Influence of the Driver Style in the Inlet Parking Process on the Energy Consumption of the EV Bus

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
Ying Yan ◽  
Ji Hui Zhuang ◽  
Dao Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Driver Behavior ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Speed Prediction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the difference of the driver behavior and energy consumption in the same bus line was studied through analyzing the inlet parking process of the driving cycles in order to solve the problem that the practical benefits in endurance mileage of the electric buses differed a lot. It showed that the energy recycled in the inlet parking process differed 21% between the best driver and the worst one and the energy difference was influenced dramatically by the accuracy of vehicle speed prediction and the tendency of deceleration of drivers.1.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Wormlike Micelle Scission Free Energy and Micellar Composition: The Case of Sodium Laurylethersulphate and Cocamidopropyl Betaine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Wand ◽  
Maria Panoukidou ◽  
Annalaura Del Regno ◽  
Richard L. Anderson ◽  
Paola Carbone
Keyword(s):  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Wormlike Micelle ◽  
Head Groups ◽  
Cylindrical Region ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cocamidopropyl Betaine ◽  
The Relationship

The scission energy is the difference in energy between two hemispherical caps and the cylindrical region of a wormlike micelle. This energy difference is exponentially proportional to the average micelle length, which affects several macroscopic properties such as the viscosity of viscoelastic fluids. Here we use a recently published method by Wang et al (Langmuir 2018 34 1564-1573) to directly calculate the scission energy of micelles composed of monodisperse Sodium Laurylethersulphate (SLESnEO), an anionic surfactant. We perform a systematic study varying the number of ethoxyl groups (n) and salt concentration. The scission energy increases with increasing salt concentration, indicating that the formation of longer micelles is favoured. We attribute this to the increased charge screening that reduces the repulsion between head groups. However, the scission energy decreases with increasing number of ethoxyl groups as the flexibility of the head group increases and the sodium ion becomes less tightly bound to the head group. We then extend to look at the effect of a common co-surfactant, Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) and find that its addition increases the scission energy, stabilising wormlike micelles at a lower salt concentration.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Wormlike Micelle Scission Free Energy and Micellar Composition: The Case of Sodium Laurylethersulphate and Cocamidopropyl Betaine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Wand ◽  
Maria Panoukidou ◽  
Annalaura Del Regno ◽  
Richard L. Anderson ◽  
Paola Carbone
Keyword(s):  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Wormlike Micelle ◽  
Head Groups ◽  
Cylindrical Region ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cocamidopropyl Betaine ◽  
The Relationship

The scission energy is the difference in energy between two hemispherical caps and the cylindrical region of a wormlike micelle. This energy difference determines the logarithm of the average micelle length, which affects several macroscopic properties such as the viscosity of viscoelastic <br>fluids. Here we use a recently published method by Wang et al (Langmuir 2018 34 1564-1573) to directly calculate the scission energy of micelles composed of monodisperse Sodium Laurylethersulphate (SLESnEO), an anionic surfactant. We perform a systematic study varying the number of ethoxyl groups (n) and salt concentration. The scission energy increases with increasing salt concentration, indicating that the formation of longer micelles is favoured. We attribute this to the increased charge screening that reduces the repulsion between head groups. However, the scission energy decreases with increasing number of ethoxyl groups as the flexibility of the head group increases and the sodium ion becomes less tightly bound to the head group. We then extend the analysis to look at the effect of a common co-surfactant, Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) and find that its addition increases the scission energy, stabilising wormlike micelles at a lower salt concentration.

OPTIMALISASI KINERJA TERMAL SELUBUNG BANGUNAN UNIT HUNIAN DI RUSUNAWA CIBESUT JAKARTA TIMUR

MODUL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Setya Anung Widhayaka ◽  
James E.D. Rilatupa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
East Side ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Residential Unit ◽  
Thermal Calculations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Most of the flats that have been built show the same building envelope design in various orientations, both in terms of design, opening area, and material. The level of solar radiation from each orientation of the facade is certainly different and will result in differences in the energy level of the building envelope for each orientation of the residential unit. If the apartment units are conditioned by air conditioning (AC), it will also produce different levels of energy consumption. How is the difference in thermal performance of the facade and energy consumption in each orientation direction?The purpose of this study is to identify the level of the energy difference between the residential unit building envelope in the west side and the east side of the Rusunawa Cibesut, in East Jakarta, and to find alternative efforts that can be made to produce building envelope energy levels that are relatively the same in both orientations and it’s post-construction applications. This research was carried out by performing thermal calculations on building envelopes (OTTV) and computer simulations to obtain results. In the option of applying glass wool insulation and gybsum board as it protection, the average EUI can be reduced by 10.7%, and achieve a level of energy consumption that is relatively the same in both unit orientations

Effects of High Fidelity Modeling of Multirotor Drones

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Hoang ◽  
Laurel Marsh ◽  
Alberto Aliseda ◽  
I. Y. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Blade Element Theory ◽  
Aerodynamic Model ◽  
Bet Model ◽  
Complex Trajectory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Theory ◽  
Blade Element

Abstract This paper examines two different factors that will affect energy consumption for multi-rotor drones with more than four rotors. First, the choice of aerodynamic model for the rotor blades is examined. Two aerodynamic models, the blade element theory (BET) model and lumped blade (LB) model, are compared using vertical, roll, pitch, and yaw trajectories. The BET and LB models produced very different trajectories with identical inputs, especially in the vertical and yaw trajectories which differed by 87.9% and 52.5%, respectively. The BET and LB models also result in different energy usages with the LB model consistently predicting 36% more energy consumption. The second factor studied is the choice of rotor groupings. For a multi-rotor drone, different rotor groupings may result in different energy usages; two groupings are considered. The same four basic trajectories are compared. The results show that the two groupings have an energy difference of 4.7–4.9% for each of the roll, pitch, and yaw directions which implies that each grouping has a base energy consumption inherent to it. Then, possible energy compounding effects are explored by examining a complex trajectory. The complex trajectory yields a 9.26% energy difference between the two groupings but further examination reveals that the difference is due to differences in the final trajectory not energy compounding effects. Thus, it is concluded that the aerodynamic model and rotor groupings are two important factors that must be considered when energy consumption needs to be minimized.

scholarly journals Comparison of Electric Vehicle’s Energy Consumption Factors for Different Road Types

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enjian Yao ◽  
Zhiqiang Yang ◽  
Yuanyuan Song ◽  
Ting Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Optimal Route ◽  
Intermediate Variable ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Road Type ◽  
The Difference

Energy-optimal route planning for electric vehicle (EV) is highly required for the wide-spread use of EV, which is hindered by limited battery capacity and relative short cruising range. Obtaining the cost for each link (i.e., link energy consumption) in road networks plays a key role in energy-optimal route planning process. The link energy consumption depends mainly on energy consumption factor, which is related to not only vehicle speed but also road type. This study aims to analyze the difference of EV’s energy consumption factors for different road types. According to the floating car data (FCD) collected from the road network in Beijing, the vehicle specific power (VSP) distributions under different average travel speeds for different road types are analyzed firstly, and then the EV’s energy consumption rates under different VSP-Bins are calculated. By using VSP as an intermediate variable, EV’s energy consumption factor models for different road types are established and the difference of EV’s energy consumption factors is analyzed. The results show that road type-based energy consumption factor should be used in EV’s energy-optimal route planning process.

scholarly journals Fuel Consumption Tabulation in Laboratory Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mosttafa Alghadhi ◽  
A Ball ◽  
L. E. Kollar ◽  
R. Mishra ◽  
T. Asim
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Environmental degradation has come about for a number of factors including the use of fossil fuels in vehicles for everyday use. This paper attempts to understand the relationship between fuel consumption and various engine performance parameters under laboratory conditions in order to see how various factors contribute to the overall fuel consumption. The framework for testing has been decided as the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC) given its various testing advantages against other driving cycles. A test rig was applied to simulate the NEDC under laboratory conditions. The findings from this study provide information how vehicular fuel consumption varies with such driving parameters as vehicle speed, acceleration, and throttle position. They can be used to predict fuel consumption under any real life driving conditions, which will contribute to reducing fuel consumption in future vehicle design..

Comparison of In-the-Ear and Over-the-Ear Hearing Aid Fittings

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Risberg ◽  
Robyn M. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Hearing Aid Fitting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Functional Gain ◽  
The Relationship

A custom in-the-ear (ITE) hearing aid fitting was compared to two over-the-ear (OTE) hearing aid fittings for each of 9 subjects with mild to moderately severe hearing losses. Speech intelligibility via the three instruments was compared using the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) test. The relationship between functional gain and coupler gain was compared for the ITE and the higher rated OTE instruments. The difference in input received at the microphone locations of the two types of hearing aids was measured for 10 different subjects and compared to the functional gain data. It was concluded that (a) for persons with mild to moderately severe hearing losses, appropriately adjusted custom ITE fittings typically yield speech intelligibility that is equal to the better OTE fitting identified in a comparative evaluation; and (b) gain prescriptions for ITE hearing aids should be adjusted to account for the high-frequency emphasis associated with in-the-concha microphone placement.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

The End of the Word as We Know It

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 165-184
Author(s):  
Timothy Beal
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Cultural Icon ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Material Objectivity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This essay attends to a distinction that requires closer examination and theorization in our discourse on iconic books and other scriptures: the difference between iconic object and cultural icon. How do we conceive of relations between the particular, ritualized iconicities of particular scriptures in particular religious contexts and the cultural iconicities of scriptures in general, such as “the Bible” or “the Quran,” whose visual and material objectivity is highly ambiguous? How if at all are the iconic cultural meanings of the ideas of such books related to the particular iconic textual objects more or less instantiate them? These questions are explored through particular focus on the relationship between the particular iconicities of particular print Bibles, as iconic objects, and the general iconicity of the cultural icon of the Bible.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document