Structural Design and Parameters Optimization of Rice Seed-Metering Device

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 957-965
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Xiao Long Lei ◽  
Rong Chao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Delivery Tube ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Working Parameters ◽  
Seed Metering Device

In order to improve the seeding quality of paddy planter, some parts of rice seed-metering, such as sufficient regulator and delivery tube, were optimally designed, and field experiment was completed to optimize the structural and working parameters. Central composite design was employed to as design the experimental plan by means of the Design-Expert software (Version 7.0). The parameters of travel speed (A), sufficient regulator’s angle (B) and length of delivery tube (C) were selected as influence factors, and seeding quality rate(y1), damage ratio of seeding(y2) and ratio of seeding holes(y3) were chosen as objective indexes. Regression models were established and analyzed based on Design-Expert and SAS software. The experiment results indicated that sufficient regulator improved quality of seeding and ratio of seeding holes especially with a few rice seeds in seed room. Under experimental conditions, the importance of each variable on y1, y2 and y3 was A>C>B, C>B>A and C>B>A and effects of the interaction of A and C on y1, the interaction of B and C on y2 and the interaction of A and C on y3 were significant by response surface analysis. By multiple objective programming, the optimal parameters were obtained as follow: travel speed of 2.8km/h, angle of sufficient regulator of 72°and delivery tube’s length of 0.25m. This study has important significant to well improvement seeding quality of rice direct-seeding.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENT AND PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION OF SEED DISTRIBUTOR OF MECHANICAL WHEAT SHOOTING SEED-METERING DEVICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Yingbo Wang ◽  
Hongwen Li ◽  
Qingjie Wang ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Caiyun Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Motion Process ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Verification Test ◽  
Seed Metering Device

In order to solve problems of lower seed-filling stability and wheat seed damage of mechanical shooting seed-metering device, the filling structure of the shooting device was optimized. The effects of seed movement were obtained through analysing the kinematics and dynamics of wheat seed through seed distributor. The influence factors were the inner diameter of seed distributor, the rotational speed of seed distributor and the inclination angle of distributor window. The discrete element software (DEM) was used to simulate the motion process to explore the different factors on the wheat seeds’ movement characteristics in the shooting device. The coefficient of variation of shooting uniformity and shooting speed of wheat seed were selected as test indicators. A verification experiment was conducted, and a high-speed camera was taken to obtain wheat seed’s movement and shooting speed. The verification test showed that the constant uniform variation coefficient of seed amount and average shooting depth was 8.6% and 32 mm, respectively.

A Critical Review of Morphologic Findings and Data From 14 Toxicological Studies Involving Fish Exposures to Diclofenac

2021 ◽  
pp. 019262332198965
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Morphologic Data ◽  
Ambiguous Data

A number of studies have investigated the potential toxicity of the analgesic agent diclofenac (DCF) in various fish species under a diverse array of experimental conditions. Reported evidence of toxicity in these investigations is often strongly reliant on morphologic end points such as histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. However, it may be challenging for scientists who perform environmental hazard or risk determination to fully appreciate the intricacies of these specialized endpoints. Therefore, the purpose of the current review was to critically assess the quality of morphologic data in 14 papers that described the experimental exposure of fish to DCF. Areas of focus during this review included study design, diagnostic accuracy, magnitude of reported changes, data interpretation and presentation, and the credibility of individual reported findings. Positive attributes of some studies included robust experimental designs, accurate diagnoses, and straightforward and transparent data reporting. Issues identified in certain articles included diagnostic errors, failure to account for sampling and/or observer bias, failure to evaluate findings according to sex, exaggeration of lesion severity, interstudy inconsistencies, unexplained phenomena, and incomplete or ambiguous data presentation. It is hoped that the outcome of this review will be of value for personnel involved in regulatory decision-making.

Surface Modification of Nano-Al2O3 with Stearic Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 246-250
Author(s):  
Min Hong Xu ◽  
Jian Li Ma ◽  
Meng Xia Qian ◽  
Li Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Modification Effect ◽  
Before And After

Surface modification of nanoAl2O3 with stearic acid by dry method was researched. The structures of nanoAl2O3 before and after modified were characterized by IR. The modification effect on nanoAl2O3 was measured with the activation index. In addition, the influence factors of modifier dosage, modification time and modification temperature were also discussed. The results showed that nanoAl2O3 had been successfully modified with stearic acid. The hydrophily and lipophilicity experiments indicated that modified nanoAl2O3 possessed lipophilicity property and could disperse in xylene. The optimal conditions of modification were as follows: the stearic acid was 7.5 wt%, based on the quality of nanoAl2O3, modification time was 50 min and temperature was 150 ○C.

Analysis of Electromagnetic Inverse Model of Resistance Spot Welding

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 974-979
Author(s):  
Nai Feng Fan ◽  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Wen Bo Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Spot Welding ◽  
Regularization Method ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Inverse Model ◽  
Resistance Spot ◽  
Inversion Theory

Resistance spot welding (RSW) is an important welding process in modern industrial production, and the quality of welding nugget determines the strength of products to a large extent. Limited by the level of RSW quality monitor, however, RSW has rarely been applied to the fields with high welding quality requirements. Associated with the inversion theory, in this paper, an electromagnetic inverse model of RSW was established, and the analysis of influence factors, such as the layout of the probes, the discrete program and the regularization method, was implemented as well. The result shows that the layout of the probe and the regularization method has great influence on the model. When the probe is located at the y direction of x-axis or the x direction of y-axis and Conjugate Gradient method is selected, a much better outcome can be achieved.

An Examination of Language Samples Obtained under Three Experimental Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise D. Stalnaker ◽  
Nancy A. Creaghead
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Semantic Relationships ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance ◽  
Language Sample

Language samples were obtained from 12 Head Start preschool children under the following three experimental conditions: Condition I, Retelling a Story with Toys; Condition II, Playing with Toys; Condition III, Toys with Questions. The quantity and quality of the three samples gathered from each child were compared by analyzing the total number of utterances, the proportion of the total utterances which were sentence fragments, the number of transformations and adverbial expansions, the number of different semantic relationships, and the mean length of utterance (MLU). Results indicated that retelling a story produced the largest MLU, but toys and questions produced more utterances. These findings indicated that questioning children does not inhibit their language and asking them to retell a story may be a fruitful approach to use when gathering a language sample.

Algicidal and Bactericidal Effect of Potassium Monopersulfate Compound on Eutrophic Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Song Wu ◽  
Xin Yang Xu ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Yue Ting Zeng ◽  
Jing Nan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Landscape Water ◽  
Algae And Bacteria

Algae and bacteria blooms in eutrophication in summer have made the quality of landscape water degradation. Treatment efficiency of potassium monopersulfate compound, a new kind of oxidation reagent, on killing algae and bacteria has been valued and the effect of influence factors, such as dosage, contact time and temperature are also discussed. The results indicated that potassium monopersulfate is appropriate for killing algae and bacteria in landscape water, dosage and contact time are the major influence factors. The contact time should be longer than 20min and the algicidal rate is higher when the temperature is above 20°C.

Using the CL-770 Spectrophotometer to Quantify Serum Immunoglobulins

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
E. E. Krasnoshchekova ◽  
K. T. Valeeva
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulins ◽  
Monospecific Antiserum ◽  
Agar Layer

Serum immunoglobulins (A, G, M) are usually quantified by radial gel immunodiffusion (RID). It is based on measuring the diameter of the precipitation ring formed when the serum is added to the wells cut out in the agar layer in which the monospecific antiserum is preliminarily dispersed. The gel plates are placed in a humid chamber for 24-48 hours. At the end of the incubation, the diameter of the precipitation ring is measured. Under standard experimental conditions, the diameter of the precipitation ring is directly proportional to the concentration of the studied immunoglobulin. The amount of immunoglobulins is determined by constructing a calibration graph. The results of determining the concentration of serum immunoglobulins by the RID method are issued only on the 3rd day of the study. Clinicians are not always satisfied with the timing of the results and the quality of the study, since the latter depends on many factors - thoroughness (conducting the experiment, the quality and thickness of the gel, the scale of the schedule, etc.)

Effect of working pressure, travel speed and nozzle wear rate on spray quality of different flat fan nozzles

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Eleonóra Kecskés-Nagy ◽  
Milan Koszel ◽  
István Sztachó-Pekáry
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Nozzle Wear ◽  
Mean Diameter

The objective of the work was to determine the influence of working pressure and working speed on drop tracks size and changes in flow rate of flat fan nozzles. New nozzles and nozzles after laboratory wear were tested. The influence of nozzles wear on drop tracks size was tested. It was found that the increase in liquid flow rate resulted in higher values of mean diameter of the droplet track. The increase in working pressure or working speed causes decrease in drop tracks size and reduction in merging of droplets on sprayed surface. The increase of the wear was followed by increased coverage rate. This phenomenon is especially dangerous when using nozzles with a considerable wear for agricultural spraying since this causes ecological threat to environment.

Evaluation of Uncertainty for the Determination of Magnesium Oxide Content in Limestone by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Xiang Dong Wen ◽  
Zheng Zhou ◽  
Wen Yang Pan ◽  
Mei Shao
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
The Mathematical Model

According to GB/T3286.1-2012(The determination of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide content in limestone and dolomite), the mathematical model of magnesium oxide content determination in limestone by atomic absorption spectrometry was established. The various uncertainty factors of different elements for a sample were discussed and compared in the testing process. The confidence interval for the measurement result was (0.74±0.03)%,k=2 in uncertainty evaluation .The results showed that the variability of working curve and accuracy of standard solution volume for working curve were main influence factors of uncertainty. It could effectively reduce the uncertainty from the perspective of the main factors,and improve the quality of analysis.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN BUMN DI KOTA PALEMBANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Betri Sirajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Owned Company ◽  
Research Type

Problem formulation in this study is are factors that affect (relevant factor, to be understood, power test, neutral, right time, power of appeals, and complete) partial and collectively. The goal influence factors relevant to know, can be understood, power test, neutral, right time, power of appeals, and the quality of complete financial statements on state-owned company in palembang good partial nor collectively. This study included research type associative. in the state-owned company conducted in palembang. Variables in this study is relevant, to be understood, power test, neutral, right time, power of appeals, and complete. data used data is a primary and secondary data. Techniques of data collection in this study using questionnaires and documentation techniques. analysis qualitative data was used.research shows that good partial nor collectively relevant factor, to be understood, power test, neutral, right time, power of appeals, and complete significantly impact on the quality of financial reports state-owned company in palembang.

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