Research on Formulating an Electricity Sales Price Basic Theory Based on Fair Burden Coefficient

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 4258-4263
Author(s):  
Xue Liang ◽  
Bing Qing Li ◽  
Dong Sheng Yang ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Dan Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
State Taxes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors

With the improving of the electricity users requirements for power quality, traditional electricity pricing model cant meet the needs of users. This thesis first carries on the analysis of electricity cost factors, and then establishes the cost model of electricity generation companies and electricity supply companies. The formulation of electricity price should consider electricity users, electricity generation companies, electricity supply companies and state taxes. And each factor should bear responsibility of electricity price's formulation based on social fair burden coefficient. So the thesis establishes an electricity price's model based on above theory.

Performance of Multisource Application Layer Multicast Routing: A Cost-Based Approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 617-622
Author(s):  
Chia Hui Huang ◽  
Kai Wei Ke ◽  
Ho Ting Wu
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Multicast Routing ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Application Layer Multicast ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Computation Complexity ◽  
The Cost

In this work, a simulative study on the cost of multisource ALM routing protocols is presented. The authors discuss a multiplicative pricing model for multisource ALM based on the single-source cost model. By simulating various ALM protocols, the study discovered that a multiplicative characteristic is held between the cost of single-source and multisource ALM routing. The multiplicative pricing model makes the minimum cost of multisource ALM more clear for protocol designer and gives a intuitive way to examine the cost of a designed multisource ALM without incurring too many computation complexity.

Dynamic Manufacturing Scheduling Under Real-Time Electricity Pricing Based on MILP and ARIMA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Zhai ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Fu Zhao ◽  
John W. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Manufacturing Scheduling ◽  
Price Forecast ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
The Cost

The scheduling of manufacturing equipment is critical in production facilities. Research on production scheduling has traditionally focused on component throughput and cycle time. However, the increase of electricity price in the United States following the market deregulation in 1990s has led to efforts to reduce energy cost via manufacturing scheduling. This paper explores the possibility of reducing electricity cost of a manufacturing facility subject to real time electricity pricing by dynamically changing operation schedules, while maintaining a pre-determined production throughput. A time series model is developed to forecast the hourly electricity price and time-indexed integer programming is used to determine the manufacturing schedule. The electricity price forecast is updated every hour based on the price history, and manufacturing schedule is updated according to the updated price forecast. A hypothetical flow line with 3 processes operating 16 hours per day is used as a case study. The line has a limited public buffer between processes and all machines in the shop have three operational states. With a throughput of 60 parts per day, the results suggest that it is possible to reduce the cost by 3.6% using an hourly forecast compared with a schedule based on a day-ahead price forecast.

Adjusting Electricity Cost Depending on Power Supply Outages

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Vadim E. Bolshev ◽  
Aleksandr V. Vinogradov ◽  
Alina V. Vinogradova ◽  
Aleksey V. Bukreev ◽  
Aleksandr A. Lansberg
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Economic Method ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Supply Reliability

During the functioning of power supply system, there can be situations where the culprit in interruptions of power supply to consumers and a power quality violation is a power supply company or a consumer himself. Therefore, the economic incentive for power supply companies and consumers to increase power supply reliability and power quality is an urgent task. To implement such incentives, it is necessary to control the facts and time of power supply outages and their values as well as cases and time of non-compliance of power quality with the requirements of standards. It is possible with the use of a monitoring system for power supply reliability and power quality. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a technical and economic method for stimulating power supply companies and consumers to increase efficiency of power supply system. (Materials and methods) The article provides a review of the structural diagram of a system for monitoring power supply reliability and power quality including devices for monitoring the number and duration of power outages and voltage deviations. (Results and discussion). An economic method has been developed to stimulate power supply companies and consumers to increase power supply system efficiency. The essence of the method is to control the parameters of power supply reliability and power quality, identify the violation of these parameters, determine the culprit of the violation, determine the time characteristics of the violation, summarize the duration of violations for the reporting period, compare the actual amount of duration with the allowable one, determine the amount of compensation for the violation and impose sanctions on payment compensation by the perpetrators of violations of these parameters. The article presents an algorithm for adjusting the cost of electricity supplied to consumers depending on the number and duration of voltage deviations and the number and duration of outages. The algorithm serves to ensure the operation of the specified technical and economic method. (Conclusions) The algorithm works in conjunction with a system for monitoring power supply reliability and power quality based on signals from devices that control the number and duration of outages and voltage deviations.

Price structures for electricity supply and potential consequences for building services systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442199081
Author(s):  
Roger Hitchin
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Price Structure ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Future System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Effective Design

Policies to reduce carbon emissions are leading to substantial changes in the demand for electricity and to the structure of electricity supply systems, which will alter the cost structure of electricity supply. This can be expected to result in corresponding changes to the price structure faced by customers. This note is an initial exploration of how possible new price structures may impact on HVAC system and building design and use. Changes in the price structure of electricity supply (separately from changes in price levels) can significantly affect the cost-effective design and operation of building services systems; especially of heating and cooling systems. The nature and implications of these changes can have important implications for future system design and operation.

scholarly journals ANN-Based Decision Making in Station Keeping for Geotechnical Drilling Vessel

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Murugan Ramasamy ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Hannan ◽  
Yaseen Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Arun Kr Dev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Station Keeping ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors

Offshore vessels (OVs) often require precise station-keeping and some vessels, for example, vessels involved in geotechnical drilling, generally use Spread Mooring (SM) or Dynamic Positioning (DP) systems. Most of these vessels are equipped with both systems to cover all ranges of water depths. However, determining which system to use for a particular operational scenario depends on many factors and requires significant balancing in terms of cost-benefit. Therefore, this research aims to develop a platform that will determine the cost factors for both the SM and DP station-keeping systems. Operational information and cost data are collected for several field operations, and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are trained using those data samples. After that, the trained ANN is used to predict the components of cost for any given environmental situation, fieldwork duration and water depth. Later, the total cost is investigated against water depth for both DP and SM systems to determine the most cost-effective option. The results are validated using two operational scenarios for a specific geotechnical vessel. This decision-making algorithm can be further developed by adding up more operational data for various vessels and can be applied in the development of sustainable decision-making business models for OVs operators.

scholarly journals Economic burden of childhood diarrhea in Burundi

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulgence Niyibitegeka ◽  
Arthorn Riewpaiboon ◽  
Sitaporn Youngkong ◽  
Montarat Thavorncharoensap
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Illness Study ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Substantial Economic Burden

Abstract Background In 2016, diarrhea killed around 7 children aged under 5 years per 1000 live births in Burundi. The objective of this study was to estimate the economic burden associated with diarrhea in Burundi and to examine factors affecting the cost to provide economic evidence useful for the policymaking about clinical management of diarrhea. Methods The study was designed as a prospective cost-of-illness study using an incidence-based approach from the societal perspective. The study included patients aged under 5 years with acute non-bloody diarrhea who visited Buyenzi health center and Prince Regent Charles hospital from November to December 2019. Data were collected through interviews with patients’ caregivers and review of patients’ medical and financial records. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify factors affecting cost, and a cost model was used to generate predictions of various clinical and care management costs. All costs were converted into international dollars for the year 2019. Results One hundred thirty-eight patients with an average age of 14.45 months were included in this study. Twenty-one percent of the total patients included were admitted. The average total cost per episode of diarrhea was Int$109.01. Outpatient visit and hospitalization costs per episode of diarrhea were Int$59.87 and Int$292, respectively. The costs were significantly affected by the health facility type, patient type, health insurance scheme, complications with dehydration, and duration of the episode before consultation. Our model indicates that the prevention of one case of dehydration results in savings of Int$16.81, accounting for approximately 11 times of the primary treatment cost of one case of diarrhea in the community-based management program for diarrhea in Burundi. Conclusion Diarrhea is associated with a substantial economic burden to society. Evidence from this study provides useful information to support health interventions aimed at prevention of diarrhea and dehydration related to diarrhea in Burundi. Appropriate and timely care provided to patients with diarrhea in their communities and primary health centers can significantly reduce the economic burden of diarrhea. Implementing a health policy to provide inexpensive treatment to prevent dehydration can save significant amount of health expenditure.

A Tool for Thermoeconomic Analysis and Optimization of Gas, Steam, and Combined Plants

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Agazzani ◽  
A. F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Thermodynamic Variables ◽  
Definition Of

The aim of this work is to demonstrate the capability of an original “modular” simulator tool for the thermoeconomic analysis of thermal-energy systems. The approach employed is based on the Thermoeconomic Functional Analysis (T.F.A.), which, through definition of the “functional productive diagram” and the establishment of the capital cost function of each component, allows the marginal costs and the unit product costs, i.e., the “internal economy,” of the functional exergy flows to be obtained in correspondence to the optimum point. The optimum design of the system is obtained utilizing a traditional optimization technique, which includes both physical structure of the energy system described in terms of thermodynamic variables and cost model (capital cost of the components, maintenance and amortization factors, unit fuel cost, unit electricity cost, etc.). As an application example to show the practicability of the tool, the thermoeconomic analysis of various complex multipressure combined cycles (with or without steam reheating) is carried out. The results are analyzed and discussed in depth.

Optimal Scheduling Method of Controllable Loads in DC Smart Apartment Building

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Shimoji ◽  
Hayato Tahara ◽  
Hidehito Matayoshi ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Pricing Scheme ◽  
Scheduling Method

Abstract From the perspective of global warming suppression and the depletion of energy resources, renewable energies, such as the solar collector (SC) and photovoltaic generation (PV), have been gaining attention in worldwide. Houses or buildings with PV and heat pumps (HPs) are recently being used in residential areas widely due to the time of use (TOU) electricity pricing scheme which is essentially inexpensive during middle-night and expensive during day-time. If fixed batteries and electric vehicles (EVs) can be introduced in the premises, the electricity cost would be even more reduced. While, if the occupants arbitrarily use these controllable loads respectively, power demand in residential buildings may fluctuate in the future. Thus, an optimal operation of controllable loads such as HPs, batteries and EV should be scheduled in the buildings in order to prevent power flow from fluctuating rapidly. This paper proposes an optimal scheduling method of controllable loads, and the purpose is not only the minimization of electricity cost for the consumers, but also suppression of fluctuation of power flow on the power supply side. Furthermore, a novel electricity pricing scheme is also suggested in this paper.

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