Graph-Based Temporary Ground Wire Management in Distribution Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 1720-1725
Author(s):  
Xin Yang Fu ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Shuai Gai ◽  
Wen Hua Liu ◽  
Zhuo Yue Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topological Analysis ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Pocket Computer ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

It requires a large number of temporary ground wires for maintenance tasks in distribution network. Because the temporary ground wires can be grounded anywhere, it is difficult to check their states and control them. Currently solutions are generally expensive in city-scale. This paper presents a method that integrates the complex monitor, control and communication modules into a pocket computer key. The abundant of ground wires are controlled by a simple electric lock, which will downgrade the cost of whole system. This paper also proposed a graph-base temporary ground wire management algorithm, which utilizes the Boolean adjacent matrix to determine the ground operations. The experiment results show that algorithm is more efficiency the baseline of the Topological Analysis Algorithm and the Logic-based Analysis Algorithm.

The Research on Preventing Mal-Operation Algorithms in Distribution Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1895-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wei Zheng ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Yong Wu ◽  
Zhi Quan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Topological Analysis ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Topological Information ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Short Response Time ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Strong Ability

To analyze the operating orders in distribution network with multi-power supply and prevent mal-operation, the topological analysis algorithm and the logic-based analysis algorithm are proposed in this paper. In the topological analysis algorithm, the procedures of opening and closing breakers, isolating switches, and grounding device are expounded, which are based on the topological information of distribution network. In the logic-based analysis algorithm, the operating orders are analyzed according the collocated logical expressions. It needs abundant of artificial information, but it has strong ability to express. The experimental results show these algorithms can determine the simulating operation orders in short response time.

A Harmonic Source Location Method Based on PMU Measurements in Distribution Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 409-414
Author(s):  
Bing Jun Li ◽  
Su Quan Zhou ◽  
Xiao Xiang Lun
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Optimal Measurement ◽  
Location Method ◽  
Measurement Placement ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Harmonic Source ◽  
The Cost

It is of great importance to identify the location of the harmonic sources for the harmonic governance in the power system. Applied with optimal measurement placement (OMP) and harmonic state estimation (HSE), this paper presents a novel process based on PMU measurements to locate the harmonic sources in the distribution network. Considering the cost and the observability, the OMP can provide a scheme of the measurement placement with the minimum number of PMU measurements. In order to simplify the HSE equation, the measured data are converted to the form of voltage by the method proposed in this paper.By solving the HSE equation, the location and magnitude of the harmonic source are evaluated. The methodology is applied to the IEEE 33-bus system, and the obtained results are properly analyzed.

scholarly journals Multi-Blockchain-Based IoT Data Processing Techniques to Ensure the Integrity of IoT Data in AIoT Edge Computing Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3515
Author(s):  
Sung-Ho Sim ◽  
Yoon-Su Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Constant Size ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Cloud Servers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
And Control

As the development of IoT technologies has progressed rapidly recently, most IoT data are focused on monitoring and control to process IoT data, but the cost of collecting and linking various IoT data increases, requiring the ability to proactively integrate and analyze collected IoT data so that cloud servers (data centers) can process smartly. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based IoT big data integrity verification technique to ensure the safety of the Third Party Auditor (TPA), which has a role in auditing the integrity of AIoT data. The proposed technique aims to minimize IoT information loss by multiple blockchain groupings of information and signature keys from IoT devices. The proposed technique allows IoT information to be effectively guaranteed the integrity of AIoT data by linking hash values designated as arbitrary, constant-size blocks with previous blocks in hierarchical chains. The proposed technique performs synchronization using location information between the central server and IoT devices to manage the cost of the integrity of IoT information at low cost. In order to easily control a large number of locations of IoT devices, we perform cross-distributed and blockchain linkage processing under constant rules to improve the load and throughput generated by IoT devices.

In-line filtration reduced phlebitis associated with peripheral venous cannulation: Focus on cost-effectiveness and patients’ perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Gianluca Villa ◽  
Rosa Giua ◽  
Timothy Amass ◽  
Lorenzo Tofani ◽  
Cosimo Chelazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Previous Trial ◽  
Venous Cannulation ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Background: In a previous trial, in-line filtration significantly prevented postoperative phlebitis associated with short peripheral venous cannulation. This study aims to describe the cost-effectiveness of in-line filtration in reducing phlebitis and examine patients’ perception of in-hospital vascular access management with and without in-line filtration. Methods: We analysed costs associated with in-line filtration: these data were prospectively recorded during the previous trial. Furthermore, we performed a follow-up for all the 268 patients enrolled in this trial. Among these, 213 patients responded and completed 6 months after hospital discharge questionnaires evaluating the perception of and satisfaction with the management of their vascular access. Results: In-line filtration group required 95.60€ more than the no-filtration group (a mean of € 0.71/patient). In terms of satisfaction with the perioperative management of their short peripheral venous cannulation, 110 (82%) and 103 (76.9%) patients, respectively, for in-line filtration and control group, completed this survey. Within in-line filtration group, 97.3% of patients were satisfied/strongly satisfied; if compared with previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, 11% of them recognised in-line filtration as a relevant causative factor in determining their satisfaction. Among patients within the control group, 93.2% were satisfied/strongly satisfied, although up to 30% of them had experienced postoperative phlebitis. At the qualitative interview, they recognised no difference than previous experiences on short peripheral venous cannulation, and mentioned postoperative phlebitis as a common event that ‘normally occurs’ during a hospital stay. Conclusion: In-line filtration is cost-effective in preventing postoperative phlebitis, and it seems to contribute to increasing patient satisfaction and reducing short peripheral venous cannulation–related discomfort

Synergetic Concept of Software Control of Machining Processes on Metal-Cutting Machines

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
V.L. Zakovorotny ◽  
V.E. Gvindzhiliya
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
External Control ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cutting System

High precision metal-cutting machines ensure that the programmed machine actuator trajectories correspond to the real ones. For lathes these are the trajectories of the longitudinal and transverse calipers of the system, as well as the spindle. The purpose of processing is to produce parts of a given quality while minimizing the manufacturing costs. The condition of the dynamic cutting system, determined by the trajectories of forces and deformations, affects the quality indicators of parts and the cutting efficiency, which depends on the intensity of tool wear. The properties of the system change depending on the phase trajectory of the power of irreversible transformations of the energy supplied to the cutting zone by the work performed. Their changes related with the evolution of the parameters of the dynamic link formed by cutting are manifested in the development of tool wear and changes in the quality of the part. Thus, the power of irreversible energy transformations is one of the internal factors causing changes in the output characteristics of processing and the state of the process. In this regard, when processing on machine tools, there is a problem of synergistic coordination of external control (for example, the CNC program) with internal one, the source of which is the irreversible transformation of the energy supplied to the cutting zone. The article considers the problem of synergetic coordination of external and internal controls during cutting process, the solution of which will allow increasing the efficiency of processing on CNC machines. A mathematical model of a controlled dynamic cutting system and control algorithms are proposed to improve the efficiency of processing parts of a given quality while minimizing the intensity of tool wear. Testing of the developed algorithms has shown that their use reduces the cost of manufacturing parts by 1.2.

Cost-Effectiveness of Paving Fabrics Used to Control Reflective Cracking

2000 ◽  
Vol 1730 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Buttlar ◽  
Diyar Bozkurt ◽  
Barry J. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Reflective Cracking ◽  
Crack Control ◽  
Condition Rating ◽  
System A ◽  
Rigid Pavements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) spends $2 million annually on reflective crack control treatments; however, the cost-effectiveness of these treatments had not been reliably determined. A recent study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of IDOT reflective crack control System A, which consists of a nonwoven polypropylene paving fabric, placed either in strips longitudinally over lane-widening joints or over the entire pavement (area treatment). The study was limited to projects constructed originally as rigid pavements and subsequently rehabilitated with one or more bituminous overlays. Performance of 52 projects across Illinois was assessed through crack mapping and from distress and serviceability data in IDOT’s condition rating survey database. Comparisons of measured reflective cracking in treated and control sections revealed that System A retarded longitudinal reflective widening crack development, but it did not significantly retard transverse reflective cracking, which agrees with earlier studies. However, both strip and area applications of these fabric treatments appeared to improve overall pavement serviceability, and they were estimated to increase rehabilitation life spans by 1.1 and 3.6 years, respectively. Reduction in life-cycle costs was estimated to be 4.4 and 6.2 percent when placed in medium and large quantities, respectively, and to be at a break-even level for small quantities. However, life-cycle benefits were found to be statistically insignificant. Limited permeability testing of field cores taken on severely distressed transverse joints suggested that waterproofing benefits could exist even after crack reflection. This was consistent with the observation that, although serviceability was generally improved with area treatment, crack reflection was not retarded relative to untreated areas.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. H. Arroz ◽  
Baltazar Candrinho ◽  
Chandana Mendis ◽  
Melanie Lopez ◽  
Maria do Rosário O. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Ratio ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Incremental Net Benefit ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Delivery Models ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets

Abstract Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs. new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.

scholarly journals Studi Penempatan Titik Pentanahan Kawat Tanah Pada Penyulang Serangan

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
I Wayan Agus Teja Baskara ◽  
I G Dyana Arjana ◽  
I W Rinas
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Network ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
The Cost

Ground wire is one of the lighning protection instrument used in medium voltage distribution network with the intention to reduce interference due to lightning strikes. On the feeder Serangan the ground wire put 4 – 5 wicket. To know effective gap of ground wire is put on the feeder Serangan then used effectiveness ground wire parameters and total of disorder by lightning strikes directly or indirectly. From the analysis is obtained the effective gap on scenario 4 by 3 – 4 wicket. Choosing scenario 4 is as effective gap because seen by economic aspect, as longest gap point put of ground wire then the cost needed to use material and the installation of ground wire will be cheaper.  DOI: 10.24843/MITE.1501.05

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN STANDARD WBS (WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE) PADA PROYEK BANGUNAN GEDUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Ayu Herzanita
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Work Package ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Method Approach

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) plays an important role in every construction project. WBS is a hierarchy of decreasing scope of work to become the smallest level called a work package, making it easier in the process of project management and control. The current problem is that many contractors in Indonesia, both large and small contractors, do not understand the importance of using WBS in a construction project. This causes project performance to be less than optimal, especially on cost and time performance. Currently, WBS standards have been developed for building projects. In this study will look at the cost and time performance of the project from the use of WBS standard building. The sample used in this study are projects that have applied the use of project standards. The projects include Building X, Lecture Building Y, and Sports Facility Building Z. The method used in this study is the EVM (Earn Value Method) approach, collecting data using questionnaires. The results showed that using the WBS standard had an effect on cost and time performance. Good cost and time performance is shown in the Building X and Lecture Y buildings. While the cost and time performance of the Z Sports Facility Building tends to be unstable. This is because the work items that exist in the WBS standard are not in accordance with the project conditions, so it is necessary to adjust work items.

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