Optimizing Chinese Motorized Transportation Modes to Support Cross-River Public Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 590 ◽  
pp. 856-861
Author(s):  
Chun Xia Yang ◽  
Yan Kang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Cross River ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
The Cross

In China, the popularization of motorized transportation has made the contradiction between citizens’ desire to access water and traffic demands in cross-river areas difficult to deal with. Studying on the transportation and space systems from three layers of city across the river, district across the river and bridge across the river, this paper provides several modes of motorized transportation to keep harmony with and give support to the cross-river public activities. The research on the layer of city proposes suggestions on city planning and policies, while research on the layer of district summarizes several strategies on urban design within the cross-river area. The last part of research on the layer of bridge presents modes for reference on the public space on bridge and the connection between bridge and transportation systems.

Waterfront as the Public Space of the City - Research on the Waterfront Park of the North Bund in Shanghai

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1733-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xia Yang ◽  
Wei Shang ◽  
Stefania Rusconi ◽  
Beatrice Anne Bruneaux
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Waterfront Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Design ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

The waterfront development in China faces the problems of landscape, ecology and sustainability. According to the research of the waterfront park in the North Bund of Shanghai, this paper discusses the main issues from the view of urban design and gives possible countermeasures for the future design. In order to make full use of the environmental resources, we should build a connection between the waterfront and the inside city, and provide more opportunities for individuals to keep closing to water.

scholarly journals What can urban design learn from changing winds? A case study of public space in Nanjing (1990s-2010s)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Qiuxia Xu ◽  
Zhen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pattern Complexity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Planning Decision

Climate is one of the prominent and persistent factors affecting the human habitat. During the recent urbanization, human society has left remarkable environment footprints including the macro- and micro- climates related to human settlement. It’s essential for urban planning decision-maker to contextualize people’s wellbeing in the public space and micro-climate changes. The adverse changes of micro-climate are usually related more to local developments than to global changes, with the causality relatively feasible to detect. Characteristic of openness, the open spaces play an important role as outdoor relaxation and wind corridor, which is precious yet vulnerable assets for the citizens’ wellbeing. Agglomerated and unintentional developments inevitably change the wind patterns which potentially affect public life. A longitudinal study of such circumstance will provide knowledge and lessons for sustainable and salutary urban design. Based on CFD simulation, this paper compared the static winter and summer airflows patterns of the Drum Tower area in downtown Nanjing during the period of 1990s-2010s. The results indicated that the wind pattern complexity increased gradually, the outdoor comfortability degraded dramatically in some areas, the environment inequity might be deteriorated too. The researcher suggests putting micro-climate issues firmly on the agenda of public wellbeing policy, involving various stakeholders in the assessment and urban design code with technical and social supports.

scholarly journals Transformation by Method of Sanation – Unregulated Residential Settlements of Sarajevo

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022090
Author(s):  
Jasenka Čakarić ◽  
Slađana Miljanović ◽  
Aida Idrizbegović Zgonić
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City

Abstract In the second half of the 20th century, the industrialisation and deagrarization of Bosnia and Herzegovina had a strong impact on the dynamics of urban development and economic growth of the post-war Sarajevo, which intensified immigration from its relatively underdeveloped regional environment. This was accompanied by accelerated housing construction, and it encouraged the spatial expansion of the city. Planning guidelines were set by the city administration and were based on the long-term development plans. They identified the disposition of urban functions necessary for housing, work, recreation and traffic, and the policy of building multi-residential buildings was aimed general social interest. At the same time, the planning activities neglected the actual socio-economic status of immigrants who had lesser opportunities for housing through the social distribution system of apartments, began the process of self-organized unregulated settlement construction with single-family houses on the city's slopes. This began an era of two parallel but controversial actions within town space: planned and unregulated housing construction. Spontaneous possession of the city's territory with unregulated construction today is characterised by: complex property-legal relations, high degree of construction, absence of public space, pedestrian communications and service functions, low quality of the infrastructure network, and that settlements are formed on unstable terrains and on active landslides. Since the consequences of the complexity of the situation cannot be addressed through radical urban transformation, we see an alternative in the idea of partial spatial interventions – transformation by method of sanation. Starting with the thesis that construction is always deeply connected to society's understanding of the function of space and the place of man in it, we have opened up a central question, and searching for answers is the basic goal of this paper: Is it possible to solve problems accumulated by decades within Sarajevo's unregulated residential settlements through means of transformation by method of sanation? Or: Can partial spatial interventions improve the overall quality of individual and social life? For the purpose of finding answers, we conducted an analysis of the causes of the formation and genesis of these settlements, as well as a series of problems produced by the accumulation of separate spatial interventions without elementary professional guidance. The results of this analysis showed that the answer to the questions asked can be positive, by establishing a critical relationship with the potential of the space of specific settlement sites, in terms of the degree of functional usability, correlation with utilities and user interactions with the environments they inhabit. We have concluded that it is precisely the potential of individual sites, by logically applying the transformation by method of sanation, will enable dual achievement – the merging the solution within the technical and structural aspect of potential landslides with the articulation of the public on new pedestrian communications. Also, it has been shown that the application of this method enables the typification of technical solutions, functions, contents, activities, urban design, and even the public itself. And this means that the conclusions on the characteristics of individual Sarajevo unregulated residential settlements, endangered by landslides, can offer general guidelines for design concepts, within them, an overall improvement of individual and social life.

scholarly journals Beyond the Sit-In: Public Space Production and Appropriation in Sudan’s December Revolution, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5194
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Z. Bahreldin
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Space Transformation ◽  
Space Production ◽  
Space Activities

This article reflects on Khartoum’s sit-in space in front of the Army headquarter in Khartoum during Sudan’s Nile Spring. The article explores the public discourses, activities, and space transformation during the sit-in, which lasted fifty-eight days. Through studying the sit-in, we aim to discuss how the Nile Spring has, or has not, transformed the conception of what a public space is by examining the functions and activities of the sit-in space as a territory of political exercise. The methodology underlying this research includes direct and participant observation, a follow-up of the sit-in space activities on various media sources, a literature review, and interviews. The conclusions drawn by this article show how the sit-in space has challenged the current relationship between public space and the political ideology by providing a new example of what a public space is. The sit-in space succeeded in revolutionizing the understanding of how public spaces should be imagined, designed, appropriated, and managed. This inquiry has disclosed the necessity to rethink current planning and urban design processes that restrict democratic activities in public spaces.

Traditional European Squares in Contemporary Urbanism: Dubrovnik's Medieval Squares

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Tigran Haas
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
Urban Places

Buildings alone do not matter, it is only the ensemble of streets, squares, and buildings and the way they fit together that comprises the true principles of good urbanism and place making. One of the main rules of good urban design is the quality of the public space. This paper analyzes the importance of creating & maintaining a true public square in contemporary urban condition, as one of the built environments' pillars for sustaining social and cultural identity. Criticism has been posed towards the (neo) romanticizing the importance of European squares (as some critics would call it “Postcard Squares”) in everyday life and contemporary town planning. Movements such as New Urbanism, which promote good urban design have not put squares that high on their urban design agendas. Also the usage of the historic European city's public realm model - the square - as the important ingredient for all urban places has not been forthcoming. To investigate this phenomena, and facilitate the discourse, The Square of the St. Blaise Church (Luza Square) and the Gunduliceva Poljana Square in the Old City of Dubrovnik, are analyzed and reflected upon through various data collection, theory reflections and urban design evaluation methods, such as Garham's Sense of Place Typology-Taxonomy. If cities have livable and vibrant social spaces, do residents tend to have a stronger sense of community and sense of place? If such places are lacking, does the opposite happen?. This paper seeks out to answer these questions. Finally the paper also looks at how the phenomenon of creating good social spaces through creating ‘third places’ is achieved and confirmed in the squares of Dubrovnik.

scholarly journals Sectarian Identities, Narratives and Political Conflict in Baghdad

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harith Hasan Al­‐Qarawee
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The City

This article addresses some of the effects of political transformations and conflicts on the identity of the Iraqi capital, Baghdad. It illustrates the gradual “Islamization” of space by Saddam Hussein’s regime, which reflected a sectarian bias as it denied Shi’a religious identity the level of visibility given to Sunni religious identity. After the fall of the regime, there was an upsurge in Shi’a symbolism and rituals in Baghdad, which further de-­secularized and sectarianized the public space. The article also addresses some of the cultural consequences for the sectarian segregation in Baghdad, especially by looking into the mosques and worship places, their sectarian distribution and the contesting claims regarding some of them. The rise of sub-­national cultures and the competition between Shi’as and Sunnis have further fragmented Baghdad’s identity and downgraded the cross-sectarian representations. This has been mirrored in the conflict of narratives about the city which is discussed in the last part of this article.

Intimacy and exposure – the Armenian “tun” and Yerevan’s public space

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 513-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Helma Christiane Fehlings
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public

Purpose – In contrast to the dominant accounts in post-Soviet studies that see public and private as two spheres existing in parallel, the purpose of this paper is to argue that in Armenia the public-private dichotomy can be better understood as a spectrum of different kinds of interactions between the state and private actors/social groups representing different sets of socio-cultural values, which are mirrored in Yerevan’s city planning and housing. Design/methodology/approach – The data derives from long-term ethnographic fieldwork in Yerevan. To analyse the data set the author used methods common in social and cultural anthropology. The theoretical background derives from urban anthropology (Liu), theories on housing (Carsten and Hugh-Jones), the anthropology of values (Dumont), and the anthropology of states (Herzfeld) linked to the debate on modernity. Findings – The author demonstrates that basic cultural concepts, norms, expectations, rules, beliefs, and values currently take effect on both sides (public and private/state and people), and that personal networks in Armenia are no longer used to trick an alien state, but also used by the state elites to gain advantage. The degree of intimacy of social relations thereby structures urban space and behaviour. Originality/value – The paper looks at the public-private dichotomy in post-Soviet states from a new perspective, which is inspired by the anthropology of (socio-cultural) values, and argues that cultural intimacy (Herzfeld) is – simultaneously – a unifying and a separating fact in the relationship of states and people.

scholarly journals A study on the mode of public participation in Chinese urban design under the concept of multi-body participation. Community building oriented with multi-age participation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Luan ◽  
◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Main Body ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Governance

With the society and economy of China entering the transition period, people's requirements for urban life show a trend of diversification and high standards. Urban design is no longer limited to physical space but starts to carry out multi-angle and multi-level comprehensive consideration on the social and spatial problems of symbiosis. In this context, the innovative social governance and the quality improvement of urban public space that highlights the role of the public have become hot topics. As the main body of city users, ordinary people entering into the deep and substantial participation from the superficial and symbolic is the only way for urban design to transform from the expert-led "optimal scheme" to the "reasonable scheme" recognized by pluralistic bodies. In the process of western democratic politics, the participation theory that focuses on the construction of micro democracy is prevalent, and the public participation based on pluralism has become the theoretical basis for the planning participation. Besides, the concept of communicative planning and collaborative planning, which emphasize cooperation and consultation, also enriches the connotation of multiple participation. Due to different systems and awareness, it is difficult to promote public participation under China's national conditions. Community building, the interdisciplinary product of urban design and social governance under communities, is regarded as the experimental field for participating in the reform. Therefore, under the current administrative system and regulations, this paper tries to make use of the grass-roots management mode with Chinese characteristics to establish an inclusive multi-participation mechanism. It allows residents of different ages can go deep into the process of community building by taking the family unit. Meanwhile, some suggestions and strategies are raised for effective participation. We hope the bottom-up process of urban design in microscale can be an effective instrument to reflect the public's will and repair social relations at the same time, while explore and solve urban problems in diverse cooperation.

A Probe into Localized Urban Design Approach – Case Study of Design for Guangzhou International Financial City (GIFC)

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Yan Fei
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Space System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Design Idea ◽  
Design Proposal

Urban design for high-intensity central urban areas often ends up with the conglomeration of high-rises, while these areas are then faced with the question as how reasonable planning and design approaches could be employed to reflect the green and ecological design idea, optimize the spatial and environmental quality and carry on the local traditional culture and features. To respond, this paper conducts a case study of the GIFC urban design proposal, and further explores the green and ecological design approaches with the local Lingnan characteristics from the perspectives of the macro-level ecological pattern, the spatial order as well as the establishment of the public space system, with the intent to offer some reference for the development of new urban areas.

The Analysis of the Slow-Traffic and Lingering Space System of the Bridges and both Banks - Taking the Estuary Area of Suzhou Creek in Shanghai as an Example

2018 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Chun Xia Yang ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Hui Zhi Geng
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Traffic Network ◽  
Space System ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Suzhou Creek ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The City

It is necessary to construct the slow-traffic and lingering space system of the bridges and both banks in the motorized era. It’s the main part of the city planning for non-motorized travel. Also, it’s important for the development of the cross-river slow-traffic system and the comprehensive development of bridges and both banks. We investigate and analyze the traffic volume, lingering activities and cross-river walking path in the estuary area of Suzhou Creek. And we found three things. Firstly, the cross-river slow-traffic and lingering space is not smooth and attractive. Secondly, the riverside slow-traffic and lingering space is not continuous and extensive. Thirdly, the bridge slow-traffic and lingering space is not safe and comfortable. Based on these, some optimizing strategies are proposed. For example, it is recommended to construct the continuous cross-river slow-traffic network, to establish the both-bank lingering space system around the center of river, and to build bridges with slow-traffic and lingering functions.

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