The Health Risk Assessment and Characters of Vegetable Pb in Jiutai Suburb

119vegetable samples were collected from Jiutai County vegetable production base, and Pb concentrations were measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). Results showed that the average Pb of vegetable was 0.05 mg·kg-1fresh weight, with only 1.5% above the Safety Requirements. Single-factor contaminant index was utilized for assessment. It was found that vegetable Pb order as following: leaf vegetables>fruit vegetables, dark vegetables>light vegetables. The average daily intake (DI) Pb of per standard person was urban 18.6 ug•d-1and rural 16.7 ug•d-1, as well as economical family 19.1 ug•d-1and poor16.3 ug•d-1, indicating that vegetable Pb in Jiutai County were safety. The Pb health risk was assessed based on the target hazard quotients (THQ). The study showed that THQurban=THQhigh>THQmedium>THQlow=THQrural, indicating the health risk via vegetable consumption in rural was relative lower than that in unban area. Assessment results proved that the vegetables Pb in this area is no health risk to persons.

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A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8285

Author(s):

Patricia Rojas ◽

Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez ◽

Camilo Ríos ◽

Ángel Ruiz-Chow ◽

Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor

Keyword(s):

Health Risk ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Mexico City ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Ginkgo Biloba ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Herbal Products

The use of the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba has increased worldwide. However, G. biloba is capable of assimilating both essential and toxic metals, and the ingestion of contaminated products can cause damage to health. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in 26 items containing Ginkgo biloba (pharmaceutical herbal products, dietary supplements, and traditional herbal remedies) purchased in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. Metal analysis was performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. All of the products were contaminated with Pb, 54% of them with As, and 81% with Cd. The lowest values of Pb, As, and Cd were detected in pharmaceutical herbal products > dietary supplements > traditional herbal remedies. The daily intake dose (DID) of pharmaceutical herbal products was within the established limits for the five metals. Dietary supplements and traditional herbal remedies exceeded the DID limits for Pb. The hazard quotients estimation and non-carcinogenic cumulative hazard estimation index for Mn, As, and Cd indicated no human health risk. Our results suggest that products containing G. biloba for sale in Mexico are not a health risk.

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Trace and Essential Elements Analysis inCymbopogon citratus(DC.) Stapf Samples by Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and Its Health Concern

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2014/690758 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jasha Momo H. Anal

Keyword(s):

Atomic Absorption ◽

Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Health Concern ◽

Permissible Limits ◽

Daily Diet ◽

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽

Gf Aas

Cymbopogon citratus(DC.) Stapf commonly known as lemon grass is used extensively as green tea and even as herbal tea ingredient across the world. Plants have the ability to uptake metals as nutrient from the soil and its environment which are so essential for their physiological and biochemical growth. Concentrations of these twelve trace elements, namely, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, As, Cd, and Pb, are analysed by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS) and are compared with the permissible limits of FAO/WHO, ICMR, and NIH, USA, which are found to be within permissible limits. Toxic metals like As, Cd, and Pb, analysed are within the tolerable daily diet limit and at low concentration.

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Determination of Cd and Cr in tannin samples by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and direct solid sample sequential analysis (HR-CS SS-GF AAS)

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/c5ay00536a ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 3735-3741 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ariane V. Zmozinski ◽

Tatiane Pretto ◽

Aline R. Borges ◽

Maria Goreti R. Vale

Keyword(s):

Sequential Analysis ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Continuum Source ◽

Sequential Determination ◽

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽

Gf Aas ◽

Reliable Analytical Method ◽

Direct Solid

A fast and reliable analytical method for the sequential determination of Cd and Cr in tannin samples by HR-CS SS-GF AAS from the same sample aliquot is proposed.

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The concentration and health risk of potentially toxic elements in black and green tea—both bagged and loose-leaf

Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods ◽

10.15586/qas.v12i3.761 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 140-150

Author(s):

Ali Heshmati ◽

Freshteh Mehri ◽

Javad Karami-Momtaz ◽

Amin Mousavi Khaneghah

Keyword(s):

Health Risk ◽

Green Tea ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Black Tea ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Concentration

The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), among 160 samples of black and green tea—both bagged and loose-leaf—in Iran was determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). Besides, the transfer rate of PTEs from made tea into tea infusion was investigated, and the related health risk for consumers was assessed. According to the results, the content of the PTEs is dependent on the type of tea (black or green), the place of cultivation (Iran or India), and the supplied form (both bagged and loose-leaf). The concentration of Pb, Cd, and As in green tea was significantly lower than black tea (P-value < 0.05). On the other hand, the contents of Zn and Cu in green tea were higher than the corresponding values for black tea. The mean concentration of Pb, As, and Zn in bagged tea samples was significantly higher than those of loose-leaf tea, while the Cd and As levels in Iranian tea samples were significantly lower than the Indian samples. Generally speaking, the mean concentration of Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Cu were 0.59 ± 0.12, 0.12 ± 0.06, 0.16 ± 0.12, 14.23 ± 4.90, and 11.10 ± 2.49 mg kg?1, respectively. The mean transfer rates of Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Cu were 7.78, 6.29, 9.27, 12.91, and 13.08%, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and noncarcinogenic quotient (target hazard quotient [THQ]) due to the ingestion of PTEs besides the carcinogenic risk of As and Cd were considered as acceptable.

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Assessment of exposure to nickel intake with selected cereal grains and cereal-based products

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny ◽

10.32394/rpzh.2020.0142 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 371-376

Author(s):

Monika Mania ◽

Małgorzata Rebeniak ◽

Oksana Orshulyak ◽

Jacek Postupolski

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Health Risk ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Nickel Content ◽

Daily Intake ◽

European Food Safety Authority ◽

Cereal Grains ◽

Cereal Products ◽

Cereal Grain ◽

The Mean

Background. Cereal grains and their products are among the basic components of the diet all over the world. Their consumption varies depending on the dietary habits in each country. Apart from ingredients valuable from a health point of view, these products can also be a source of contaminants. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) included these foodstuffs in the group of main contributors to the dietary exposure to nickel by different groups of the population. Objective. The aim of the studies was to determine the nickel content in cereal grains and selected cereal products commercially available in Poland and to assess the exposure of consumers to nickel intake with these foodstuffs. Material and methods. A total of 56 samples of cereal grain and cereal products from trade were tested. Nickel content was determined after microwave mineralization of the samples by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace atomization (GFAAS). The estimated exposure for the different groups of the population was assessed and compared with the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) value established by the European Food Safety Authority based on an updated risk assessment at 13 μg/kg body weight (b.w.) per day. Results. The mean (MB) and 95th percentile (MB) nickel content in investigated samples of cereal grains and their products were 0.66 mg/kg and 1.93 mg/kg. The mean content of Ni in the analyzed samples of grains was 1.16 mg/kg. Obtained results in this group of products ranged from 0.10 mg/kg for rye to 4.80 mg/kg for millet. In the group of grain products, the mean (MB) concentration of nickel was 0.61 mg/kg (95th percentile (MB) 1.84 mg/kg). The highest nickel level was determined in the samples of bran, groats, and flakes compared to other grain-based products. The highest content of Ni in the group of cereal products was found in the samples of roasted buckwheat 1.81 mg/kg and oat flakes 2.53 mg/kg. Significantly lower nickel content was observed in barley groats as well as for pasta and flour. The estimated average exposure of adults and children to nickel intake with grains and grain-based products ranged from 1.1% to 13.4% of TDI and it does not pose a health risk for consumers. Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the nickel content in the tested samples of cereals and their products does not pose a health risk, even though the contamination of individual samples was significant.

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EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN CHEMICAL MODIFIER PADA ANALISIS LOGAM DAN SEMI LOGAM DENGAN GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY

Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia ◽

10.14203/jkti.v17i2.32 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 163-173

Author(s):

Rosi Ketrin

Keyword(s):

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Atomic Absorption ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Reference Method ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Modifier ◽

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽

Gf Aas ◽

Selection Of ◽

Absorption Level

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GF-AAS) is not a new method in chemical analysis, especially for metals and metalloids, unfortunately there are a lot of laboratories in Indonesia that still not used it correctly, whereas if used it correctly, the method will be an excellent and can be a reference method. This review focus on the kinds of interferences in the GF-AAS such as spectral, physic and chemical interferences and alsoon the use of a lot of kinds of chemical modifier that very important part in analysis by GF-AAS, however it is often unused because of the difficulty. It is noted that highest absorption level from each analyte is different even though used the same modifier and ashing temperature, therefore the selection of chemical modifier is important to find the appropriate modifier for each analyte and their matrixes.Keyword: GF-AAS, spectral interferences, physic interferences, chemical interferences, chemical modifier

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Investigation of spectral interference in the determination of Pb in road dust using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and direct solid sample analysis

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/c7ja00405b ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 593-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Susane Schossler Fick ◽

Flávio Venâncio Nakadi ◽

Fabian Fujiwara ◽

Patricia Smichowski ◽

Maria Goreti R. Vale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphite Furnace ◽

Road Dust ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Spectral Interference ◽

Sample Analysis ◽

Continuum Source ◽

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽

Gf Aas ◽

Direct Solid

Pb determination using HR-CS SS-GF AAS in road dust samples and evaluation of spectral interference.

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RetractedHuman Health Risk of Chromium Intake From Consumption of Poultry Meat and Eggs in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-7.14.30 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (14) ◽

pp. 30-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Md. Shakhaoat Hossain ◽

Prantik Roy ◽

Monira Islam ◽

Md. Alamgir Zaman Chowdhury ◽

Zeenath Fardous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Potential Health ◽

Meat And Eggs ◽

Target Hazard Quotients

Background. Heavy metals contamination of food is a serious threat. Long term exposure may lead to human health risks. Poultry and eggs are a major source of protein, but if contaminated by heavy metals, have the potential to lead to detrimental effects on human health. Objectives. The objective of this study is to determine chromium concentrations in poultry meat (flesh and liver) and eggs collected from poultry farms in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to calculate the daily intake of chromium from the consumption of poultry meat and eggs for adults, and to evaluate their potential health risk by calculating the target hazard quotients (THQ). Methods. All samples of poultry feed, meat (flesh and liver) and eggs were analyzed by a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) (GFA- EX- 7i Shimadju, Japan). Results. Chromium concentrations were recorded in the range of not detected (ND) to 1.3926±0.0010 mg kg−1 and 0.0678±0.0001 mg kg−1 to 1.3764±0.0009 mg kg−1 in the liver of broiler and layer chickens, respectively. Chromium concentrations were determined in the range of 0.069±1.0004 mgkg−1 to 2.0746±0.0021 mg kg−1 and 0.0362±0.0002 mg kg−1 to 1.2752±0.0014 mg kg−1 in the flesh of broiler and layer chicken, respectively. The mean concentration of chromium in eggs was 0.2174−1.08 mg kg.−1 The highest concentration of chromium 2.4196±0.0019 mg kg−1 was found in egg yolk. Target hazard quotients values in all poultry flesh, liver and eggs samples were less than one, indicating no potential health risks to consumers. Conclusions. The estimated daily intake values of chromium were below the threshold limit. Thus, our results indicate that no adverse health effects are expected as a resultof ingestion of chicken fed with tannery waste. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Ethics Approval: This study was approved by the Biosafety, Biosecurity & Ethical Committee of Jahangirnagar University.

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A novel extraction-based procedure for the determination of cadmium in marine macro-algae using HR-CS GF AAS

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/c7ay01283g ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (36) ◽

pp. 5400-5406 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mauana Schneider ◽

Daiane P. C. de Quadros ◽

Bernhard Welz ◽

Eduardo Carasek ◽

Duardo de Oliveira Bastos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Graphite Furnace ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Simple Method ◽

Continuum Source ◽

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽

Gf Aas ◽

Macro Algae

This work proposes a simple method for the determination of Cd in macro-algae by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.

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