Application of ANOVA into the Evaluation of Homogeneity of Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Ri Bo Ning ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Song Ning Xu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Regional Inhomogeneity

The concept of homogeneity of materials and the aim for the evaluation of homogeneity were introduced. It was discussed in detail for the application of one-way ANOVA into the evaluation of homogeneity of materials and the role which a statistical quantity plays in the different range. It can be illustrated that a small F value is necessarily not considered as a criterion of qualified homogeneity. It was also pointed out that the inhomogeneity with sample may cause a small F value. Based on the theoretical explanation, an equation was given for the threshold value of small F. A calculation of the threshold value of small F occurring in the common experiments was made using the routines of numerical integration. An investigation into the origin of small F value was carried out. Moreover, the regional inhomogeneity and its criteria were also shown.

Development of Repeatable Interim Products Utilizing the Common Generic Block Concept

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Richard Lee Storch ◽  
Smith Sukapanpotharam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Stopping Criterion ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Common ◽  
Block Complexity ◽  
Relative Similarity

Productive shipbuilders provide customized or made-to-order products to customers. To date, most of these "world class" companies have succeeded by developing a series of repeatable type blocks, which may be chosen and combined to form products that respond to customer needs. Type blocks have been developed as a result of long experience in customizing ships to specific needs, while maintaining a repeatable build strategy. These are, therefore, empirically based. This paper reports on the early stages of work to develop a theory and methodology for developing type blocks for shipyards that do not currently have them in place and/or lack the historical base from which to extract common blocks. The concept, called Common Generic Block, builds these using the principles of mass customization, a block complexity matrix, grouping using clustering techniques based on production attributes, and applying a threshold value as a stopping criterion for the clustering. This paper describes the general framework of the approach and provides details on the block complexity matrix, used for determining the relative similarity of products to be included in a product family.

scholarly journals Near-Field-Induced Femtosecond Breakdown of Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Plasmonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedek J. Nagy ◽  
Zsuzsanna Pápa ◽  
László Péter ◽  
Christine Prietl ◽  
Joachim R. Krenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spot ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Plasmonic Nanoparticles ◽  
Fs Laser ◽  
The Common ◽  
Localized Plasmons ◽  
Stochastic Damage

Abstract We studied the evolution of femtosecond breakdown in lithographically produced plasmonic nanoparticles with increasing laser intensity. Localized plasmons were generated with 40-fs laser pulses with up to 1.4 × 1012 W/cm2 peak intensity. The damage morphology shows substantial variation with intensity, starting with the detachment of hot spots and stochastic nanoparticle removal. For higher intensities, we observe precise nanolithographic mapping of near-field distributions via ablation. The common feature of these phenomena is the central role played by the single plasmonic hot spot of the triangular nanoparticles used. We also derive a damage threshold value from stochastic damage trends on the arrays fostering the optimization of novel nanoarchitectures for nonlinear plasmonics.

Common generic block: Mass customization for shipbuilding

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Storch ◽  
S Sukapanpotharam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Stopping Criterion ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Customer Needs ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Common ◽  
Block Complexity

Productive shipbuilders provide customized or made-to-order products to customers. To date, most of these ‘world class’ companies have succeeded by developing a series of repeatable type blocks which may be chosen and combined to form products that respond to customer needs. Type blocks have been developed as a result of long experience in customizing ships to specific needs while maintaining a repeatable build strategy. These are therefore empirically based. This paper reports on the early stages of work to develop a theory and methodology for developing type blocks for shipyards that do not currently have them in place and/or lack the historical base from which to extract common blocks. The concept of the common generic block (CGB) builds these using the principles of mass customization, a block complexity matrix, grouping using clustering techniques based on production attributes and applying a threshold value as a stopping criterion for the clustering.

Research on Classification Algorithm of News Pages Based on Domain Ontology

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 2217-2220
Author(s):  
Cai Yun Xie ◽  
Xiao Rong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
The Common ◽  
Law Of Cosines ◽  
Content Similarity ◽  
Semantic Dimension

This paper proposes the classification algorithm of news pages based on domain Ontology. In order to improve the shortage of current classification algorithm that only considers the content similarity, this paper presents the semantic classification method which considers both content similarity and structural correlation. Firstly, it parses the Ontology to get Ontology category vector, extracts keywords of news pages texts and drops semantic dimension. At this time, finding out the same vocabulary and ontology category vector in page texts to constitute the text expectation vector, and then calculating the content similarity between ontology category vector and expectation vector of text by using the law of cosines. Secondly, the common vocabularies are mapped to the ontology hierarchy chart, and the structural relevancy is obtained by calculating weighted path of this directed acyclic graph. Finally, it calculates the correlation degree of the news pages and Ontology by combining both, and determines the category of news pages by judging the size relationship between the result and the initial threshold value.

Transport characteristics of the isolated rectal complex of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1897-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Tupy ◽  
J. Machin
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Water And Ion Transport

The coupling between water and ion transport in the rectal complex of mealworms can be studied further using an in vitro preparation under oil. Preliminary investigations into the properties of such a preparation are described. The preparation remains viable over several hours when sustained with transportable cations, primarily potassium but not sodium, which appears to be the limiting factor in generating long-term water absorption. Potassium is selectively transported by the Malpighian tubules surrounding the rectum, thus generating osmotic forces necessary for water absorption from within the lumen. Reabsorption was studied using sucrose solutions of different concentrations in the rectal lumen. The preparation absorbed water from extremely low water activities down to the same threshold value (aw = 0.88) observed in intact animals. Absorption rates were less than half those observed in vivo, probably because of the viscosity of the sucrose solutions. Transported water emerging from the common duct of the preparation included a significant contribution from the haemolymph.

scholarly journals Academic and sport achievements of the physical culture and sports university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Ihor Zanevskyy ◽  
Lyudmyla Zanevska
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tight Correlation ◽  
One Way Anova

Background and Study Aim. It is widely used a paradigm about the interdependence between the academic and sport achievements of students. The aim of this research was to create a model for studying relationships between academic and sport achievements of the sports and physical culture university students. Material and Methods. Totally 259 (168 male and 91 female) bachelor students of 18–23 years old studied Physical Culture and Sports were involved into the investigation. All the students were good healthy, and they participated in the sport training and competitions, according the common program. Interdependence between the semester control scores and scores of the sport achievements were studied in the frames of correlation models of parameter and non-parameter statistics. Distribution of scores was studied using Kolmogorov – Smirnov method. One-way ANOVA for repeated measures was used to determine differences between students’ scores and educational disciplines’ scores. Results. Almost non-significant weak interdependence between results of the semester control and sport achievements was noticed (р>0.05, 0.174≤rs≤0.284). There were no statistically significant and tight correlation between semester control scores of educational disciplines and corresponding sport achievements scores (|rs|≤0.376). Contrary, in 73% of educational disciplines pairs the semester control scores showed significant and tight correlation (p<0.001, 0.385≤r≤0.895). Conclusions. A well-known paradigm about significant relationship between academic and sport achievements of students was not confirmed with the results of this research and should be studied more profoundly.

scholarly journals Improving Research through Avoiding Common Statistical Errors: The Case of Piosphere

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Eahsan Shahriary ◽  
Thomas E. Gill ◽  
Richard P. Langford ◽  
Musa Hussein ◽  
William L. Hargrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Statistical Errors ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Wrong Interpretation

For many years scientists studied the piosphere concept- a grazing gradient around a natural/artificial watering point. As is the case for other kinds of ecological studies, the method of statistical analyses applied in many publications is not always appropriate. We note there are many statistical errors and misapplication of data analysis techniques. We reviewed 875 piosphere-related publications between 1915-2018 to find the common statistical methods and common statistical errors in the design of the study, data analyses, presentation of results, and interpretation of study findings. One-way ANOVA, multiple linear regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, permutational multivariate analysis of variance, canonical correspondence analysis, and mean were the most frequent statistical methods applied. Seventy-one common statistical errors in piosphere publications were found. The most common errors were not choosing the proper or appropriate statistical techniques, not checking the assumptions and diagnostics of statistical methods, partial and wrong interpretation of results, and not using informative figures and tables to help readers. Negligence to the proper application of statistics by researchers results in inaccurate interpretation and spurious conclusions. It is recommended researchers seek advice from statisticians at the early stages of research to save resources, time, and labor and to provide increased trust in recommendations and findings.

The Eulerian Picture Principles of the Eulerian Approach to Modeling the Transport of Solutes

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Heterogeneous Media ◽  
Concentration Field ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Heterogeneous Porous Media ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
Statistical Moment ◽  
Fluid Body ◽  
The Common ◽  
Effects Of Media

In this chapter we consider the diffusive and mixing properties of fluids moving in heterogeneous porous media by means of Eulerian velocity fields. We shall discuss here the basic principles of advection and dispersion in heterogeneous media from an Eulerian perspective. The common theme for the various methods we shall explore is the treatment of the concentration as an SRF. The first approach models the concentration through its statistical moments, such as the expected value and the variance, and computes them through a set of differential equations, an equation for each statistical moment. The second approach is MC based, and it computes an ensemble of physically plausible realizations of the concentration field, which can then be used for computing the statistics of the concentration, and from there the probability of events such as the concentration exceeding a threshold value at specified locations and times. Let us emphasize that stochastic modeling of contaminant transport is not just about the effects of media heterogeneity. There is also room for stochastic modeling in uniform media if there is uncertainty with regard to the media's parameters. Prediction with parameter error is discussed in chapter 13. Let us consider the case of passive solutes which are injected into a fluid body at rest.

Construct a Multi Criteria Decision Making Tool

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-An Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Application Software ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Common ◽  
Decision Making Tool

When dealing with multi-criteria decision-making problems in both engineering and management research fields, DEMATEL is one of the common methods applied by the researchers. However, so far there is no any easy-to-use DEMATEL application software. Moreover, for DEMATEL, the threshold value setup may vary in different researchers. Later MMDE method was developed, which could obtain clear threshold value. However, its concept and complicated computing process hinder the common researchers to use it quickly. Without any related application software either, it is quite inconvenient to the researchers. Therefore, the study develops an application software that combines with these two methods and incorporates with friendly interfaces. In the paper, it takes how to develop Taiwan into a passenger transport center of East Asia as an example, to illustrate the operation and application of the software. It provides the researchers using DEMATEL and MMDE methods with an excellent and easy-to-good tool.

scholarly journals Historical Graph Management in Dynamic Environments

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungsoo Bok ◽  
Gihoon Kim ◽  
Jongtae Lim ◽  
Jaesoo Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Dynamic Graph ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
The Common ◽  
Graph Management ◽  
Over Time

Since dynamic graph data continuously change over time, it is necessary to manage historical data for accessing a snapshot graph at a specific time. In this paper, we propose a new historical graph management scheme that consists of an intersection snapshot and a delta snapshot to enhance storage utilization and historical graph accessibility. The proposed scheme constantly detects graph changes and calculates a common subgraph ratio between historical graphs over time. If the common subgraph ratio is lower than a threshold value, the intersection snapshot stores the common subgraphs within a time interval. A delta snapshot stores the subgraphs that are not contained in the intersection snapshot. Several delta snapshots are connected to the intersection snapshot to maintain the modified subgraph over time. The efficiency of storage space is improved by managing common subgraphs stored in the intersection snapshot. Furthermore, the intersection and delta snapshots can be connected to search a graph at a specific time. We show the superiority of the proposed scheme through various performance evaluations.

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