Study on Settlement after Construction for the High Loess-Filled Embankment

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 613-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Hu ◽  
Yu Wen Ju ◽  
Wen Zheng Wang ◽  
Xue Mei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
East Central ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Observation Results

Engineers and researchers pay close attention to high-filled embankment project with loess as its main filler. In order to study its characteristics and settlement rules, a series of laboratory tests on the fillers and in situ observation based on the actual project located in the east central of Taiyuan were made. These work resulted in some settlement curves for the each soil layer. Then some basic physical properties of loess were get at the same time. Observation results were analyzed and the influence of different factors on the settlement curves were discussed.After considering various factors,effective construction suggestions were raised to control the dry density and moisture content in order to decrease the settlement of embankment and improve the quality of the construction.

In-Situ Observation of Chemical Vapor Deposition of Thin Sige Films by Optical Reflection Interferometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ritter ◽  
B. Tillack ◽  
M. Weidner ◽  
F. G. Böbel ◽  
B. Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Optical Reflection ◽  
Initial Stage

AbstractChemical Vapor Deposition of Si1-x Gex – films on Si (100) and of polycrystalline Si1-x Gex, layers on SiO2 – coated substrates have been performed at a pressure of 200 Pa in the temperature range of 500°C – 800°C, correspondingly. To observe the growth process and to characterize the growing thin films at deposition conditions an optical reflection interferometer (PYRITIERS) has been used. Comparing the data obtained at growth temperature with ex- situ measurements by spectroscopic ellipsometry the temperature dependence of optical constants of SiGe films have been evaluated. The reflectivity measurements during the deposition process allow to study the quality of the heteroepitaxial film, even in the initial stage of epitaxial growth.

scholarly journals Work Ergonomic Analysis: Application of a Postural Study on the Oysters Cultivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Giselle Mari Speck ◽  
Cristhiane Guertler ◽  
Walter Quadros Seiffert ◽  
Lizandra Garcia Lupi Vergara ◽  
Eugenio Andrés Díaz Merino
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
Ergonomic Analysis ◽  
Rapid Entire Body Assessment

O cultivo de moluscos marinhos é uma atividade de grande importância no Brasil proporcionando a geração de emprego e renda para pescadores artesanais e comunidades pesqueiras, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento local.  Entretanto, este tipo de cultivo ainda é realizado de forma bastante artesanal com intensa utilização de mão de obra. Diante disso, este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma descrição das posturas e movimentos de maricultores durante a realização da atividade de classificação de ostras. Participaram voluntariamente dez funcionários de uma fazenda marinha no município de Florianópolis, SC. Para análise da postura e movimentos, utilizou-se o método Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) e método NIOSH juntamente com a observação in loco e entrevistas com os maricultores. A tarefa de classificação de ostras  apresenta médio risco de lesão ou doenças ocupacionais, principalmente na região cervical e membros superiores, pois é desenvolvida com acentuada flexão de cabeça e ombros, o que exige muito da musculatura envolvida para manter a postura e realizar movimentos repetitivos. Muitos trabalhadores apresentam dores musculares nos ombros, lombar, mãos, punhos e dedos. Adaptações simples e economicamente viáveis devem ser adotadas, pois através da avaliação ergonômica é possível realizar intervenções que estão ao alcance dos trabalhadores. Necessita-se transmitir os conhecimentos para que os trabalhadores tenham consciência das posturas que devem adotar na realização desta atividade aquícola e assim promover uma melhor qualidade de vida desta população.Palavras-chave: Aquicultura. Ergonomia. Saúde do Trabalhador.AbstractThe cultivation of marine mollusks is an activity of great importance in Brazil, providing employment and income for artisanal fishermen and fishing communities, contributing to local development. However, this type of cultivation is still carried out in a very handmade way with intense use of labor. The objective of this study was to describe the postures and movements of fish farmers during the oyster classification activity. Ten employees of a marine farm participated in the municipality of Florianópolis, SC. For the analysis of the posture and movements, the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and NIOSH method were used along with in situ observation and interviews with the workers. The task of oysters classification  presents an average risk of injury or occupational diseases, especially in the cervical region and upper limbs, as it is developed with marked flexion of the head and shoulders, which requires a lot of the muscles involved to maintain the posture and perform repetitive movements. Many workers have muscle pains in the shoulders, lower back, hands, wrists and fingers. Simple and economically viable adaptations should be adopted, because through ergonomic evaluation it is possible to carry out interventions that are within the reach of the workers. It is necessary to transmit  knowledge so that the workers are aware of the postures that they must adopt in the accomplishment of this aquaculture activity and thus to promote a better quality of life of this population.Keywords: Aquaculture. Ergonomics. Occupational Health.

Highly Purified Glucose Isomerase Crystals Under Microgravity Conditions Grow as Fast as Those on the Ground Do

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Glucose Isomerase ◽  
Spiral Growth ◽  
Protein Crystals ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Lateral Growth ◽  
Impurity Incorporation ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

<p>Suppression of convection flows (solute transportation) and that of impurity incorporation into crystals seem to be the main reasons why the quality of protein crystals becomes better under microgravity conditions, whereas each precise mechanism has not been completely clarified yet. We tried to clarify the former reason by the in-situ observation of spiral growth hillocks on the {110} faces of highly purified glucose isomerase (GI) crystals under microgravity conditions and on the ground. Lateral growth rates <i>V</i><sub>lateral</sub> of a spiral hillock on the {110} face of a glucose isomerase crystal in situ under microgravity conditions and step velocities <i>V</i><sub>step</sub> of the same configuration on the ground took similar values as far as the maximum values are compared each other. This similarity indicates there are less influences of the convection flows on the growth rates of protein crystals contrary to conventional expectations.</p>

Detecting the landslide vulnerability in the epicentre of Wenchuan Earthquake via SBAS-InSAR method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
River Valleys

&lt;p&gt;Valleys in the epicentre of Wenchuan Earthquake (Sichuan Province, China) are severely subjected to landside risks partially due to the persistent influences of the serious earthquake in 2008. Without enough regionally in-situ monitoring measures, the method of multi-temporal, differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) provides an efficient to monitor the surface subsidence and thus the landslide vulnerability. In this&amp;#160;study,&amp;#160;we used the Sentinel Satellite Images (2015-2018) to extract the subsidence information along river valleys near the Wenchuan Earth epicentre, which was well validated by the in-situ observation of one GPS station (RSME=1.6 cm, p&lt;0.01). Our results showed the persistent ground subsidence (1.5 mm yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, p&lt;0.01) at many places, which was also related to terrain aspect besides to the well-proved conditions of slope, vegetation cover and soil layer. This fact that implied the terrain aspect should be taken into accounts in landside vulnerability analyses, because precipitation is locally more abundant in windward places. Results emphasized the higher vulnerability of landslide in summer, which could be attributed to more precipitation during summer in the study area. Our study extracted over 100-km valleys (and especially ~50 places) with high landslide vulnerability (subsidence rate &gt; 1.20 mm yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), which should be paid high-prior careful attentions so as to avoid potential geological disasters.&lt;/p&gt;

Highly Purified Glucose Isomerase Crystals Under Microgravity Conditions Grow as Fast as Those on the Ground Do

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Glucose Isomerase ◽  
Spiral Growth ◽  
Protein Crystals ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Lateral Growth ◽  
Impurity Incorporation ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

<p>Suppression of convection flows (solute transportation) and that of impurity incorporation into crystals seem to be the main reasons why the quality of protein crystals becomes better under microgravity conditions, whereas each precise mechanism has not been completely clarified yet. We tried to clarify the former reason by the in-situ observation of spiral growth hillocks on the {110} faces of highly purified glucose isomerase (GI) crystals under microgravity conditions and on the ground. Lateral growth rates <i>V</i><sub>lateral</sub> of a spiral hillock on the {110} face of a glucose isomerase crystal in situ under microgravity conditions and step velocities <i>V</i><sub>step</sub> of the same configuration on the ground took similar values as far as the maximum values are compared each other. This similarity indicates there are less influences of the convection flows on the growth rates of protein crystals contrary to conventional expectations.</p>

In situ observation of lithium metal plating in a sulfur-based solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 13650-13657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Heon Kim ◽  
KiHong Kim ◽  
Hyungkook Choi ◽  
Dongmin Im ◽  
Sung Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Plating ◽  
Solid State Batteries ◽  
All Solid State Batteries ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Real Time Observation

The in situ AES/AEM technique for practical all-solid-state batteries with sulfur-based solid electrolytes was developed and the real time observation of Li dendrite growth was successfully achieved.

Experimental Research on Application of Dynamic Compaction for the Treatment of Collapsible Loess Foundation

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hui Guo ◽  
Hai Jian Sun ◽  
Bao Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Dynamic Compaction ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Foundation Treatment ◽  
Collapsible Loess ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Research On Application

The experiment on foundation improvement by dynamic compaction in Collapsible Loess foundation of the power plant was made. Before and after the experiment, kinds of in-situ and laboratory tests were performed .Through these tests, the influence of the dynamic compaction on the character of the soil, such as dry density, collapsibility, bearing capacity is analyzed. The effective depth of improvement of foundation is calculated and the conclusion of the efficiency of the foundation treatment by dynamic compaction is made. The choosing of techniques and parameter of the dynamic compaction also is elaborated in the paper, which make an example for other similar construction in the future.

scholarly journals Validative considerations on groundwater evaluation modelling in use of the in-situ observation results

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133
Author(s):  
Tomonari SHIRAISHI ◽  
Makoto NISHIGAKI ◽  
Hideyuki SAKURAI
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Observation Results

scholarly journals Subsidence Prediction of Overburden Strata and Ground Surface in Shallow Coal Seam Mining

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Cao ◽  
Qingxiang Huang ◽  
Lingfei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Key Stratum ◽  
Shallow Coal Seam ◽  
Seam Mining ◽  
Overburden Strata

Abstract Shallow coal seam with thick soil layer is widely reserved in the Jurassic Coalfield, Western China, mining-induced subsidence represents complex characteristics. Combining with physical simulation, theoretical analysis and in-situ observation, the overburden strata structure in dip direction were revealed, and the subsidence prediction models were established, based on this, the subsidence equations of overburden strata and ground surface were proposed. The results show that after shallow coal seam mining, based on the subsidence and movement characteristics, the overburden strata structure can be divided into three zones, which are "boundary pillar F-shape zone" (BPZ), "trapezoid goaf zone" (TGZ) and "coal pillar inverted trapezoidal zone" (CPZ). The subsidence of overburden strata depends on the key stratum, while the subsidence of soil layer depends on the bedrock subsidence basin, which is between the bedrock and thick soil layer. The bedrock subsidence is mainly related to mining height and bulking coefficient in TGZ, while it is mainly affected by mining height and distribution load on the key stratum in BPZ and CPZ. According to physical simulation and theoretical model, the maximum surface subsidence of No.1–2 seam mining in Ningtiaota coal mine are 1.1m and 1.07m respectively, which is basically consistence with the result of in-situ observation (1.2m).

scholarly journals Subsidence prediction of overburden strata and ground surface in shallow coal seam mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Cao ◽  
Qingxiang Huang ◽  
Lingfei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Key Stratum ◽  
Shallow Coal Seam ◽  
Seam Mining ◽  
Overburden Strata

AbstractShallow coal seam with thick soil layer is widely reserved in the Jurassic Coalfield, Western China, mining-induced subsidence represents complex characteristics. Combining with physical simulation, theoretical analysis and in-situ observation, the overburden strata structure in dip direction were revealed, and the subsidence prediction models were established, based on this, the subsidence equations of overburden strata and ground surface were proposed. The results show that after shallow coal seam mining, based on the subsidence and movement characteristics, the overburden strata structure can be divided into three zones, which are "boundary pillar F-shape zone" (BPZ), "trapezoid goaf zone" (TGZ) and "coal pillar inverted trapezoidal zone" (CPZ). The subsidence of overburden strata depends on the key stratum, while the subsidence of soil layer depends on the bedrock subsidence basin, which is between the bedrock and thick soil layer. The bedrock subsidence is mainly related to mining height and bulking coefficient in TGZ, while it is mainly affected by mining height and distribution load on the key stratum in BPZ and CPZ. According to physical simulation and theoretical model, the maximum surface subsidence of No.1-2 seam mining in Ningtiaota coal mine are 1.1 m and 1.07 m respectively, which is basically consistence with the result of in-situ observation (1.2 m).

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