Development of Three-Axis Mini Milling Machine for Small Scale Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Mohd Hadzley ◽  
Muhammad Hafiz Samsudin ◽  
Mohd Najib Zamri ◽  
Raja Izamshah Raja Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Shahir Kasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
High Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Test

This paper presents the processes to develop a cost-effective small scale 3-axis CNC milling machine. The designed machine tool consisted of stepper motors, bearing, linear guide, ball screw mounting systems, inverter and electronic controller, in which all of these are assembled together in a form of 3-axis operating system. The machine has a built up with the size of 1000 mm (length) × 1000 mm (width) × 650 mm (long) accompanied with a worktable with a dimension of 300 mm (length) × 300 mm (width) × 20 mm (long), and 24,000 rpm maximum spindle speed. To control the movement of the machine, open source software was utilized with the aid of G-Codes to assign the movement of the CNC axes. From the machining test, the machine was found to be capable to machine a metal work piece with high cutting speed and reasonable accuracy. The machine developed in this study offers efficiency and flexibility in the manufacturing production which enables to reduce capital cost due to the small-scale facility.

Application of Taguchi and Response Surface Methodologies for Surface Roughness in Rotary Tool Polishing Hardness Mould Steels

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Potejanasak Potejana ◽  
Chakthong Thongchattu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Polishing Process ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine

This research proposes a new application of 3-axis CNC milling machine for polishing the 60 HRC hardness steels. The rotary polishing tools are designed by refer to the end-mill ball nose’s design. The diamond powder are coated in rotary polishing tools by resinoid bonding method and concentrated in 4.4 karat/cm2. The Zig-milling tool paths are used to polish the hardness steel. After polishing, the confocal laser scanning microscope is used to analyze the arithmetic mean surface roughness of the hardness steels. The L12 orthogonal array of the Taguchi’s method is selected to conduct the matrix experiment to determine the optimal polishing process parameters. The diamond grit size and cutting speed of the rotary polishing tools, feed rate and step over of the tool path, the depth of polishing process penetration, and polishing time are used to study. The combination of the optimal level for each factor of the hardness steel polishing process are used to study again in the confirmation experiment. The predicted signal to noise ratio of smaller - the better under optimal condition are calculated by using the data from the experiment. The combination of the optimal level for each factor are used to study again in the confirmation experiment and the result show that polishing time was a dominant parameter for the surface roughness and the next was depth of penetration. The response surface design is then used to build the relationship between the input parameters and output responses. The experimental results show that the integrated approach does indeed find the optimal parameters that result in very good output responses in the rotary polishing tools polished hardness mould steel using CNC milling machine. The mean surface roughness of hardness steel polishing process is improved by the diamond rotary tools with the 3-axis CNC milling machine.

scholarly journals Development of CNC Milling Machine for Small Scale Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1068 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
Wasis Nugroho ◽  
Damhuji Rifai ◽  
Aminul Hakim Embong ◽  
Kamarul Adnan Abd Aziz ◽  
Ahmad Siraji Embong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Small Scale Industry

scholarly journals Effect of Stiffness of Rolling Joints on the Dynamic Characteristic of Ball Screw Feed Systems in a Milling Machine

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dazhong Wang ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Tongchao Zhang ◽  
Keyong Wang ◽  
Akira Rinoshika
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Dynamic Characteristic ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Screw Feed

Dynamic characteristic of ball screw feed system in a milling machine is studied numerically in this work. In order to avoid the difficulty in determining the stiffness of rolling joints theoretically, a dynamic modeling method for analyzing the feed system is discussed, and a stiffness calculation method of the rolling joints is proposed based on the Hertz contact theory. Taking a 3-axis computer numerical control (CNC) milling machine set ermined as a research object, the stiffness of its fixed joint between the column and the body together with the stiffness parameters of the rolling joints is evaluated according to the Takashi Yoshimura method. Then, a finite element (FE) model is established for the machine tool. The correctness of the FE model and the stiffness calculation method of the rolling joints are validated by theoretical and experimental modal analysis results of the machine tool’s workbench. Under the two modeling methods of joints incorporating the stiffness parameters and rigid connection, a theoretical modal analysis is conducted for the CNC milling machine. The natural frequencies and modal shapes reveal that the joints’ dynamic characteristic has an important influence on the dynamic performance of a whole machine tool, especially for the case with natural frequency and higher modes.

Versatile Work Holding Device for Hole Drilling in Small-Scale Production Workshops

2007 ◽  
Vol 18-19 ◽  
pp. 481-486
Author(s):  
John U. Okoli ◽  
Tamuno K. Jinyemiema
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plates ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Holding Device ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Set Up

This devise addresses the inadequacies of providing a quick means of holding jobs of irregular shapes such as are encountered in small scale fabrication workshops. The conventional bench vise often does not provide the adequate grip for such shapes so that attachments in the form of V blocks are usually provided to enhance the grip before drilling operations are carried out. This versatile work holding device enables fabricators to perform drilling and other production operations on a work piece. This device produced from mild steel plates uses the toggle principle to provide rapid grip. Comparative tests on time span in the use of this device and the bench vice for job set up, production operation and then disassembly showed that time is gained with use of the device.

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for Small-Scale Farms in Developed Economies: Challenges and Opportunities

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa R. Grasswitz
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Usa

Small-scale farms are an important component of agricultural production even in developed economies, and have an acknowledged role in providing other biological and societal benefits, including the conservation of agricultural biodiversity and enhancement of local food security. Despite this, the small-farm sector is currently underserved in relation to the development and implementation of scale-appropriate Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices that could help increase such benefits. This review details some of the characteristics of the small farm sectors in developed economies (with an emphasis on the USA and Europe), and identifies some of the characteristics of small farms and their operators that may favor the implementation of IPM. Some of the challenges and opportunities associated with increasing the uptake of IPM in the small-farm sector are discussed. For example, while some IPM tactics are equally applicable to virtually any scale of production, there are others that may be easier (or more cost-effective) to implement on a smaller scale. Conversely, there are approaches that have not been widely applied in small-scale production, but which nevertheless have potential for use in this sector. Examples of such tactics are discussed. Knowledge gaps and opportunities for increasing IPM outreach to small-scale producers are also identified.

Sister Robots - food and medicine carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Bikash Gurung ◽  
Anil Singh ◽  
Pankaj Japrel ◽  
Rishan Joshi ◽  
Prithvi Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Isolation Room

Sister Robots - ‘Food and Medicine Carrier Robot’ are manually controlled robots which can be used in Corona Testing Hospital where health representatives or medical professionals need to carry food and medicine from the kitchen of the hospital to the patient isolation room. Robotics Association of Nepal [RAN] along with Team Robonauts, Team Kantibir and Team Oztec have developed the different versions of Sister Robots. The first version of the Robot - Sister V.1 is now working at the provincial hospital of Province no. 3, Hetauda Hospital. The Robot was built in support of Nepal Engineers’ Association [NEA] and handed over to Honorable Chief Minister, Province No.3 Dormani Poudel. Sister V.1 can help frontline health professionals communicate with COVID-19 suspected/infected patients in the isolation room, deliver essential foods and medicines as well. Sister V.1 took 20 days for its completion. The development team further developed second version of Sister Robot [Sister V.2]. First piece of Sister V.2 has been completed and 5 more are on the verge of development. Armed Police Force [APF] Hospital has made a trial of Sister V.2. Sister V.2 has been upgraded with a double 12V 8000MAH battery system for higher power performance, dual FPV camera system for Top 90 degree rotation back view and Front 180 degree bottom view. Food and Medicine can be easily delivered and COVID-19 can sanitize their hands with automatic sanitizer as well. Phase 1 product development has been completed and Phase 2 small scale production is currently running. The phases are defined based on the upgrade of the Robots as the team believes in iteration of the robot and customization as well. Mass scale production of Sister Robots on phase 3 Version 3 [Sister V.3] will consist of different lines of Robots with different specifications. More cost effective technologies will be introduced and automation will be a priority of Robot development. Research Center for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST) and Sagarmatha Engineering College collaborated with RAN for 6 more robots to develop financially. Phase 3 focuses in bringing Sister V.3 at each and every hospital in Nepal through collaborative partnerships and safety campaigns.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PARAMETER PERMESINAN TERHADAP WAKTU PROSES PADA PEMROGRAMAN CNC MILLING DENGAN BERBASIS CAD/CAM

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I G.N.K. Yudhyadi ◽  
Tri Rachmanto ◽  
Adnan Dedy Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Machining Parameter

Milling process is one of many machining processes for manufacturing component. The length of time in the process of milling machining is influenced by selection and design of machining parameters including cutting speed, feedrate and depth of cut. The purpose of this study to know the influence of cutting speed, feedrate and depth of cut as independent variables versus operation time at CNC milling process as dependent variables. Each independent variable consists of three level of factors; low, medium and high.Time machining process is measured from operation time simulation program, feed cut length and rapid traverse length. The results of statistically from software simulation MasterCam X Milling, then do comparison to CNC Milling machine.  The data from experiments was statistical analyzed by Anova and Regression methods by software minitab 16.Results show that the greater feedrate and depth of cut shorten the operation time of machinery, whereas cutting speed is not significant influence. Depth of cut has the most highly contribution with the value of 49.56%, followed by feedrate 43% and cutting speed 0.92%. Optimal time of machining process total is 71.92 minutes, with machining parameter on the condition cutting speed is 75360 mm/minutes, feedrate is 800 mm/minutes and depth of cut = 1 mm. Results of comparison time machining process in software Mastercam X milling with CNC Milling machine indicates there is difference not significant with the value of 0,35%.

scholarly journals Direct cryopreservation of poultry/avian embryonic reproductive cells: A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuanjun Hu ◽  
Lorna Taylor ◽  
Adrian Sherman ◽  
Christian Keambou Tiambo ◽  
Steven J Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Climate Resilience

Chickens are an important resource for smallholder farmers who raise locally adapted, genetically distinct breeds for eggs and meat. The development of efficient reproductive technologies to conserve and regenerate chicken breeds safeguards existing biodiversity and secures poultry genetic resources for climate resilience, biosecurity, and future food production. The majority of the over 1600 breeds of chicken are raised in low and lower to middle income countries (LMICs) under resource limited, small scale production systems, which necessitates a low tech, cost effective means of conserving diversity is needed. Here, we validate a simple biobanking technique using cryopreserved embryonic chicken gonads. The gonads are quickly isolated, visually sexed, pooled by sex, and cryopreserved. Subsequently, the stored material is thawed and dissociated before injection into sterile host chicken embryos. By using pooled GFP and RFP-labelled donor gonadal cells and Sire Dam Surrogate (SDS) mating, we demonstrate that chicks deriving entirely from male and female donor germ cells are hatched. This technology will enable ongoing efforts to conserve chicken genetic diversity for both commercial and small holder farmers, and to preserve existing genetic resources at poultry research facilities.

Robotic Handling of Jet Engine Turbine Blade Using Collaborative Robot

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Sahay ◽  
Janet Dong ◽  
Caleb Bisig ◽  
Ou Ma
Keyword(s):  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Collaborative Robot

Abstract The work discussed in this paper is a part of the project to build an automated robotic cell for removing two tabs from a Jet Engine Turbine Blade using a 3-axis CNC milling machine and for laser marking several lines of part information onto the blade body. The two tabs are extensions of the Turbine Blade, in which the necessary part information is ingrained. The part information is used as the identification of the Turbine Blade throughout its entire manufacturing process. The two tabs also serve as anchors during the milling of the body of the Turbine Blade in a 5-axis CNC machine. Once the milling of the blade body is done, the two tabs will be removed from the blade body. Removing tabs is currently being done in the same 5-axis CNC milling machine. It is expensive and wastes 5-axis machine time. Therefore, using a 3-axis CNC milling machine to remove tabs is proposed with a robot to tend machines to be cost-effective. Due to the complexity of the Turbine Blade having 3-D wavy geometry, it adds challenges in undertaking any operations on the blade with automation. As automation is becoming relevant in many industries including the Aerospace, the method discussed in this paper can be used as a general guideline for carrying out material handling tasks with a thin part of wavy geometry by using a collaborative robot.

The Design of Feed Drive System of Economical CNC Milling Machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 780-783
Author(s):  
Xiao Jing Yang ◽  
Jia Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Transmission Scheme ◽  
Feed Drive ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Feed Drive System

The feed drive system is important functional components which effects on precision and efficiency of transmission and cost of CNC milling machine tools. So the designe of the feed drive system of economical CNC milling machine tool is researched. Firtsly the general design scheme which includes the transmission scheme and basic parameters of CNC milling machine tool is determined. Then according to the milling force calculated during mill processing, linear rolling guide, ball screw and stepping motor of X axis and Y axis of feed drive system are respectively calculated, selected and checked in detail. Using the Solid works software for 3D modeling and assembly of mechanical parts of feed drive system, By the scheme comparison, selecting the CNC system of Huazhong century star HNC-21 and accomplishing the electrical connection of CNC system.The feed drive system of economical CNC milling machine in the desing is high performance and low cost,and meet accuracy requirement.

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