Durability of Composites Based on Asphalt

2015 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Petr Mondschein ◽  
Adam Konvalinka ◽  
Pavel Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Cement Composite ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Delay Condition ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Cover Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
Repair Cycle

High traffic load and high temperatures are two crucial aspects, which cause together with static treatment of transport, respectively slow traffic, permanent deformations in the construction of flexible pavement (the cover layer of asphalt). Standard asphalt adjustments are not able to withstand such loads. For these reasons they are looking at ways to increase the functionality of asphalt mixtures and extend their lifespan, respectively delay condition, where it is not possible to use it comfortably. On the road is necessary to look at the whole life cycle and give priority in justified cases to demanding investment solutions, which thanks to longer durability and longer repair cycle will be cheaper. Such solutions are composite materials based on asphalt. Among them are technology of asphalt and cement composite (ACC), which uses strengths of both used materials, or by analogy with the principle of concrete reinforcement in asphalt mixtures. This article presents the characteristics of both technologies, their properties and points to the longer life of the construction of roads in their application.

Research on the Road Performance of the AC-25 Asphalt Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 1593-1598
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Li ◽  
Wen Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Central Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
On The Road

In this paper, firstly, based on asphalt pavement central layer, the comparison with the foreign related gradation of asphalt mixtures, one typical kinds of gradations are decided; Secondly, the asphalt aggregate ratio is predicted based on professor Lin’s Theory , and five asphalt aggregate ratio are selected. Finally, the road performance of asphalt mixture is experimented, and the road performance of five asphalt aggregate ratio is analyzed. As a result, we can predict the range of the optimum asphalt aggregate ratio based on the road performance.

scholarly journals Deformation Parameters and Fatigue of the Recycled Asphalt Mixtures

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Juraj Šrámek
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Deformation Complex

Abstract The deformational properties of asphalt mixtures measured by dynamic methods and fatigue allow a design the road to suit the expected traffic load. Quality of mixtures is also expressed by the resistance to permanent deformation. Complex modulus of stiffness and fatigue can reliably characterize the proposed mixture of asphalt pavement. The complex modulus (E*) measurement of asphalt mixtures are carried out in laboratory of Department of Construction Management at University of Žilina by two-point bending test method on trapezoid-shaped samples. Today, the fatigue is verified on trapezoid-shaped samples and is assessed by proportional strain at 1 million cycles (ε6). The test equipment and software is used to evaluate fatigue and deformation characteristics.

scholarly journals Roads at risk – traffic detours from debris flows in southern Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 6623-6651 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Meyer ◽  
W. Schwanghart ◽  
O. Korup ◽  
F. Nadim
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Link Failure ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Globalization and interregional exchange of people, goods, and services has boosted the importance of and reliance on all kinds of transport networks. The linear structure of road networks is especially sensitive to natural hazards. In southern Norway, steep topography and extreme weather events promote frequent traffic disruption caused by debris flows. Topographic susceptibility and trigger frequency maps serve as input into a hazard appraisal at the scale of first-order catchments to quantify the impact of debris flows on the road network in terms of a failure likelihood of each link connecting two network vertices, e.g., road junctions. We compute total additional traffic loads as a function of traffic volume and excess distance, i.e. the extra length of an alternative path connecting two previously disrupted network vertices using a shortest-path algorithm. Our risk metric of link failure is the total additional annual traffic load expressed as vehicle kilometers because of debris-flow related road closures. We present two scenarios demonstrating the impact of debris flows on the road network, and quantify the associated path failure likelihood between major cities in southern Norway. The scenarios indicate that major routes crossing the central and northwestern part of the study area are associated with high link failure risk. Yet options for detours on major routes are manifold, and incur only little additional costs provided that drivers are sufficiently well informed about road closures. Our risk estimates may be of importance to road network managers and transport companies relying of speedy delivery of services and goods.

scholarly journals SERAT ECENG GONDOK SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF ADMIXTURE PADA LASTON TIPE XI SNI 03-1737-1989 DITINJAU TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI UJI MARSHALL

Jurnal CIVILA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Errine Yulia Rizqi Intanti ◽  
Zulkifli Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Marshall Stability

In Indonesia, the road construction has experienced a fairly good development. From a wide range of road constructions, flexible pavement is the most chosen one because its characteristics: easy, fast, and efficient. However, flexible pavement has many weaknesses, for example the premature damage on the road surface after some time passed by the traffic so that the road cannot reach the planned age. For that, it is done a research to add a hot asphalt mixture material that aims to improve the quality of the mixture results. The selected ingredient is natural water hyacinth. The method used is trial and error with reference of SNI 03-1737-1989. Variations used are 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% of the asphalt weight, asphalt level used is 5.72 %. Of the 5 variations of mixture used on Type XI Asphalt Concrete Layer, it is obtained the result that the water hyacinth fiber level which has the best score and meet the specifications of SNI 03-1737-1989 is on the percentage of 6% which obtained from calculation data using graphs and regression model where Marshall Stability is equal to 644,46 Kg, flow 3,39 mm, VMA (voids in the mineral aggregate) is equal to 13,83 %, VFWA (voids filled with asphalt) is equal to 65,35%, VIM (voids in the mix) is equal to 2,52 %, density of 2.31 gr/cc, and Marshall Quotient of 164.03 Kg / mm.

scholarly journals Analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of rigid and flexible pavements

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (11) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Antoni Szydło ◽  
Piotr Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Cost Assessment ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost

The costs of construction and the future maintenance of expressways and motorways have a significant impact on the choice of technologies for their construction. The subject of the article is the analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of rigid (concrete) and flexible (asphalt mixtures) pavements in Poland. The construction technologies and maintenance scenarios in service were analysed for selected pavement constructions of rigid and flexible motorways and expressways. The costs of construction and maintenance of these pavements in national conditions were determined. The fourth quarter of 2015 was adopted as the initial price level. On the basis of the analysis of the costs of construction and maintenance of the analysed structures, the advantage of rigid constructions made of cement concrete was demonstrated, especially in the aspect of the surface maintenance. The cost assessment was carried out for 30 years of exploitation. The concrete pavements on the road network in Poland have been used for over 20 years. They are present both on low-class roads and on the highest-class roads, i.e. motorways and expressways.

scholarly journals Manual RC Box Culvert Analysis and Designing

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Ayaanle Maxamed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Box Culvert

The culvert is small structures that are required for the under roads and its uses for the crossing of water like streams under the roads. The culvert structure balances the water flow on both sides of the roads, also is protecting and balance of the embankment to reduce the water flow level. There are different types of culverts shapes, and they are circle, arch, Slap & box; therefore, these can be constructed by using different materials like; stones, bricks, reinforced cement concrete. Since the culvert crossing under the earthen embankment, so the culvert is subjecting a traffic load similarly as the roads carry; therefore, they required to be designed for such loads the acting on the surface of the culvert. This project is dealing with the RCC box culvert with and without cushions. The cushion depends on the road profile at the culvert location.

ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC LOAD–INDUCED STRESSES OF EMBANKMENT

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Zakarka
Keyword(s):  
Triaxial Test ◽  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Horizontal Stress ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Maximum Horizontal Stress

This article represents traffic loads on the road structure distribution and evaluation of the vertical and horizontal stresses formation in the soil embankment. This evaluation allows to predict the depth and intensity of the propagation of additional stresses resulting from traffic loads. The calculations were performed in accordance with four normative documents applied in Lithuania, which define the loads on the road structure. The obtained results showed that the area to which the load is distributed has the greatest influence on the intensity of stresses and the distance of propagation. The maximum horizontal stress in the embankment was found to be no more than 70 kPa and the maximum stress propagation depth did not exceed 0.9 m. The results can be applied to a triaxial test apparatus to restore horizontal stresses in the embankment. It is recommended to select a lateral pressure from 20 kPa to 70 kPa for tests provided with triaxial test device. The mechanical properties of the soil determined with triaxial test device and recommended lateral pressure would be representative of the test results obtained in the field of embankment.

scholarly journals Usage of Reclaimed Asphalt Material in Stone Mastic Asphalt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Petr Hyzl ◽  
Ondrej Dasek ◽  
Iva Coufalikova ◽  
Michal Varaus ◽  
Dusan Stehlik
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Laboratory Design ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

The paper focuses on the issue of using reclaimed asphalt (RA) in asphalt mixtures used for highly traffic-loaded asphalt pavements—in asphalt mixtures of the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) type. It is a skeleton-type mixture, where the traffic load is bore by a skeleton of coarse aggregates bonded with mastic (i.e., bitumen and fine aggregates). It is therefore essential to pay close attention to the properties of this coarse aggregate. Higher demands on properties of the aggregate are probably due to the fact that RA is not currently being used in SMA-type mixtures. Most standards do not allow usage of RA in this type of mixtures. Given that traffic load of road networks is constantly increasing, the ratio of SMA-type asphalt mixtures also increases in the road network. This paper presents results of 5-year research focused on the possibility of using RA in SMA-type asphalt mixtures. This included laboratory design of these mixtures with various dosages and types of RA. Their empirical and functional properties were verified. Based on the positive results of the laboratory testing, a test section was subsequently constructed using several variants of the mixtures containing up to 50% of RA. This test section is regularly being monitored, and despite very intense traffic load, there are no failures apparent after 2 and half years of operation. Based on the laboratory research and subsequent construction and monitoring of a test section, it can be said that RA can be used in SMA-type mixtures without any negative impacts on functional properties or mixture lifetime.

MODELING TRAFFIC FLUCTUATIONS AND CONGESTION ON A ROAD NETWORK

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1550009 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ANDREOTTI ◽  
A. BAZZANI ◽  
S. RAMBALDI ◽  
N. GUGLIELMI ◽  
P. FREGUGLIA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Random Transition ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
On The Road

Statistical mechanics points out as fluctuations have a relevant role for systems near critical points. We study the effect of traffic fluctuations and the transition to congested states for a stochastic dynamical model of traffic on a road network. The model simulates a finite population that moves from one road to another according to random transition probabilities. In such a way, we mimic the traffic fluctuations due to the granular feature of traffic and the dynamics at the crossing points. Then the amplitude of traffic flow fluctuations is proportional to the average flow as suggested by empirical observations. Assuming a parabolic shaped flow-density relation, there exists an unstable critical point for the road dynamics and the system can perform a phase transition to a congested state, where some roads reach their maximal capacity. We apply a statistical physics approach to study the onset congestion and we characterize analytically the relation between the fluctuations amplitude and the appearance of congested nodes. We verify the results by means of numerical simulations on a Manhattan-like road network. Moreover we point out the existence of oscillating regimes, where traffic oscillations back propagate on the road network, whose onset depend sensitively from the traffic fluctuations and that have a strong influence on the hysteresis cycles of the systems when the traffic load is modulated. The comparison between the numerical simulations and the empirical traffic data recorded by an inductive-loop traffic detector system (MTS system) on the county roads of the Emilia Romagna region in Italy is shortly discussed.

scholarly journals Study on the Road Performance of Foamed Warm-Mixed Reclaimed Semi-Flexible Asphalt Pavement Material

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5379
Author(s):  
Jiawen Xie ◽  
Wenke Huang ◽  
Bei Hu ◽  
Zhicheng Xiao ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Zahid Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Flexible Material ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Pavement Material

Warm-mixed reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) technology has been widely studied worldwide as a recycled environmental method to reuse waste materials. However, the aggregate skeleton structure of the warm-mixed reclaimed asphalt mixture is not stable because of the existence of the recycled materials. Warm-mixed recycled semi-flexible pavement material can solve the defects of the above materials. In this study, five different types of open-graded asphalt mixtures containing different contents of RAP were designed, and relevant laboratory tests were conducted to assess the road performance of the warm-mixed recycled semi-flexible pavement material. The test results indicated that the road performance of warm-mixed reclaimed semi-flexible pavement materials has good resistance to rut deformation ability. Furthermore, the materials also had good water stability and fatigue performance. The grey correlation analysis shows that the asphalt binder content has the most significant correlation with the high-temperature stability, and the correlation between RAP content and the fatigue performance was the greatest. Furthermore, the curing age has the most remarkable with the low-temperature crack resistance of the warm-mixed reclaimed semi-flexible material.

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