Rapid Prototyping Combined with Finite Element Technology in the Application of the Intertrochanteric Fracture

2014 ◽  
Vol 1027 ◽  
pp. 270-273
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Wang ◽  
Shao Kai Sun ◽  
Yan Hui Zhang ◽  
He Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Finite Element Technology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Model Programs

Based on the patient’s CT data, a three-dimensional fracture model was established, meanwhile a solid model of equal proportions with the rapid prototyping machine was built. Depending on completely knowing the condition of damage, surgeons made different operational plans and simulated the reset of the fracture on the solid model. In addition, according to the fixed schemes and positions of resetting simulation, the femoral nails were fixed in Imagware and simulations was done on the loading condition with single leg in Abaqus. By simulating the physical models of fracture resetting, surgical techniques has been improved. Through comparing the simulate results of different types of femoral nails, the reasonable program of implant was determined. The accuracy and validity of the model programs were verified by intraoperative and postoperative follow-up. Thus a more feasible surgical program method was established.

Rapid prototyping to design a customized locking plate for pancarpal arthrodesis in a giant breed dog

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nicetto ◽  
M. Petazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Implant Position ◽  
Plastic Model ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Osseous Union

SummaryThis report describes the treatment of traumatic carpal hyperextension in a giant breed dog by pancarpal arthrodesis using a custom- made Fixin locking plate, created with the aid of a three-dimensional plastic model of the bones of the antebrachium produced by rapid prototyping technology.A three-year-old 104 kg male Mastiff dog was admitted for treatment of carpal hyperextension injury. After diagnosis of carpal instability, surgery was recommended. Computed tomography images were used to create a life-size three-dimensional plastic model of the forelimb. The model was used as the basis for constructing a customized 12-hole Fixin locking plate. The plate was used to attain successful pancarpal arthrodesis in the animal.Radiographic examination after 74 and 140 days revealed signs of osseous union of the arthrodesis. Further clinical and radiographic follow-up examination three years later did not reveal any changes in implant position or complications.

scholarly journals Predicting calvarial morphology in sagittal craniosynostosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyvind Malde ◽  
Connor Cross ◽  
Chien L. Lim ◽  
Arsalan Marghoub ◽  
Michael L. Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Sagittal Craniosynostosis ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractEarly fusion of the sagittal suture is a clinical condition called, sagittal craniosynostosis. Calvarial reconstruction is the most common treatment option for this condition with a range of techniques being developed by different groups. Computer simulations have a huge potential to predict the calvarial growth and optimise the management of this condition. However, these models need to be validated. The aim of this study was to develop a validated patient-specific finite element model of a sagittal craniosynostosis. Here, the finite element method was used to predict the calvarial morphology of a patient based on its preoperative morphology and the planned surgical techniques. A series of sensitivity tests and hypothetical models were carried out and developed to understand the effect of various input parameters on the result. Sensitivity tests highlighted that the models are sensitive to the choice of input parameter. The hypothetical models highlighted the potential of the approach in testing different reconstruction techniques. The patient-specific model highlighted that a comparable pattern of calvarial morphology to the follow up CT data could be obtained. This study forms the foundation for further studies to use the approach described here to optimise the management of sagittal craniosynostosis.

Development of Pipe Flow Generators

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 2432-2438
Author(s):  
Song Hao Wang ◽  
Ronald José Doblado Perez ◽  
Ronald García ◽  
Jia Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Pipe Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotor Design ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to research and develop Pipe Flow Generators. The focus in this paper is on the rotor design for pipes of different sizes. Modern engineering tools such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and Rapid Prototyping technology are utilized to facilitate the numerical and experimental studies. The CFD numerical simulations consist of two and three-dimensional transient and steady analyses. These simulations were conducted to find the relationship between the flow rate, blade geometry and number of blades. During the experimentation process, Rapid Prototyping Technology (RP) was used to fabricate many different types of turbine geometries to test different impeller parameters. RPM and voltages where measured for each turbine design. The study leads to several important findings for better pipe flow generators design.

Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional Corrective Osteotomy for Malunited Fractures of the Distal Radius Using Prefabricated Bone Graft Substitute

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Shintani ◽  
Kenichi Kazuki ◽  
Masahiro Yoneda ◽  
Takuya Uemura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Corrective Osteotomy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Mayo Wrist Score ◽  
Sound Side ◽  
Ct Data

Background: Three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) imaging has enabled more accurate preoperative planning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the results of a novel, computer-assisted, 3D corrective osteotomy using prefabricated bone graft substitute to treat malunited fractures of the distal radius. Methods: We investigated 19 patients who underwent the computer-assisted 3D corrective osteotomy for a malunited fracture of the distal radius after the operation was stimulated with CT data. A prefabricated bone graft substitute corresponding to the patient’s bone defect was implanted and internal fixation was performed using a plate and screws. We compared postoperative radiographic parameters of the patient’s operated side with their sound side and analyzed clinical outcomes using Mayo wrist score. Results: All patients achieved bone union on X-ray imaging at final follow-up. The mean differences of palmar tilt, radial inclination and ulnar variance between the operation side and the sound side were 4.3°, 2.3° and 1.2 mm, respectively. The Mayo wrist score was fair in 4 patients and poor in 15 patients before surgery. At the final follow-up after surgery, the scores improved to excellent in 3 patients, good in 11 patients and fair in 5 patients. There were two patients with correction loss at the final follow-up, but no patient complained of hand joint pain. Conclusions: We believe that computer-assisted 3D corrective osteotomy using prefabricated bone graft substitute achieved good results because it worked as a guide to the accurate angle.

Cranial remodeling to treat craniosynostosis by gradual distraction with a new device

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Imai ◽  
Hiroyuki Komune ◽  
Chiaya Toda ◽  
Takeru Nomachi ◽  
Eiji Enoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Device ◽  
Distraction Device ◽  
Frontoorbital Advancement ◽  
Perioperative Complication ◽  
Gradual Distraction ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors describe their experience in remodeling the shape of the cranium in children with craniosynostosis by using gradual distraction. In half of the cases, a new distraction device developed by the authors was used. Methods. Twenty children with craniosynostosis underwent frontoorbital advancement and cranial remodeling assisted by gradual distraction. There were five children with brachycephaly, two with oxycephaly, five with scaphocephaly, two with plagiocephaly, one with combined scaphocephaly and plagiocephaly, and five with trigonocephaly. Four cases were syndromic and 16 were nonsyndromic. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 50 months (mean 14.5 months) at the first surgery. Simulated surgery was first performed on a three-dimensional solid model made of polyurethane, which accurately represented cranial flexibility, to determine the most favorable osteotomy line. Distraction was initiated 1 week postoperatively. The speed and extent of advancement (maximum extension 45 mm) were predetermined on the basis of previously reported criteria and the results of simulated surgery. Postoperatively, the cranial configuration was favorable in all cases. Spontaneous remodeling of irregularities and/or gaps apparent after distraction was found to occur 2 to 5 months after removal of the distraction devices, especially in patients with trigonocephaly or scaphocephaly. No major perioperative complication was observed in any patient. There were minor complications in six of the first 10 cases, including exposure of the device, shaft slippage, and fluid discharge. A new device was developed and used on the last 10 patients treated; it successfully eliminated device exposure and shaft slippage. A 3-year follow-up review confirmed that there was no relapse of advanced bones. Conclusions. Highly satisfactory results were achieved in cases of both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis when gradual distraction was performed.

scholarly journals Clinical, manometric and profilometric evaluation after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease: comparison between the modified Duhamel and the transanal rectosigmoidectomy techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Cristina Soares Martins ◽  
Fábio Luis Peterlini ◽  
Djalma José Fagundes ◽  
José Luiz Martins
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Fecal Continence ◽  
Postoperative Control ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Postoperative Constipation ◽  
Student’S T

PURPOSE: To evaluate fecal continence, anorectal manometry (AM) and profilometry (P), in patients operated for congenital megacolon, using either the modified Duhamel technique (MDT) or the modified transanal rectosigmoidectomy (MTR) technique. METHODS: 42 patients were evaluated clinically and via AM and P, for postoperative control. The resting, coughing, voluntary contraction, maintained voluntary contraction and perianal stimulation pressures were investigated. The rectosphincteric reflex was tested and the simple and enhanced pressure curves were evaluated. The three-dimensional profilometric outline was produced. Student's t, chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: AM showed mean resting pressures of 53.44 mmHg for MDT and 60.67 mmHg for MTR, and mean voluntary contraction pressures of 94.50 mmHg for MDT and 95.47 mmHg for MTR. There was no statistical difference between the groups. The shapes of the simple and enhanced pressure curves did not present any statistical difference, independent of the surgical technique used. CONCLUSION: The two surgical techniques were equivalent. MDT caused greater incidence of postoperative constipation that MTR did. AM and P were shown to be excellent tests for postoperative follow-up among these patients.

Evaluation of Rapid Prototyping Technologies for Use in the Production of Art and Artifact Study Copies

1992 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry C. Podany
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liquid Polymer ◽  
Laser Design ◽  
Normal Vectors ◽  
Plaster Model ◽  
Specific Challenge

ABSTRACTMany artifacts and works of art are too fragile to be accurately replicated for scholarly study by using traditional methods of plaster or silicone molding techniques. In addition to the potential for loss of surface and fracturing, the use of many modern silicone mold materials may lead to irreversible staining of the original surface.An evaluation of newly developed rapid prototyping technologies and their potential application to this problem was conducted by the J. Paul Getty Museum Department of Antiquities Conservation in conjunction with Laser Design Inc. of Minnesota and Hughes Aircraft Corp. of California.Rapid prototyping technology allows accurate copies to be made without surface contact with the original object. This paper discusses the outcome of an initial investigation into one of these processes, stereolithography. A plaster model was submitted for laser scanning using a point laser probe, programmed for a 3.175 mm (0.125) distance between scan lines. The input was filtered and stored in an STL (stereolithography) format which provides the X,Y and Z coordinates of the A,B,C and normal vectors of a predetermined number of surface triangles. This data was then used to produce a three-dimensional copy.Stereolithography produces hollow or solid threedimensional forms by feeding data that make up cross sectional slices of the object scanned to a focused laser aimed along the Z axis of the potential copy. The laser polymerizes the outer contour of the 'slice' in a thin layer of photopolymer deposited on a stage located below the laser. Following each slice production the stage lowers approximately 19 mm (0.75) below the surface of the liquid polymer reservoir and upon resurfacing positions approx 0.05mm (0.002) lower than its previous position. A “squeegee” gently crosses over the surface resulting in a thin film of polymer available for the production of the next cross section. The laser is then sent the next cross sectional data and the sequence of section building continues.The specific challenge presented by this project was to assure that the surface detail of the copy formed presented acceptable fidelity to the original object (model), avoiding any need for follow up bench work or correction. The advantages, drawbacks and newly developed alternatives to this promising technology are discussed.

scholarly journals Rapid prototyping model for the manufacturing by thermoforming of occlusal splints

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jiménez ◽  
L. Romero ◽  
M. Domínguez ◽  
M.M. Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Occlusal Splints ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Purpose – This paper aims to present an optimal prototyping technology for the manufacture of occlusal splints. Design/methodology/approach – To carry out this study, a comparative technique was used to analyze models obtained by different prototyping techniques. Subsequently, further tests were carried out with respect to the manufacturing of splints by means of thermoforming in a vacuum. This involved an analysis of the most important variables such as prototype material, geometric accuracy, surface finish and costs. Findings – It was found that there is a group of prototyping technologies that are suitable for the manufacture of the models used in the thermoforming of correction splints, the most appropriate technologies being based on ink jet printing (IJP-Objet), ultraviolet photo polymerization and fused deposition modelling due to the fact that they offer an optimal relationship between the cost and the quality of the model required for thermoforming. Practical implications – The application of rapid prototyping techniques in medicine makes the production of physical models from three-dimensional medical image processing and their subsequent use in different specialties possible. It also makes preoperative planning processes, the production of prostheses and the preparation of surgical templates possible, thereby offering a higher quality of diagnosis, safer surgery and cost and time savings compared to conventional manufacturing technologies. Originality/value – This paper suggests that there exists a group of prototyping technologies for the manufacture of splints that offer advantages over existing technologies. The results also suggest that, in many cases, the most expensive technology is not the most appropriate: there are other options that provide an optimal model in terms of the cost and the quality needed for thermoforming.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Improved Patient Safety and Surgeon Convenience

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Martínez-Ubieto ◽  
Teresa Jiménez-Bernadó ◽  
Javier Martínez-Ubieto ◽  
Antonio Cabrerizo ◽  
Ana Pascual-Bellosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Intraoperative Complication ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Percentage Excess Weight Loss

One of the aims of laparoscopic surgery is to improve upon the results obtained by open surgery. This clearly appears to have been achieved in bariatric surgery. Two-dimensional (2-D) systems have been used to date, though new 3-dimensional (3-D) technologies have been introduced in an attempt to improve surgeon vision and thus increase the safety of the surgical techniques. Sixty obese patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy using a device equipped with 3-D optics allowing surgery to be viewed by the surgeon in 3 dimensions by using a specific monitor and wearing appropriate glasses. The mean patient age was 48.1 years. The mean weight was 114 kg (range, 92–172), with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 44 ± 5.21 kg/m2. All surgeries were performed using the 3-D system, with a mean surgical time of 71 ± 49.6 minutes and a mean hospital stay of 3.0 ± 1.2 days. Only 1 intraoperative complication was recorded: retroperitoneal bleeding on insertion of the optical trocar. Over a mean follow-up period of 12 months, the mean body weight of the patients was 88 kg (range, 71–121), with a BMI of 30.56 ± 3.98 kg/m2 and a percentage excess weight loss of 68.14% ± 7.89%. There was clear improvement of both the blood pressure and glucose levels. Three-dimensional sleeve gastrectomy is safe, viable, and fully reproducible compared with 2-D surgery, improving visualization of the surgical field, safety, and surgeon convenience. Randomized studies involving larger patient samples are needed for the comparison of results.

Solid Model Based Preprocessor to CFD Code for Applications to Electronic Cooling Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Agonafer ◽  
A. Vimba
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Finite Control ◽  
Cad Tool ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Solid Modeler ◽  
Model Programs

The use of a solid model based Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool as a preprocessor to a finite control-volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code is presented. Preprocessing includes geometry description, grid generation, definition of material properties, application of boundary conditions, and definition of solution control parameters. The CAD based preprocessor, as opposed to traditional finite control-volume preprocessors, provides the above capabilities in a powerful graphic environment. Using a solid model based CAD tool, work is reduced, and visualization is enhanced employing the capabilities of the three-dimensional solid modeler. In addition, a technique which categorizes control volumes into groups comprising the solid and fluid portions of the problem domain is presented. At the completion of preprocessing, a model appropriate as input to a CFD code is generated. This model is then solved using the CFD program. The process is shown in a tutorial form by considering a two-dimensional turbulent flow problem in an electronic card on board package. Although the methodology shown in this paper focuses on specific CFD and Solid Model programs, the concept can readily be applied to other CFD and/or Solid Model programs.

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