In Situ Analysis of Hygrothermal Performance of the Sedlec Ossuary

2015 ◽  
Vol 1126 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Zbyšek Pavlík ◽  
Lukáš Balík ◽  
Jiří Maděra ◽  
Lucie Kudrnáčová ◽  
Robert Černý

In situ analysis of hygrothermal state of the Sedlec Ossuary, Czech Republic, is presented in the paper. Within the experimental analysis, the measurement of moisture distribution in several profiles of historical masonry is done on a gravimetric principle. Non-destructive measurement of moisture content on the wall surface is done as well, using a capacitive moisture meter. Moreover, the interior and exterior climate is monitored over an almost two year period. On the basis of the obtained experimental results the hygrothermal conditions in both the masonry and the interior are assessed, including the identification of main moisture sources.

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Bruna de Carvalho Faria Lima Lopes ◽  
Laís de Carvalho Faria Lima Lopes ◽  
Alessandro Tarantino

The measurement of moisture distribution in Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) in salt mines and deep geological disposals is essential in order to monitor fluid ingress and record data for long-term security analyses. Additionally, soil moisture content has influence over the mechanical properties of the soil as well as plant growth, soil stability and contaminant transport to cite some. Therefore, finding affordable and reliable ways to determine moisture content, quickly and in the field without sampling, is of great interested among people in different subject areas. Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) has become a recognized electromagnetic method for non-destructive measurement of dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of moist porous materials. It turns out that both these measurements depend on the material moisture content, among other things. This paper presents a series of calibration tests performed on soil samples. TDR probes were used to obtain the dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of the samples. As a consequence, relationships between these measurements and the samples' volumetric water content were later established. These relationships can then be used to indirectly determine that important information of water content on similar soil material using cheap, quick and non-destructive TDR probes.


Soil Research ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
NS Jayawardane ◽  
WS Meyer

An in-situ method for measuring air filled porosity (�a) of soils using a neutron meter was developed and evaluated for a layered, swelling clay soil. Bulk density-volumetric moisture content relationships of soil layers were used to calculate the regressions of volumetric moisture content on �a. These regressions were combined with calibration equations of the neutron meter to obtain relationships between �a and neutron counts. The �a values predicted from measured neutron count ratios show good agreement with �a values calculated from the measured bulk densities and moisture contents in a transitional red-brown earth. The method provides a rapid and non-destructive measurement of �a. Soil aeration in a transitional red-brown earth under two irrigation treatments was assessed using neutron counts to monitor the changes in �a profiles. Large soil cores which were flooded had lower profile �a values than did cores which were not flooded. However, differences were small, owing apparently to the very low rates of infiltration and redistribution. The potential use of this method to continuously monitor changes in �a profiles allows frequent calculation of aeration stress indices, which may be used to predict crop responses and yield losses due to poor aeration.


Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Kósa ◽  
Ákos Török

Construction materials of a partly ruined Medieval church of Central Hungary were studied in details to assess its conditions and to obtain information on the phases of construction. At first, digital images were taken to create a 3D model of the remaining walls. The material properties were measured in situ using non-destructive test methods. Strength parameters of stone and render were assessed by Schmidt hammer, while moisture content was measured by a portable moisture meter. According to lithological descriptions and thin-section analyses limestone prevail in the monument. The most common Miocene limestone is represented by various lithologies, such as cemented macro porous limestone, fine-grained porous limestone, oolitic limestone and bioclastic limestone. Mesozoic micritic well cemented limestone and Tertiary limonitic sandstone were also identified at the ruins. The most common weathering forms are selective dissolution, multiple flaking and biological colonisation. Renders used in the structure represents the long history of the structure from Medieval lime-based mortars to Portland cement containing latest applications. The former one is composed of quartz send in lime binder. According to Schmidt hammer tests, the rebound values of the replacement stone is higher than that of the original porous limestone. There is a distinct difference in the moisture content of the stone and render. Orientation/exposure of the wall also influences the moisture content. The gathered information allows for designing better repair methods and helps in the planning of the maintenance of the medieval stone heritage.


2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Witzany ◽  
Tomáš Čejka ◽  
Radek Zigler

The experimental, in-situ and laboratory research has manifested a relatively large variance of the physical and mechanical characteristics of historical masonry found e.g. within a masonry wall, a massive masonry pillar etc. Artical presents the evaluation of the experimentally determined physical and mechanical characteristics of masonry members and the binder obtained by sampling specimens and by non-destructive measurements relies on the application of appropriate probabilistic methods.


2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Watanabe ◽  
Yukie Saito ◽  
Stavros Avramidis ◽  
Satoshi Shida

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hoła

Abstract The article presents original methodology of testing the moisture content of brick walls in buildings. It was developed on the basis of own experience acquired during testing the moisture content in many excessively wet buildings erected in various historical periods. The tests were conducted using different methods, including non-destructive methods. To emphasize the importance of the problem, an overview of the methodology was preceded by a brief presentation of the causes and negative effects of excessive moisture and salinity in brick walls. In addition, the article is illustrated with an example of the effects of moisture content tests carried out according to the developed methodology on a facility from the fourteenth century. According to the author, knowledge of the presented methodology, and its application, should contribute to both the improvement of the quality of conducted research and the credibility of the obtained results.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Iveta Skotnicova ◽  
Petra Tymová ◽  
Zdeněk Galda ◽  
Lenka Lausova

This paper deals with the hygrothermal performance of timber-frame external cladding in a passive house. The wall and roof assemblies were simulated and analyzed with regard to hygrothermal performance. Different boundary conditions and methods were used for the simulation calculations. The results of the simulations were compared with in-situ measurements, which were carried out at an experimental passive house at East Czech Republic. Due to the results of simulations and measurements, it should be possible to evaluate accuracy of simulation methods for prediction of the hygrothermal performance of the lightweight external cladding.


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