FTIR Analysis of Extractable Fractions from FourIndonesian Natural Asphalts

Four natural asphalts (NAs) from Buton Rock, Indonesia, which were abbreviated as BRA-A, BRA-B, BRA-C and BAR-D, were continuously extracted by solvents, subdivided into four fractions and analyzed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. The transmission and reﬂection FTIR techniques were used to distinguish among different samples and fractions and to examine information concerning their structure, composition and structural changes upon fractional extract. Upon FTIR analysis, the methyl, methylene, oxhydryl and carboxyl groups are the major composition of these NAs. Some strong bonds at the zones of 2922-2856 cm-1, 1707-1606 cm-1 , 1453-1373 cm-1 , 1030 cm-1 and 872-748 cm-1 are assigned to >CH2 & -CH3 & –OH in carboxlic acid, ester & benzene ring, >C=O & -C-CH3, –CH2OH, -(CH2)n- & substituted benzene, etc. Much more care should be taken to investigate both N-containing functional groups and mineral multiphase compositions probably present in BRA-B, C and D.

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A comparison of antioxidant and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis on extracts of Syzygium guineenses (Myrtaceae)

Journal of Basic and Social Pharmacy Research ◽

10.52968/27453913 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

O.O. Shonekan ◽

◽

A.C. Otuka ◽

D.K. Adeyemi ◽

O.T. Fatunsin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Dot Blot ◽

Absorption Bands ◽

Yellow Colour

Background: Syzygium guineenses, (the most common and abundant specie in Nigeria) is a medicinal plant used by traditional practitioners in northern Nigeria for a variety of healing purposes. Objective: The main objective of this project was to carry out a comparison of antioxidant activities and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometric (FTIR) analysis on both methanol and hexane leaf extracts of S. guineenses. Methods: Phytochemical screening, Semi-quantitative DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)- dot blot assay and FTIR analysis were performed on both extracts to determine antioxidant activity and identify the functional groups present. Results: Phytochemicals tested for, were observed to be more prominent in the methanol extract than hexane. The in vitro antioxidant assay also revealed a more intense yellow colour of inhibition in methanol extract than the hexane extract. The FTIR spectra revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds in both extracts. The methanol extract displayed major peaks of absorption at 3341 cm-1 (-OH) for alcohol, 1736 cm-1 (C=O) carbonyl group, 1161.83 cm-1, 1036.49 cm-1 (C-O) of esters. Other absorption bands like 1452.25 cm-1 and 1612.20 cm-1 for alkenes were present in both extracts. Conclusion: This result shows that the methanol extract of S. guineenseshas a higher potential of phytochemicals, antioxidants and functional groups than the hexane extract.

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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy vibrational bands study of Spinacia oleracea and Trigonella corniculata under biochar amendment in naturally contaminated soil

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253390 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253390

Author(s):

Uzma Younis ◽

Ashfaq Ahmad Rahi ◽

Subhan Danish ◽

Muhammad Arif Ali ◽

Niaz Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Ftir Spectra ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Vibrational Bands

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy detects functional groups such as vibrational bands like N-H, O-H, C-H, C = O (ester, amine, ketone, aldehyde), C = C, C = N (vibrational modes of a tetrapyrrole ring) and simply C = N. The FTIR of these bands is fundamental to the investigation of the effect of biochar (BC) treatment on structural changes in the chlorophyll molecules of both plants that were tested. For this, dried leaf of Spinacia oleracia (spinach) and Trigonella corniculata (fenugreek) were selected for FTIR spectral study of chlorophyll associated functional groups. The study’s primary goal was to investigate the silent features of infrared (IR) spectra of dried leave samples. The data obtained from the current study also shows that leaf chlorophyll can mask or suppress other molecules’ FITR bands, including proteins. In addition, the C = O bands with Mg and the C9 ketonic group of chlorophyll are observed as peaks at1600 (0%BC), 1650 (3%BC) and 1640, or near to1700 (5%BC) in spinach samples. In fenugreek, additional effects are observed in the FTIR spectra of chlorophyll at the major groups of C = C, C = O and C9 of the ketonic groups, and the vibrational bands are more evident at C-H and N-H of the tetrapyrrole ring. It is concluded that C-N bands are more visible in 5% BC treated spinach and fenugreek than in all other treatments. These types of spectra are useful in detecting changes or visibility of functional groups, which are very helpful in supporting biochemical data such as an increase in protein can be detected by more visibility of C-N bands in FTIR spectra.

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Milk β-hydroxybutyrate concentration measured by Fourier-transform infrared and flow-injection analyses from samples taken at different times relative to milking

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029919000220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 208-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mélissa Duplessis ◽

Débora E. Santschi ◽

Sabrina Plante ◽

Camille Bergeron ◽

Daniel M. Lefebvre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Flow Injection ◽

Reference Method ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Test Sample ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Ftir Spectrometry ◽

Milking Machine

AbstractAnalysis of milk BHB concentration by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry more frequently than regular milk testing could help dairy producers in decision making, particularly if it would be possible to use small hand-stripped samples (hereinafter simply called samples) taken between dairy herd improvement (DHI) test-samples analysed using DHI algorithms. The aim of this Research Communication was to evaluate milk BHB concentration and the prevalence of elevated milk BHB concentration analysed by FTIR spectrometry compared with flow-injection analysis (SKALAR) from samples taken at different times relative to the milking. A total of 293 early-lactation cows in 44 commercial dairy herds were involved in the study. Herds were visited once during the morning milking when a routine DHI test-sample was obtained using in-line milk samplers. Additional milk samples were taken by hand stripping as follows: (1) Just before connecting the milking machine; (2) immediately after removing the milking machine; (3) 3 h after milking and (4) 6 h after milking. Milk samples were analysed for BHB concentration by FTIR and SKALAR, the latter being the reference method. Milk BHB concentration from samples taken before milking was different between FTIR and SKALAR whereas no difference was noted for other sampling times, although milk BHB concentration rose as time after milking increased. Except for DHI test-samples for which prevalence was not different between analysis methods, prevalence of elevated milk BHB concentration (≥0.15 mmol/l) was greater for FTIR analysis. However, no difference in prevalence was observed between SKALAR and FTIR when using a threshold of ≥0.20 mmol/l. In summary, hand-stripped milk samples taken any time after removing the milking machine until 6 h after the milking can be recommended for FTIR analysis of elevated milk BHB concentration prevalence provided a threshold of 0.20 mmol/l is used.

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Synthesis of Novel Arginine-Based Flame Retardant and Its Application in Lyocell Fabric

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123588 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3588

Author(s):

Jiayi Chen ◽

Yansong Liu ◽

Jiayue Zhang ◽

Yuanlin Ren ◽

Xiaohui Liu

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Heat Release ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Excellent Thermal Stability ◽

X Ray ◽

Cone Calorimeter Test ◽

Before And After

Lyocell fabrics are widely applied in textiles, however, its high flammability increases the risk of fire. Therefore, to resolve the issue, a novel biomass-based flame retardant with phosphorus and nitrogen elements was designed and synthesized by the reaction of arginine with phosphoric acid and urea. It was then grafted onto the lyocell fabric by a dip-dry-cure technique to prepare durable flame-retardant lyocell fabric (FR-lyocell). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated that the flame retardant was successfully introduced into the lyocell sample. Thermogravimetric (TG) and Raman analyses confirmed that the modified lyocell fabric featured excellent thermal stability and significantly increased char residue. Vertical combustion results indicated that FR-lyocell before and after washing formed a complete and dense char layer. Thermogravimetric Fourier-transform infrared (TG-FTIR) analysis suggested that incombustible substances (such as H2O and CO2) were produced and played a significant fire retarding role in the gas phase. The cone calorimeter test corroborated that the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) declined by 89.4% and 56.4%, respectively. These results indicated that the flame retardancy of the lyocell fabric was observably ameliorated.

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Effects of in-Office and at-Home Bleaching on Human Enamel and Dentin: An in vitro Application of Fourier Transform Infrared Study

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/000370208786401554 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 1274-1279 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Feride Severcan ◽

Kurtulus Gokduman ◽

Ayca Dogan ◽

Sukran Bolay ◽

Saadet Gokalp

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Protein Denaturation ◽

Random Coil ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Band Frequency ◽

Human Enamel ◽

Ft Ir ◽

At Home

In-office and at-home bleaching techniques are widely used methods for the whitening of teeth. However, the safety of these techniques has not been clarified yet. The aim of the current study is to investigate the in-office- and at-home-bleaching-induced structural and quantitative changes in human enamel and dentin at the molecular level, under in vitro conditions. The Fourier transform mid-infrared (mid-FT-IR) spectroscopic technique was used to monitor bleaching-induced structural changes. Band frequency and intensity values of major absorptions such as amide A, amide I, phosphate (PO4), and carbonate (CO3−2) bands, for treatment groups and control, were measured and compared. The results revealed that both procedures have negligible effects on dentin constituents. In office-bleached enamel, in addition to demineralization, a decrease in protein and polysaccharide concentrations, mineral-to-protein ratio, and the strength of hydrogen bonds around NH groups, as well as a change in protein secondary structure were observed. The protein structure changed from β-sheet to random coil, which is an indication of protein denaturation. However, no significant variations were observed for at-home bleached enamel. The control, at-home, and in-office bleached enamel samples were differentiated with a high accuracy using cluster analysis based on FT-IR data. This study revealed that office bleaching caused deleterious alterations in the composition and structure of enamel that significantly affected the crystallinity and mineralization of the tissue. Therefore, at-home bleaching seems to be much safer than in-office bleaching in terms of molecular variations.

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Effect of Palm Kernel Meal as Melamine Urea Formaldehyde Adhesive Extender for Plywood Application: Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Study

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.493 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 121-126 ◽

pp. 493-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Huei Ruey Ong ◽

Reddy Prasad ◽

Md. Maksudur Rahman Khan ◽

Md. Najmul Kabir Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Chemical Interaction ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Blue Shift ◽

Hot Press ◽

Kernel Meal ◽

Palm Kernel Meal

Increased demand for wood adhesives, environmental concerns, and the uncertainty of continuing availability of petrochemicals have led to recent attention on protein-based adhesives. This study was conducted to investigate the physico-chemical interaction of palm kernel meal (PKM) with melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins in adhesive formulation by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The effect of hot press on PKM extender has been investigated by FTIR and blue shift is observed due to the hot press indicating that the functional groups (such as C=O, -OH and NH) are become more free in the samples. In the case of PKM-MUF blend bonding interactions observed where, PKM played the role as an extender. Red shift of C=O and N-H groups stretching in PKM-MUF-Wood blend is observed which suggests the interaction of these functional groups through hydrogen bonding. The results suggest that PKM extender-based MUF adhesive resins have potential application for the production of exterior plywood.

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A Fourier Transform Infrared Method of Studying Elastomers Filled with Carbon Black

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/000370277774463715 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 220-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

W. W. Hart ◽

P. C. Painter ◽

J. L. Koenig ◽

M. M. Coleman

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

General Purpose ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Furnace Black ◽

Infrared Spectrometer ◽

Infrared Method ◽

Principal Method ◽

Transmission And Reflection

Infrared spectra have been obtained of carbon black filled polybutadiene using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Transmission and reflection techniques were employed. Polybutadiene was compounded with three fillers: Silene, general purpose furnace black, and Austin black. Subtle changes were observed in the vibrations of polybutadiene upon the addition of fillers. Transmission sampling through dilution with KBr gave better spectra than attenuated total reflection techniques in ease of data acquisition, and was therefore chosen as the principal method for further studies.

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SCREENING FOR PHYTOCHEMICALS AND FTIR ANALYSIS OF MYRISTICA DACTYLOIDS FRUIT EXTRACTS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.11053 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Rajiv ◽

A. Deepa ◽

P. Vanathi ◽

D. Vidhya

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Spectroscopy Analysis ◽

Standard Methods ◽

Fruit Extracts ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Amine Groups ◽

Ir Analysis

Objective: The present investigation focus on screening of phytochemicals and FT-IR analysis of Myristica dactyloids fruit extracts. The fruit extracts were prepared using five different solvents.Methods: The phytochemical analysis and FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis were performed using standard methods.Results: The results reveals that the alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, proteins, carbohydrates, cardio glycosides and saponins were present in methanolic extract when compared to other solvent extracts. FT-IR analysis shows the presence of different functional groups such as carboxylic acids, aromatics, alkanes, alcohols, phenols, aliphatic amines, alkenes and amine groups in the fruit extracts.Conclusion: The study concluded that the methanolic extract (M. dactyloides fruit) has potential bioactive compounds.

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