The response of soil enzyme activity to seasonal and microtopographical variations in the sedge peatlands in Changbai Mountain, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Changbai Mountain ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Hummock-hollow microtopography is a common feature in northern peatlands. It<br>creates microsites of variable hydrology, vegetation, and soil biogeochemistry, thus affect soil C<br>cycling in peatlands at the local scale. This study investigated effects of microtopography on soil<br>enzyme (β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), acid phosphatase (AP)<br>and peroxidase (PER)) activities and environment variables as well as their relationships in a<br>typical sedge peatland in Changbai Mountain, northeast of China. Our results showed that the<br>enzyme activities in the sedge peatland significantly varied across seasons and microtopographical<br>positions. Soil enzyme activities in hummocks exhibited more obvious seasonal variation than<br>hollows, with the βG, AP and PER activities presented a distinct valley in summer and the<br>maximum values occurred in Spring or Autumn. Soil hydrolase (βG, NAG and AP) activities in<br>hummocks were significantly higher compared to hollows, while soil oxidase (PER enzyme)<br>activity in hollows was higher than hummocks. The NMDS analysis revealed that the influence<br>degree of microtopography on the enzyme activities was higher than that of seasonal variation.<br>Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the variations of soil enzyme activities in the peatland<br>were related to environmental variables, especially to water table depth (WTD), soil temperature<br>(ST), SOC, N availability and P availability. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the<br>three hydrolase (BG, NAG and AP) activities were positively correlated with soil TN, SOC and<br>C/N, and negatively correlated with WTD and TP. On the contrast, the PER activities were<br>positively correlated with TP, and negatively correlated with ST, SOC and C/N. The present<br>study demonstrated that small scale topographic heterogeneity created by hummock cause habitat<br>heterogeneity and thus lead to significant difference of soil enzyme activity between hummock<br>and hollow in the sedge peatlands. This finding provides further evidence of the importance of<br>peatland microtopography to C cycling and has direct implications for scaling biogeochemical<br>processes to the ecosystem level.</p>

Change Analysis of Enzyme Activity under Different Conditions of Film Remnant in Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Xiao Guang Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan Guan ◽  
Wen Yu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, simulated experiments were performed in pots by using soil materials in different conditions of film remnant. Based on the research on soil microorganism quantity trends of soil enzyme activities were analyzed systematically: soil without film remnant, soil with film remnant for 5, 10, 15 and 20 years. By analyzing crop progress, the relationship with soil material was studied, in order to provide scientific basis for the variation laws between different conditions of film remnant and the activity of soil enzyme.

Effects of the herbicides fluometuron and prometryn on Rhizoctonia solani in soil cultures

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wayne Beam ◽  
E. A. Curl ◽  
R. Rodriguez-Kabana
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Highly Correlated

Responses of Rhizoctonia solani to herbicides in soil cultures were assessed by measuring soil enzyme activity and other growth-related factors. Both β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1, 3.1.3.2) activities were highly correlated with amounts of mycelium in soil. Both enzyme activities were reduced significantly by either fluometuron or prometryn at 40 μg/g of soil; the pathogen was more distinctly suppressed by fluometuron and showed a stronger tendency to overcome the effects of prometryn with time. Inhibition was also reflected in reduced utilization of glucose and less CO2-C evolved. Except for an increase in β-galactosidase activity in the presence of 1 μg fluometuron, low levels of either herbicide had little effect on the pathogen.

scholarly journals County-Scale Spatial Distribution of Soil Enzyme Activities and Enzyme Activity Indices in Agricultural Land: Implications for Soil Quality Assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Tan ◽  
Baoni Xie ◽  
Junxing Wang ◽  
Wenxiang He ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
County Scale ◽  
Activity Indices

Here the spatial distribution of soil enzymatic properties in agricultural land was evaluated on a county-wide (567 km2) scale in Changwu, Shaanxi Province, China. The spatial variations in activities of five hydrolytic enzymes were examined using geostatistical methods. The relationships between soil enzyme activities and other soil properties were evaluated using both an integrated total enzyme activity index (TEI) and the geometric mean of enzyme activities (GME). At the county scale, soil invertase, phosphatase, and catalase activities were moderately spatially correlated, whereas urease and dehydrogenase activities were weakly spatially correlated. Correlation analysis showed that both TEI and GME were better correlated with selected soil physicochemical properties than single enzyme activities. Multivariate regression analysis showed that soil OM content had the strongest positive effect while soil pH had a negative effect on the two enzyme activity indices. In addition, total phosphorous content had a positive effect on TEI and GME in orchard soils, whereas alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium contents, respectively, had negative and positive effects on these two enzyme indices in cropland soils. The results indicate that land use changes strongly affect soil enzyme activities in agricultural land, where TEI provides a sensitive biological indicator for soil quality.

scholarly journals Effects of Deep Tillage and Straw Returning on Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyi Ji ◽  
Hao Hu ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
Xinyuan Mu ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Deep Tillage ◽  
Loam Soil

Two field experiments were conducted for two years with the aim of studying the effects of deep tillage and straw returning on soil microorganism and enzyme activity in clay and loam soil. Three treatments, (1) conventional tillage (CT), shallow tillage and straw returning; (2) deep tillage (DT), deep tillage and straw returning; and (3) deep tillage with no straw returning (DNT), were carried out in clay and loam soil. The results showed that deep tillage and straw returning increased the abundance of soil microorganism and most enzyme activities. Deep tillage was more effective for increasing enzyme activities in clay, while straw returning was more effective in loam. Soil microorganism abundance and most enzyme activities decreased with the increase of soil depth. Deep tillage mainly affected soil enzyme activities in loam at the soil depth of 20–30 cm and in clay at the depth of 0–40 cm. Straw returning mainly affected soil microorganism and enzyme activities at the depths of 0–30 cm and 0–40 cm, respectively.

Effect of Different Land Use Types on Soil Enzyme Activity on the Edge of Ganjiahu Wetland in Xinjiang

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Yan Hong Li ◽  
Xin Zheng Chu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Salt Meadow

This paper selected wetland area in Ganjiahu as research area which impacts of human activity was evident and analyzed the soil enzyme activity of each five edge land-use types (reed wetland, salt meadow, Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendro, farm land), results showed that: Under the effects of different land use types, the impact of the enzyme activity causes its surface layer soil to the catalase to be higher, and in the vertical direction, the soil enzyme activity assumes declining trend along with the depth change. It`s the biggest changing scope among each layer of the enzyme activity in the Populus euphratica. Secondly, each layer of the farmland and reed wetland enzyme activity has the sub-change scope. The average value of enzyme activity of urease exists a declining tendency from the soil surface to the bottom, in which the changing scope of the enzyme activity of each layer in the salt meadow is the biggest. Correespondingly, the each layer of farm land, Populus euphratica and reed wetland enzyme activity has the sub-change scope. The enzyme activity of sucrase exists a declining tendency from the soil surface to the bottom,Each changing scope of the soil enzyme activity in the Populus euphratica is the biggest, the salt meadow and reed wetland`s soil enzyme activity is relatively smaller, and each changing scope of sucrase activity in farm land is not obvious. soil is not obvious to the proteinase activity influence, which indicating that the proteinase is unable representative to reflect this area soil fertility condition . whereas four kinds of enzyme activities in the Haloxylon ammodendro are relatively low, and each change is not obvious, instructing that the disturbance by human are more lightly. Soil enzymes as part of the soil, it plays an important role in the transformation of nutrients, organic matter decomposition, degradation and restoration of pollutants [1].Soil enzyme is kind of substances which remains catalytic ability of decomposition in the soil, it is from microorganisms, plants, animals and there living secretion of debris [2]. In recent years, scholars have paid a lot of attention in the soil enzyme activities as indicators of soil quality research in biological activity [3], they think that the land use could affected significantly enzyme activity of soil, determination of soil enzyme activity and quality has become indispensable. But on the research of soil enzyme activities in the wetland soil of arid desert edge is lack. This paper study the soil enzyme in different land use in Xinjiang Ganjiahu Wetland edge, and discuss the human activities on wetland and ecosystem interference mechanism, in order to carry out construction projects of wetland degradation and restoration and provide evidence.

Soil Nutrient and Soil Enzyme Activity of the Slopes with Different Ecological Protection Technologies

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2445-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Chao Zhao ◽  
Wen Nian Xu ◽  
Dong Xia
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Positive Correlations

Taking four types of slopes as test objects this paper measured their, soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity. The results showed that variation of soil nutrients in different slopes is obvious; soil enzyme activity is also a significant difference between different slopes. The soil of A slope (natural secondary forest ) was the highest in activity of urease, invertase, neutral phosphatase and catalase, the lowest in D(wasteland)slope except catalase. There were extremely significant positive correlations among soil urease activity, invertase activity and neutral phosphatase activity. Significant positive correlations were observed between soil urease activity, invertase activity, neutral phosphates activity and organic matter, available N, total N. It suggested that enzymatic activity could be used to indicate and estimate soil fertility of artificial remediation slopes. Combined with and community structure and community characteristics of vegetation on the sanmpled slops, soil enzyme activities could be used to measure the degree of vegetation restoration in the disturbed area.

Effects of GFP Transplastomic Tobacco on Soil Enzyme Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Chang Hong Guo ◽  
Qing Guo Liu ◽  
Yue Ping Lv
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transplastomic Tobacco

In this study, the GFP transplastomic tobacco (TG) and non-transgenetic (WT) were compared to study the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco on soil enzyme activities. The activities of some soil enzymes (urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase) were determined at seeding stage, vegetative stage, flowering stage, and senescing stage. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the activities of urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase between GFP transplastomic tobacco and non-transgenetic at same growing stage. No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls, the soil enzyme activities of the vegetative stage and flowering stage were higher than seeding stage and senescing stage. The results suggest that the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco to major soil enzyme activities were not significant.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Washing Solutions on Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community in Agricultural Soil Severely Contaminated With Cadmium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Chunfa Wu ◽  
Shaopo Deng ◽  
Jinlu Zhang ◽  
Jinyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

Abstract Soil enzyme activities and microbial communities have a good response to the remediation effect of heavy metal-contaminated soils. To evaluate the effect of three commonly used washing agents, ferric chloride (FC), ethylenediamine-tetra- methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on soil enzyme activities and microbial community in cadmium (Cd)- contaminated agricultural soil collected around the mining area. The soil enzyme activities, microbial community, chemical forms of Cd and some physicochemical properties of the soil washed with different washing solutions were determined after two months incubation. The results showed that the three washing solutions had moderate removal efficiencies (22.83%-37.56%) for Cd in the tested soil and the breakdown product of EDTMP has a certain stabilizing effect on Cd. The geometric mean and the integrated total enzyme activity index showed that soil washing with FC and EDTA were more beneficial to the restoration of biochemical functions than that with EDTMP. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes in the soil washed with EDTA was significantly higher than that with FC and EDTMP. The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the soil washed with EDTMP was significantly increased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the soil washed with FC was significantly decreased. Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the three washing solutions affected soil enzyme activities and microbial community by altering soil nutrient, total Cd concentration and Cd fractions in soils.

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