Measurement of Structure’s Image Primitive Based on Power-Law

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 2866-2869
Author(s):  
Zhen Zeng ◽  
Tao He ◽  
You Qing Fan ◽  
Heng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Actual Contour ◽  
Image Contour ◽  
The Impact

In industrial machine vision (MV) applications, it is a popular research direction to identify a structure mechanical part image primitive’s relationship with its background by extracting actual contour from a captured image. However, numerous nonlinear problems turn up in MV applications of measuring and inspecting mechanical parts. Those problems are brought by components of MV system including lens, cameras, lighting effect, and sheltered measured object. These nonlinear phenomena usually result in incomplete and inconsistent geometrical shape of a structure’s image primitive. Therefore, special primitive measurement theory and method are researched in the thesis, on the basis of analyzing fractal and structural features of mechanical parts. The method found that an important trait of mechanical parts image contour which can be used to reduce the impact of nonlinear phenomena and determine a closest contour of the image primitive by using different multi-scale rulers in measuring. The effect of the measurement method is proved by an example in cylindrical connectors’ inspection.

Towards effective link prediction: A hybrid similarity model

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Longjie Li ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Hongsheng Luo ◽  
Xiaoyun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Link Prediction ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Similarity Model ◽  
Weight Calculation ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Grey Relation ◽  
Important Research Direction

Link prediction is an important research direction in complex network analysis and has drawn increasing attention from researchers in various fields. So far, a plethora of structural similarity-based methods have been proposed to solve the link prediction problem. To achieve stable performance on different networks, this paper proposes a hybrid similarity model to conduct link prediction. In the proposed model, the Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) approach is employed to integrate four carefully selected similarity indexes, which are designed according to different structural features. In addition, to adaptively estimate the weight for each index based on the observed network structures, a new weight calculation method is presented by considering the distribution of similarity scores. Due to taking separate similarity indexes into account, the proposed method is applicable to multiple different types of network. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other prediction methods in terms of accuracy and stableness on 10 benchmark networks.

Evaluating a University Entrepreneurial Programme in a Developing Country: Applying Rasch Measurement Theory to Attitude to Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esperanza Gil-Soto ◽  
Juan R. Oreja-Rodriguez ◽  
Francisco J. García-Rodríguez ◽  
Inés Ruiz-Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Rasch Measurement ◽  
Rasch Measurement Theory ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽  
Attitudinal Factors ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
University Setting

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of an educational programme developed in Senegal with university students and designed to encourage entrepreneurship by influencing personal attitudes toward enterprise. The instrument to measure the entrepreneurial potential of young people has been applied in different socio-demographic contexts in some previous empirical research. Improvements in students’ perception of attitudinal factors associated with leadership, creativity, achievement and intuition can be inferred from the results of the longitudinal analysis conducted. Moreover, a positive and significant relationship between students’ perceived behavioural control and their attitudes toward starting a business at the end of the entrepreneurial programme is confirmed. Rasch Measurement Theory is applied to analyse the validity of the measurements and findings suggest that the scale used seems to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring entrepreneurial attitude in a university setting. Results confirm that entrepreneurship programmes have the potential to improve the entrepreneurial attitudes of students in a developing country.

scholarly journals Evaluating polymer interplay after hot water pretreatment to investigate maize stem internode recalcitrance

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Leroy ◽  
Xavier Falourd ◽  
Loïc Foucat ◽  
Valérie Méchin ◽  
Fabienne Guillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Condensed State ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Biomass recalcitrance is governed by various molecular and structural factors but the interplay between these multiscale factors remains unclear. In this study, hot water pretreatment (HWP) was applied to maize stem internodes to highlight the impact of the ultrastructure of the polymers and their interactions on the accessibility and recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass. The impact of HWP was analysed at different scales, from the polymer ultrastructure or water mobility to the cell wall organisation by combining complementary compositional, spectral and NMR analyses. Results HWP increased the kinetics and yield of saccharification. Chemical characterisation showed that HWP altered cell wall composition with a loss of hemicelluloses (up to 45% in the 40-min HWP) and of ferulic acid cross-linking associated with lignin enrichment. The lignin structure was also altered (up to 35% reduction in β–O–4 bonds), associated with slight depolymerisation/repolymerisation depending on the length of treatment. The increase in $${T}_{1\rho }^{H}$$ T 1 ρ H , $${T}_{HH}$$ T HH and specific surface area (SSA) showed that the cellulose environment was looser after pretreatment. These changes were linked to the increased accessibility of more constrained water to the cellulose in the 5–15 nm pore size range. Conclusion The loss of hemicelluloses and changes in polymer structural features caused by HWP led to reorganisation of the lignocellulose matrix. These modifications increased the SSA and redistributed the water thereby increasing the accessibility of cellulases and enhancing hydrolysis. Interestingly, lignin content did not have a negative impact on enzymatic hydrolysis but a higher lignin condensed state appeared to promote saccharification. The environment and organisation of lignin is thus more important than its concentration in explaining cellulose accessibility. Elucidating the interactions between polymers is the key to understanding LB recalcitrance and to identifying the best severity conditions to optimise HWP in sustainable biorefineries.

scholarly journals Theoretical Studies of the Interaction between Screw Surface and Material in the Mixer

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Andrzej Marczuk ◽  
Vasily Sysuev ◽  
Alexey Aleshkin ◽  
Petr Savinykh ◽  
Nikolay Turubanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
Length Unit ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Size Of Particles ◽  
The Impact

Mixing is one of the most commonly used processes in food, animal feed, chemical, cosmetic, etc., industries. It is supposed to provide high-quality homogenous, nutritious mixtures. To provide appropriate mixing of materials while maintaining the process high efficiency and low energy consumption it is crucial to explore and describe the material flow caused by the movement of mixing elements and the contact between particles. The process of mixing is also affected by structural features of the machine components and the mixing chamber, speed of mixing, and properties of the mixed materials, such as the size of particles, moisture, friction coefficients. Thus, modeling of the phenomena that accompany the process of mixing using the above-listed parameters is indispensable for appropriate implementation of the process. The paper provides theoretical power calculations that take into account the material speed change, the impact of the material friction coefficient on the screw steel surface and the impact of the friction coefficient on the material, taking into account the loading height of the mixing chamber and the chamber loading value. Dependencies between the mixer power and the product degree of fineness, rotational speed of screw friction coefficients, the number of windings per length unit, and width of the screw tape have been presented on the basis of a developed model. It has been found that power increases along with an increase in the value of these parameters. Verification of the theoretical model indicated consistence of the predicted power demand with the power demand determined in tests performed on a real object for values of the assumed, effective loading, which was 65–75%.

scholarly journals Straight to Low-Sinuosity Drainage Systems in a Variscan-Type Orogen—Constraints from Tectonics, Lithology and Climate

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Harald G. Dill ◽  
Andrei Buzatu ◽  
Sorin-Ionut Balaban
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Bedrock Lithology ◽  
The Impact

A holistic-modular approach has been taken to study the evolution of three straight to low-sinuosity drainage systems (=SSS) in an uplifted basement block of the Central European Variscides. The development of the SSS is described by means of a quadripartite model. (1) The geological framework of the SSS: Forming the lithological and structural features in the bedrock as a result of different temperature, pressure and dynamic-metamorphic processes. (2) Prestage of SSS: Forming the paleo-landscape with a stable fluvial regime as a starting point for the SSS. (3) Proto-SSS: Transition into the metastable fluvial regime of the SSS. (4) Modern SSS: Operation of the metastable fluvial regime Tectonics plays a dual role. Late Paleozoic fold tectonic creates the basis for the studied SSS and has a guiding effect on the development of morphotectonic units during the Neogene and Quaternary. Late Cenozoic fault tectonics triggered the SSS to incise into the Paleozoic basement. The change in the bedrock lithology has an impact on the fluvial and colluvial sediments as well as their landforms. The latter reflects a conspicuous modification: straight drainage system ⇒ higher sinuosity and paired terraces ⇒ hillwash plains. Climate change has an indirect effect controlling via the bedrock the intensity of mechanical and chemical weathering. The impact on the development of the SSS can be assessed as follows: Tectonics >> climate ≅ bedrock lithology. The three parameters cause a facies zonation: (1) wide-and-shallow valley (Miocene), (2) wide-angle V-shaped valley (Plio-Pleistocene), (3) acute-angle V-shaped valley (Pleistocene), (4) V-shaped to U-shaped valleys (Pleistocene-Holocene). Numerical data relevant for the hydrographic studies of the SSS are determined in each reference area: (1) Quantification of fluvial and colluvial deposits along the drainage system, (2) slope angles, (3) degree of sinuosity as a function of river facies, (4) grain size distribution, (5) grain morphological categorization, (6) grain orientation (“situmetry”), (7) channel density, (8) channel/floodplain ratios. Thermodynamic computations (Eh, pH, concentration of solubles) are made to constrain the paleoclimatic regime during formation of the SSS. The current model of the SSS is restricted in its application to the basement of the Variscan-Type orogens, to an intermediate crustal maturity state.

scholarly journals The Impact of Board Capital on Internationalization of SMEs: Initial Theoretical Considerations

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Monika Bužavaitė ◽  
Renata Korsakiene
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Board Capital ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Agency Resource

The study aims to investigate the relationship between Board capital and internationalization of SMEs. The study implements a systematic review and synthesis of scientific literature. The article presents useful insights into the concept of Board capital, Agency, Resource dependency, Institutional theories, and Resource-Based view. These theories give us a better understanding of Board capital, the firm’s management and behavior. The analysis of recent studies suggests that external members of the Board might positively affect internationalization outcomes and be useful in overcoming obstacles during the initiation of international activities. Nevertheless, international entrepreneurship literature is still lacking studies considering Board capital. A deeper investigation of Board capital factors impacting the internationalization of SMEs can be stated as a future research direction. 

scholarly journals The effect of ensemble and solo performance on affective experiences induced by music

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Labbé ◽  
Donald Glowinski ◽  
Didier Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
String Quartet ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Solo Performance ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Instrumental Texture

Scherer and Zentner (2001) propose that affective experiences might be the product of a multiplicative function between structural, performance, listener, and contextual related features. Yet research on the effects of structure, and particularly texture, has mostly focused on perceived emotions. We therefore sought to test the effects of structural features on subjective musical experiences in a listening study by manipulating the performance, solo versus ensemble, of five segments of a piece for string quartet, while also exploring the impact of listener features such as musical training, listening habits and stable dispositions such as empathy. We found that participants ( N = 144, 78% female; Mage = 22.74 years, SD = 5.13) felt like moving more (ME) and perceived their physiological rhythms change more (VE) during ensemble compared to solo conditions. Moreover, ME significantly predicted positive emotions, such as Wonder and Power, while VE significantly predicted both positive and negative emotions, such as Tension and Nostalgia. We also found direct main and interaction effects of both segment and performance factors on all four emotion models. We believe these results support Scherer and Zentner’s model and show the importance of considering the interaction between compositional and instrumental texture when studying music-induced emotions.

QSAR modeling for reaction rate constants of eaq− with diverse organic compounds in water

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1931-1938
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zheng ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Gaoliang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Qsar Modeling ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Qsar Models ◽  
The Impact

Two quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models to predict keaq− of diverse organic compounds were developed and the impact of molecular structural features on eaq− reactivity was investigated.

The Comparative Impact of Critics and Consumers: Applying the Generalisability Theory to Online Movie Ratings

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Peng ◽  
Geng Cui ◽  
Chunyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Movie Industry ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Consumer Ratings ◽  
Movie Ratings ◽  
Professional Critics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Generalisability Theory ◽  
Movie Performance

This study employs a new measurement theory (i.e. Generalisability Theory) to investigate the comparative influence of early movie ratings from professional critics versus ordinary consumers on latent movie performance. The empirical results show that both ordinary consumers and critics have great impact on the latent movie performance. In particular, the main effect of rater sources and the two-way interaction between raters and movies are substantial contributors to the variation in movie performance, with the contribution from ordinary consumers even more substantial than that from professional critics. However, professional critics provide more reliable ratings (a higher G coefficient) than ordinary consumers. Moreover, we found that genre familiarity is an important factor that moderates the differential effect of these two sources of ratings. Professional critic ratings contribute more to the total variance of movie performance evaluations in the case of less familiar genres, while ordinary consumer ratings contribute more to that in the case of more familiar genres. The aggregate level validity (correlation) results for each rater source indicate that professional critics consistently provide better concurrent and predictive validity than ordinary consumers. While our analyses focused on the impact of two sources of ratings on movie performance evaluations, the findings have implications not limited to the movie industry. They are also applicable to the broad category of experience goods such as music, restaurants, video games and books, where consumers could seek opinion from both experts and ordinary consumers.

A method to predict the impact of point mutations on local structural features

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. A78-A78
Author(s):  
S.N. Ruzheinikov ◽  
M.E. Popov ◽  
I.V. Kashparov
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutations ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Impact
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