Study on Synthesis of Zirconolite Using Simulated Radioactive Incineration ASH

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 1703-1706
Author(s):  
Yu Xi Piao ◽  
Ming Fen Wen ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
Jian Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intermediate Products

The minerals of zirconolite doping simulated radioactive incineration ash were fabricated by solid reaction, using zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate or CaTiO3 as raw materials. The phase assemblage was tested by X-ray diffractometer. TG-DSC was tested by SDT-Q600. Compared to carbonate preparation method, using intermediate products (CaTiO3) preparation method to synthesis CaZrTi2O7 is more energy saving.

Thermal Stability vs. Crystallization of the Lithiumsilicate Glasses with Addition Zirconium Dioxide and Titanium Dioxide

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 399-401
Author(s):  
Viliam Pavlík ◽  
Eugen Jóna ◽  
Martina Sapietová ◽  
Soňa Šnircová
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Relationship

The glasses with composition of Li2O . 2 SiO2 . n ZrO2 . n TiO2 (where n = 0; 0.015; 0.031; 0.050; 0.075; 0.1; 0.15; 0.2) were prepared and the relationship between structural and selected parameters of thermal stability vs. crystallization has been studied by differential thermal analysis. Structural analysis was provided by X–ray diffraction. The order of thermal stability vs. crystallization representing of activation energy of studied glass systems which increase with higher addition both oxides. The same order was obtained from the values of XRD. On the comparison the glasses with zero addition titanium dioxide their activation energy was much higher.

Solid-Solid Reaction Preparation for Nanoparticles of Bioinorganic Complex of Bismuth and Serine at Room Temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Qing Zhong ◽  
Rong Rong Jia ◽  
Yu Qing Jia
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Transmission Electron Micrograph ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Orthorhombic System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bismuth Triiodide

Nanoparticles of the bioinorganic complex of bismuth and serine can be prepared very easily by a room temperature solid-solid reaction with the raw materials of bismuth triiodide and serine. The complex is characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron micrograph. The characterizations indicate that the composition of the complex is Bi[I(HOCH2CHNH2COO)]1.5. The crystal structure of the complex belongs to orthorhombic system with the lattice parameters: a = 0.8355 nm, b = 1.8688 nm and c = 2.2511 nm. The average diameter of the bioinorganic complex nanoparticles is about 40 nm.

Mechanical Properties of Bioactive Glass Fabricated Using Natural Resources Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 620-625
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kamil Fakhruddin ◽  
Hasmaliza M. Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Glass Frit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Bioactive glass use silica (SiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) as raw materials. In this work, bioactive glass (BG); 45S5 bioactive glass was synthesized using natural resources materials; rice husk ash (RHA) as silica (SiO2) source and seashell (SS) as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) source through melt derived method. All raw materials were melted at 1400 °C and water quenched. The glass frit obtained was milled and sieved then analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties 45S5 BG pellet was observed through diametral tensile stress (DTS). The XRD and FTIR pattern for all sample synthesized using natural resources raw materials show similar pattern with control sample 45S5 synthesis using pure raw materials. The mechanical properties for all samples also have not significantly different with control samples

Development of Decorative Ceramic Glaze from Palm Fiber Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Mohd Al Amin bin Muhamad Nor ◽  
Nur Hawa Hazwani Ya’acob
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ceramic Glaze ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Decorative Ceramic

Palm fiber ashes are the industrial waste which is abundantly available in Malaysia. In this study, palm fiber ash were used to produce decorative ceramic glaze. The content of minerals in the palm fiber ash were analyzed by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), respectively. The formulations of glaze with different composition of raw materials were studied by adding different amount of calcium carbonate and feldspar. The glaze slurries then coated on ball clay body bisque which was obtained from Kg. Dengir and sintered at 1200 ° C for two hours.The glaze was characterized in term of its physical appearance such as type of glaze and colour. Both glossy and matte glaze produced by using different composition of glaze formulation. The presence of silica minerals (79 %) contributed to glossy surface to the glaze. It is clearly seen that the glossiness of glaze improved by increasing amount of feldspar. Feldspar acts as fluxing agent which form a glassy phase at lower temperature. In addition, the presence of small amount of iron oxide (2.2 wt.%) contributed to brown colour of glaze. An addition of calcium carbonate give effect to the colour of glaze, which change from brown to yellow colour as amount of CaCO3 increased. As a conclusion, the palm fibre ashes were highly suitable to supply abundant and cheap raw materials to produce decorative ceramic glaze.

Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hexagonal Columnar-Shaped Calcium Carbonate

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1643-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Tang ◽  
Xiang Yong Chen ◽  
Wei Bing Hu ◽  
Gui Yun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Hexagonal Columnar

Calcium carbonate was obtained by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized technique using calcium chloride and urea as the raw materials. The uniform aragonite hexagonal columnar-shaped calcium carbonate with a diameter of 3.0~4.0μm and 70~120μm in length were produced without any additives at the molar ratio of urea and calcium chloride 1.5:1, microwave power 600W. The morphology, size and crystal structure were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The formation process of aragonite hexagonal columnar-shaped calcium carbonate was discussed.

scholarly journals X-ray Total Scattering Study of Phases Formed from Cement Phases Carbonation

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Ana Cuesta ◽  
Angeles G. De la Torre ◽  
Miguel A. G. Aranda
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Pair Distribution Function ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanocrystalline And Amorphous ◽  
Scattering Study ◽  
Durability Performance

Carbonation in cement binders has to be thoroughly understood because it affects phase assemblage, binder microstructure and durability performance of concretes. This is still not the case as the reaction products can be crystalline, nanocrystalline and amorphous. The characterisation of the last two types of components are quite challenging. Here, carbonation reactions have been studied in alite-, belite- and ye’elimite-containing pastes, in controlled conditions (3% CO2 and RH = 65%). Pair distribution function (PDF) jointly with Rietveld and thermal analyses have been applied to prove that ettringite decomposed to yield crystalline aragonite, bassanite and nano-gibbsite without any formation of amorphous calcium carbonate. The particle size of gibbsite under these conditions was found to be larger (~5 nm) than that coming from the direct hydration of ye’elimite with anhydrite (~3 nm). Moreover, the carbonation of mixtures of C-S-H gel and portlandite, from alite and belite hydration, led to the formation of the three crystalline CaCO3 polymorphs (calcite, aragonite and vaterite), amorphous silica gel and amorphous calcium carbonate. In addition to their PDF profiles, the thermal analyses traces are thoroughly analysed and discussed.

scholarly journals X-ray diffraction, cements and environment, three worlds in one.

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Angeles G. De la Torre ◽  
Diana Londono-Zuluaga ◽  
Jesus D. Zea-Garcia ◽  
Marta García-Maté ◽  
Gema Álvarez-Pinazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

This keynote lecture will be focused on the strategies for reducing CO2 emissions in the cement production. Concretely, the production of ecocements with optimised formulations that yield reductions in CO2 emissions of up to 25%, when compared to OPC production. Phase assemblage has to be carefully optimised to be competitive and these new ecocements should develop compressive strengths of at least 50 MPa at 28 days of hydration. Optimised compositions of several ecocements will be discussed, but all of them are ye'elimite or calcium sulphoaluminate containing ones: belite-ye'elimite-ferrite (BYF), belite-alite-ye'elimite (BAY) and ye'elimite rich ones (CSA). The clinkering temperature of BYF and BAY has to be established to obtain the targeted phase assemblages. Moreover, the stabilisation of alpha-forms of belite is needed to develop high mechanical strengths at early ages. The benefits of the use of waste materials (such as fly ash or slag) as additions to ecocements are three-fold: lower CO2 emissions due to clinker replacement; valorisation of “useless” products that need a lot of landscape and the consequent efficient consumption of raw materials; and to enhance mechanical properties of the corresponding mortars. The design of appropriate CSA, BYF and BAY mortars, with the final aim of knowing and controlling the hydration mechanisms, will be presented. Particularly, the role of i) type and amount of set regulator (gypsum, anhydrite, etc.), ii) water/cement ratio (w/c); iii) superplasticiser; and iv) pozzolanic additions will be discussed. The role of these parameters in the microstructure and hydraulic behaviour has been investigated through traditional techniques as well as advanced synchrotron characterisation. The formers include laboratory/synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction combined with Rietveld methodology (to obtain phase assemblage), electron microscopy techniques for paste microstructure determination, rheological studies (to control the effect of the different additives, w/c ratio and setting time retarders) and mechanical tests (setting times, compressive strengths and dimensional stability). The latters comprise a group of techniques available at synchrotrons such as: i) high temperature x-ray diffraction for clinkering studies and ii) total scattering data to be analysed by pair distribution function, PDF.

Usability of field X-ray fluorescence analyzers for determination of the chemistry of cement raw materials - using an example of Mokrá Quarry

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zimák ◽  
Kristýna Dalajková ◽  
Roman Donocik ◽  
Petr Krist ◽  
Daniel Reif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Waste and Solar Energy: An Eco-Friendly Way for Glass Melting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Isabel Padilla ◽  
Maximina Romero ◽  
José I. Robla ◽  
Aurora López-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Melting ◽  
Glass Network ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
The Aluminum Industry

In this work, concentrated solar energy (CSE) was applied to an energy-intensive process such as the vitrification of waste with the aim of manufacturing glasses. Different types of waste were used as raw materials: a hazardous waste from the aluminum industry as aluminum source; two residues from the food industry (eggshell and mussel shell) and dolomite ore as calcium source; quartz sand was also employed as glass network former. The use of CSE allowed obtaining glasses in the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO system at exposure time as short as 15 min. The raw materials, their mixtures, and the resulting glasses were characterized by means of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. The feasibility of combining a renewable energy, as solar energy and different waste for the manufacture of glasses, would highly contribute to circular economy and environmental sustainability.

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