A Compact and Efficient Technology to Treat Tailings Water Characterized by High Alkalinity and Ca(II) and Pb(II) Concentration

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2278-2282
Author(s):  
Si Qing Liu ◽  
Xiong Tong ◽  
Bao Xu Song

The tailings water of Luoba lead-zinc concentrator in Gansu China is characterized by high pH value and calcium oxide content, moreover, the concentration of lead ions, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand (BOD and COD) exceed the regulatory discharge standard. Studies on the combined use of ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) and LSQ (an innovative regent developed by Kunming University of Science and Technology) were conducted to treat the wastewater. Results show that the quality of treated tailings water by calcium removal-neutralization process can meet the regulatory discharge standard. Results show that the treated water can be reused for flotation, which helps to upgrade the quality of the concentrate and makes no difference with the fresh water used in the concentrator.

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 1914-1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jaouad ◽  
M. Villain-Gambier ◽  
L. Mandi ◽  
B. Marrot ◽  
N. Ouazzani

Abstract Membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been proven to be an efficient technology capable of treating various industrial effluents. However, the evaluation of its performances in the case of olive mill wastewater (OMW) over a conventional activated sludge (CAS) have not been determined yet. The present study aims to compare OMW treatment in two laboratory scale pilots: an external ceramic MBR and CAS starting with an acclimation step in both reactors by raising OMW concentration progressively. After the acclimation step, the reactors received OMW at 2 gCOD/L with respect to an organic loading rate of 0.2 and 0.3 kgCOD/kgMLVSS/d for MBR and CAS, respectively. Biomass acclimation occurred successfully in both systems; however, the MBR tolerated more OMW toxicity than CAS as the MBR always maintained an effluent with a better quality. At a stable state, a higher reduction of 95% chemical oxygen demand (COD) was obtained with MBR compared to CAS (86%), but both succeeded in polyphenols removal (80%). Moreover, a higher MLSS elimination from the MBR treated water (97%) was measured against 88% for CAS. Therefore, CAS was suitable for OMW treatment and MBR could be proposed as an alternative to CAS when a better quality of treated water is required.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mukhlesur Rahman ◽  
M Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Mohammed Kamrul Huda

The chemical properties are the most important factors in the aquatic environment. The present study was carried out to analyze the chemical properties of the water of the Kaptai lake, Rangamati. The investigation was done from December, 2007 to November, 2008, during four seasons in two sites and three sub-sites. The main aim of the present research was to analyze the water quality of the Kaptai lake. Chemical properties of the water of this lake were determined by different standard methods. The chemical properties of water varied in different sites and seasons. The value of pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) was higher in undisturbed (UD) area than in less disturbed (LD) and disturbed (D) area (UD>LD>D). The nitrate (NO3) value was higher in disturbed area than undisturbed and less disturbed area (D>UD>LD). The phosphate (PO4) value was higher in less disturbed area than disturbed and undisturbed area (LD>D>UD). The electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD) chemical oxygen demand (COD) were higher in disturbed area than less disturbed and undisturbed area (D>LD>UD). The potassium (K) value was LD>UD>D. The pH value was higher in winter (W) than in late monsoon (LM), early monsoon (EM) and monsoon (M) (W>LM>EM>M). The NO3 -1 value was EM>M>LM>W>EM. The PO4 -2 value was LM>M>W>EM. The EC value was W>LM>M>EM. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) value was EM> W>LM>M. The DO value was higher in monsoon than late monsoon, early monsoon, and winter (M>LM>EM>W). The COD was EM>M>W>LM. The K value was EM>W>M>LM. The highest value of pH, K, NO3 and BOD were recorded in the Kaptai hydroelectricity project area (site –A) and the highest value of the DO, EC and COD were recorded in the Longudu area (site-B). This study is the first initiative to assess the detail chemical properties of water of the Kaptai lake.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(2): 11-17, 2017 (December)


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Memey Suhaya Putri ◽  
Etih Hartati ◽  
Djaenudin Djaenudin

<p>The use of excessive synthetic coagulants and continuously will have a negative impact because of the increasing amount of mud volume can accumulate in the human body. The quality of Cikapundung River water has decreased every year, so it is necessary to treat Cikapundung River water through a process of coagulation and flocculation using coagulants made from nanocytin, chitosan and commercial chitosan. Measurement of these parameters uses the gravimetric and titrimetri method. The dose of coagulant used in the process of coagulation and flocculation is 10 mg / L, by varying the pH value of pH 5, pH 7 and pH 9 and the flocculation time variations of 15 minutes, 20 minutes and 25 minutes. The measurement results showed with a dose of coagulant 10 mg / L, commercial chitosan pH 5 flocculation times of 25 minutes can reduce the TSS concentration of 12 mg / L with 99.38% total suspended allowance. Concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand 13.12 mg / L with 98.91% allowance. The TSS value has fulfilled the quality standard according to Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 concerning Management of Water Quality and Water Pollution Control in the first class.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Tran Thanh Đat ◽  
Trinh Trong Nguyen ◽  
Thai Van Nam

Using natural coagulants derived from available and popular plants ensures the quality of wastewater discharged, saving costs for businesses, environmentally friendly. SEM results show that surface of the material is rough with the multi-layered structure that increases the contact areas, deep holes with undefined shapes on materials will increase diffusion and absorption of dirty residues of different sizes. To investigate the effectiveness of textile wastewater treatment by dried Nopal Cactus powder, the Jartest model was used to identify the best parameters for handling color levels and chemical oxygen demand (COD) treatment of artificial wastewater sources. Jartest experiment identified the best values for removing color levels and COD: pH = 3, dried Nopal Cactus powder amount of 100mg/L, stirring velocity of 40 rpm; stirring time of 10 minutes. The efficiency of processing color levels and COD with the best parameters are 87.85% and 60.21%, respectively. Regarding the efficiency of processing textile wastewater, there shows an average color reduction efficiency (52.89%), low-level COD treatment (25.56%). Optimal result: with dyeing textile wastewater sample, the input COD value is 260 mg/L, the color level is 470Pt-Co. The experiment with 36 test modes is run by STAGRAPHIC XV software and analyzed by ANOVA combination of 2 variables COD and color levels, the results with the highest performance for the color level and COD are 77.07% and 59.11% respectively. The optimal pH value is 2.6, the amount of dried Nopal Cactus powder is 80 mg/L, stirring velocity is 40.0 rpm, the time is 8.2 minutes


Author(s):  
Р.С. РЕШЕТОВА ◽  
В.О. ГОРОДЕЦКИЙ ◽  
О.Ю. БГАНЦЕВА ◽  
С.О. СЕМЕНИХИН

На основе анализа механизма диссоциации гидроксида кальция в известково-сахарных растворах и реакций известково-сахарных соединений на стадиях предварительной прогрессивной и основной дефекаций обосновано влияние возврата карбоната кальция в виде суспензии сатурационных осадков при проведении преддефекации на качество очищенного сока. Установленные теоретические положения подтверждены серией экспериментов. Исследовано влияние возвратов на снижение степени разрушения осадка преддефекованного сока с чистотой 88,7% при повышении щелочности. Для трех образцов диффузионного сока проводили прогрессивную преддефекацию, дефекацию с одинаковым расходом извести и при одинаковых технологических режимах (температуре и длительности). Для 1-го образца преддефекацию проводили только известковым молоком, без возвратов суспензий сатурационных осадков. Для 2-го образца наряду с известковым молоком добавляли 20-процентную суспензию осадка сока первой сатурации в количестве 50% к массе сока. Для 3-го образца преддефекацию проводили известковым молоком с возвратом 20-процентной суспензии осадка сока второй сатурации, содержащей 7% твердой фракции. Установлено, что во всех образцах при добавлении извести после преддефекации в сахарных растворах повышается содержание растворимых солей кальция. Для подтверждения влияния высокой щелочности при дефекации на разрушение части образованного на преддефекации осадка проведены исследования в заводской лаборатории на производственных соках. Преддефекованный сок делили на два образца. Для 1-го образца отделяли осадок отстаиванием до основной дефекации, во 2-м образце сок подвергали дефекации без отделения осадка. Оба образца обрабатывали известью в количестве 2,0% СаО к массе сока в течение 20 мин при температуре 50–52°С. Установлено, что в отсутствие осадка преддефекованного сока повышение содержания солей кальция в дефекованном соке значительно меньше, чем в его присутствии. Доказано, что при известково-углекислотной очистке для повышения положительного влияния двухзарядного иона кальция и снижения отрицательного воздействия однозарядного иона гидроксикальция целесообразно проводить предварительную дефекацию при плавном нарастании щелочности и при конечном значении рН в пределах от 10,8 до 11,2 для исключения накопления растворимых солей кальция; осуществлять возврат суспензии осадка сока второй сатурации для снижения содержания растворимых солей в сахарных растворах за счет более прочной связи несахаров в частицах осадка и препятствования их разрушения при высокой щелочности. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of dissociation of calcium hydroxide in lime-sugar solutions and reactions of lime-sugar compounds at the stages of preliminary progressive and basic defecation, the effect of the return of calcium carbonate in the form of a suspension of carbonation sediment during preliminary defection on the quality of purified juice is justified. The established theoretical positions are confirmed by a series of experiments. The effect of returns on reducing the degree of destruction of the sediment of pre-defected juice with a purity of 88,7% with an increase in alkalinity was studied. For three samples of diffusion juice, progressive preliminary defection, defecation with the same lime consumption and under the same technological conditions (temperature and duration) were carried out. For the 1st sample preliminary defecation conducted only with milk of lime, no refunds suspensions carbonation sediments. For the 2nd sample, along with lime milk, a 20% suspension of sediment of the first saturation juice was added in an amount of 50% to the juice mass. For the 3rd sample, preliminary defection was carried out with lime milk with the return of a 20% suspension of sediment the juice of the second saturation containing 7% of the solid fraction. It is established that in all samples by the addition of lime after preliminary defecation in sugar solutions the content of soluble calcium salts increases. To confirm the effect of high alkalinity during defecation on the destruction of part of the sediment formed on the preliminary defection studies in the factory laboratory on production juices were carried out. The preliminary defected juice was divided into two samples. For the 1st sample the sediment was separated by settling to the basic defecation, in the 2nd sample the juice was subjected to defecation without sediment separation. Both samples were treated with lime in an amount of 2,0% CaO to the juice mass for 20 min at a temperature of 50–52°C. It was found that in the absence of sediment of the preliminary defected juice, the increase of calcium salts in the defected juice is much less than in its presence. It is proved that in lime-carbon dioxide purification to increase the positive effect of a double-charged calcium ion and reduce the negative impact of a single-charge hydroxycalcium ion, it is advisable to carry out preliminary defecation with a smooth increase in alkalinity and at a final pH value in the range from 10,8 to 11,2 to exclude the accumulation of soluble calcium salts; to return the suspension of the saturation sediment of juice the second to reduce the content of soluble salts in sugar solutions due to a stronger bond of non-sugars in the sediment particles and prevent their destruction at high alkalinity.


2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 1885-1889
Author(s):  
Yan Zhuang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Li Kun Zheng

Concrete has been one of the most widely used materials in Engineering, which also induced the problems of vegetation destruction, soil erosion, and even deterioration for ecosystems. The ecological concrete was proposed to reinforce the slope due to its characteristics of high strength and large porosity to ensure the growth of plants. However the high alkalinity for ordinary portland cement constrained the growth of plants. An experimental test including 15 groups of samples was carried out to evaluate the effects of materials including polycarboxylate superplasticizer, calcium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, silica fume, ferrous sulfate and calcium lignosulfonate on pH value for ecological concrete. Under the condition that the compressive strength and porosity meet the requirement of ecological concrete, two sets of additives were proposed, which are suitable for the slope with high strength and the slope with low alkalinity requirements respectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Mukasa-Tebandeke I. Z ◽  
Karume I ◽  
Wasajja H. Z ◽  
Nankinga R

Pollution resulting from increased human activities is threatening Lake Victoria, its effects are characterized by eutrophication, high turbidity, pH, iron(II) concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study we have investigated the effect of Fe-montmorillonite clay from Chelel on turbidity, pH, concentration of iron, total suspended soils, total nutrients and COD of water sampled from Murchison bay watershed of Nakivubo channel south of Kampala. Varying amounts of clay powder was vigorously stirred with water samples for 5 minutes, filtered using Whitman paper at ambient temperatures. The optimum concentration of clay of 0.4gl-1 was found to produce 73.5+ 2% fall in COD indicating elimination of microbes and organic waste. The pH of water became 6.3+ 0.2 showing that impurities had been bound to clay. The turbidity of filtrate dropped to 15.7+ 0.3NTUshowing that clarity of water was improved by adsorption of suspended solids to clay minerals. The concentration of iron(II) fell from 3.7 + 0.3 to 2.5+ 0.2mgl-1 indicating fairly high extent of heavy metal removal from Murchison bay (MB) waters. The TSS and nutrients in MB water   also decreased greatly when clay was stirred with water at ambient temperatures. The available data can be relied on to recommend use of this clay in treatment of waste water and/or sewage from Kampala. Further studies on combined use of clays with alums, zeolites and/or lime need to be carried out. 


2019 ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Mukasa-Tebandeke I. Z. ◽  
Karume I. ◽  
Wasajja H. Z. ◽  
Nankinga R.

Pollution resulting from increased human activities is threatening Lake Victoria, its effects are characterized by eutrophication, high turbidity, pH, iron(II) concentration and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study we have investigated the effect of Fe-montmorillonite clay from Chelel on turbidity, pH, concentration of iron, total suspended soils, total nutrients and COD of water sampled from Murchison bay watershed of Nakivubo channel south of Kampala. Varying amounts of clay powder was vigorously stirred with water samples for 5 minutes, filtered using Whatman paper at ambient temperatures. The optimum concentration of clay of 0.4 gL-1 was found to produce 73.5+2% fall in COD indicating elimination of microbes and organic waste. The pH of water became 6.3+ 0.2 showing that impurities had been bound to clay. The TSS and nutrients in MB water also decreased greatly when clay was stirred with water at ambient temperatures. The available data can be relied on to recommend use of this clay in treatment of waste water and/or sewage from Kampala. Further studies on combined use of clays with alums, zeolites and/or lime need to be carried out.


2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Yuhua Gao ◽  
Haihua Li ◽  
Yuxuan Zheng ◽  
Ruhui Guo ◽  
Zhenfa Liu

The water quality of Hengshui Lake in different regions and at different times was analyzed. According to the data analysis results of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP), calcium ion content, total hardness, chloride ion content, pH value and conductivity of Hengshui Lake water samples, the water quality of Hengshui Lake was evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the pollution of Hengshui Lake was mainly organic matter pollution, especially non-biodegradable organic matter pollution. The value of TN was higher than the Class III water, which showed that the self purification capacity of Hengshui Lake water body was weaker. The water quality of Hengshui Lake was better, but the treatment of organic pollution should be paid attention to.


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