Hexagonal NaYF4 Nanotube Arrays Obtained via Solvothermal Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 667-670
Author(s):  
Li Tian ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Fei Yu Chen ◽  
Qi Liang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Yttrium Nitrate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Yttrium Fluoride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Practical Applications

Hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride has been successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal route, using yttrium nitrate, sodium fluoride and polyethanediol as raw materials to react in propanetriol solvent. The as-prepared product was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum. The characterization results revealed that the products are hexagonal and denoted as NaYF4. The as-synthesized hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride composed of hollow-structured nanotubes self-assembled and arrayed orientedly to take on bamboo raft morphology. Hexagonal NaYF4 nanotube arrays exhibited high heat stability. This study provides a simple method to prepare bamboo raft-shaped NaYF4 in large scale, which broads their practical applications.

scholarly journals Separation and Purification of Two Flavone Glucuronides fromErigeron multiradiatus(Lindl.) Benth with Macroporous Resins

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-feng Zhang ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Pei Luo ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Preparative Separation ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Scale Separation ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Macroporous Resins

Scutellarein-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (SG) and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (AG) are two major bioactive constituents with known pharmacological effects inErigeron multiradiatus. In this study, a simple method for preparative separation of the two flavone glucuronides was established with macroporous resins. The performance and adsorption characteristics of eight macroporous resins including AB-8, HPD100, HPD450, HPD600, D100, D101, D141, and D160 have been evaluated. The results confirmed that D141 resin offered the best adsorption and desorption capacities and the highest desorption ratio for the two glucuronides among the tested resins. Sorption isotherms were constructed for D141 resin under optimal ethanol conditions and fitted well to the Freundlich and Langmuir models (R2>0.95). Dynamic adsorption and desorption tests was performed on column packed with D141 resin. After one-run treatment with D141 resin, the two-constituent content in the final product was increased from 2.14% and 1.34 % in the crude extract ofErigeron multiradiatusto 24.63% and 18.42% in the final products with the recoveries of 82.5% and 85.4%, respectively. The preparative separation of SG and AG can be easily and effectively achieved via adsorption and desorption on D141 resin, and the method developed can be referenced for large-scale separation and purification of flavone glucuronides from herbal raw materials.

scholarly journals Ionic liquid–based click-ionogels

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. eaax0648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyuan Ren ◽  
Jiangna Guo ◽  
Ziyang Liu ◽  
Zhe Sun ◽  
Yiqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
High Ultimate Tensile Strength

Gels that are freeze-resistant and heat-resistant and have high ultimate tensile strength are desirable in practical applications owing to their potential in designing flexible energy storage devices, actuators, and sensors. Here, a simple method for fabricating ionic liquid (IL)–based click-ionogels using thiol-ene click chemistry under mild condition is reported. These click-ionogels continue to exhibit excellent mechanical properties and resilience after 10,000 fatigue cycles. Moreover, due to several unique properties of ILs, these click-ionogels exhibit high ionic conductivity, transparency, and nonflammability performance over a wide temperature range (−75° to 340°C). Click-ionogel–based triboelectric nanogenerators exhibit excellent mechanical, freeze-thaw, and heat stability. These promising features of click-ionogels will promote innovative applications in flexible and safe device design.

Study on the Viability of Using Drill Cuttings from the Potiguar Basin in the Production of Ceramic Products: Influence of Concentration and Firing Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Coutinho Medeiros ◽  
Ana P.C. Câmara ◽  
Daniel A. Macedo ◽  
D.M.A. Melo ◽  
Marcus A.F. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Materials Used

Drill cuttings are wastes produced on a large scale during the drilling of oil wells. Although there are several treatment techniques, there is still no consensus on which one are the best for the economy and environmental. On the other hand, one of the alternatives for the reuse of this waste, and purpose of the present study, is the incorporation of drill cuttings in clay matrixes. The raw materials used in this work, a mixture of clays and drill cuttings, were investigated by two basic techniques of characterization. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. In order to evaluate the effect of the content of drill cuttings on the technological properties of sintered ceramics, different formulations containing from 0 wt.% to 100 wt.% of drill cuttings in a clay matrix were obtained. Ceramic samples were obtained by firing at temperatures ranging from 850 °C to 1050 °C. The fired specimens were characterized by water absorption, firing linear shrinkage, resistance to bending three points and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results indicated that the incorporation of drill cuttings is a viable alternative for the manufacture of several ceramics products, such as solid masonry bricks and ceramic blocks, at certain concentrations and firing temperatures.

scholarly journals Efficient Mercury Removal at Ultralow Metal Concentrations by Cysteine Functionalized Carbon-Coated Magnetite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8262
Author(s):  
Assadawoot Srikhaow ◽  
Teera Butburee ◽  
Weeraphat Pon-On ◽  
Toemsak Srikhirin ◽  
Kanchana Uraisin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Carbon Coated

This work reports the preparation and utility of cysteine-functionalized carbon-coated Fe3O4 materials (Cys-C@Fe3O4) as efficient sorbents for remediation of Hg(II)-contaminated water. Efficient removal (90%) of Hg(II) from 1000 ppb aqueous solutions is possible, at very low Cys-C@Fe3O4 sorbent loadings (0.01 g sorbent per liter of Hg(II) solution). At low metal concentrations (5–100 ppb Hg(II)), where adsorption is typically slow, Hg(II) removal efficiencies of 94–99.4% were achievable, resulting in final Hg(II) levels of <1.0 ppb. From adsorption isotherms, the Hg(II) adsorption capacity for Cys-C@Fe3O4 is 94.33 mg g−1, around three times that of carbon-coated Fe3O4 material. The highest partition coefficient (PC) of 2312.5 mgg−1µM−1 was achieved at the initial Hg (II) concentration of 100 ppb, while significantly high PC values of 300 mgg−1µM−1 and above were also obtained in the ultralow concentration range (≤20 ppb). Cys-C@Fe3O4 exhibits excellent selectivity for Hg(II) when tested in the presence of Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions, is easily separable from aqueous media by application of an external magnet, and can be regenerated for three subsequent uses without compromising Hg(II) uptake. Derived from commercially available raw materials, it is highly possible to achieve large-scale production of the functional sorbent for practical applications.

Large Scale Synthesis of Dendritic CdS Nanostrucutres

2013 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Meng Le Sun ◽  
Yan Xin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cds Nanostructures ◽  
First Time

Single crystalline CdS dendrites were successfully synthesized in high yield by a simple and facile hydrothermal method. The allyl thiourea and CdCl2•5H2O were used as raw materials for the synthesis of dendritic CdS nanostructures for the first time. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope and selected area electron diffraction. The results demonstrate that the petal in an individual dendritic CdS nanoarchitecture is single crystalline and prefers growth along the [101] direction. The reaction parameters affected the CdS morphology were investigated systematically. It is found that the morphology of the samples are strongly dependent on the cadmium source, sulfide source, the reaction time and the solvent, the temperature has no effect on the morphology of the products. The possible mechanism was proposed for the formation of dendritic CdS nanostructures

scholarly journals Study of Ti-V-Cr metal hydrides by neutron powder diffraction

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1762-C1762
Author(s):  
Thomas Bibienne ◽  
Roxana Flacau ◽  
Jean-Louis Bobet ◽  
Jacques Huot
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Slow Kinetics ◽  
Melt Synthesis

Metal hydrides are interesting materials from a fundamental as well as practical point of view. In particular, Ti-based BCC solid solutions are considered as promising candidates for mobile applications because of their high volumetric capacities and room temperature operation. However, the slow kinetics of the first hydrogenation, the so-called activation step, is an important hurdle in the use of these alloys for practical applications. It has recently been shown that doping a Ti-V-Cr composition with Zr7Ni10 leads to a fast activation kinetic without heating treatment [1]. We studied the effect of this doping on two new Ti-V-Cr compositions: 52Ti-12V-36Cr and 42Ti-21V-37Cr. Two different doping methods were investigated: i) a single-melt synthesis where the raw materials (i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr and Ni) chunks were mixed and arc-melted; ii) co-melt synthesis where 52Ti-12V-36Cr and 7Zr-10Ni were arc-melted independently and thereafter re-melted together. Using only X-ray diffraction for structural identification does not provide information about hydrogen localization. Therefore, neutron diffraction is essential for complete determination of this class of hydrides. The peculiarity of the present alloys is that, for neutron diffraction, the scattering lengths of the elements almost cancel. Therefore, the neutron pattern of as-cast alloy shows very small Bragg peaks but the advantage is that the hydride is very easy to see and analyze. We performed in-situ neutron diffraction experiments during dehydrogenation of these materials to see the transition from the dihydride to monohydride. These measurements were complementary to X-ray and synchrotron radiation diffraction and enabled a better crystal structure determination of these alloys

Study on Photocatalytic Properties of La–Nd/ZnO in UV-vis Region and Possibility of Large-Scale Effluent Treatment Containing Reactive Dyes

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150073
Author(s):  
Liuqi Cao ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Mingrui Xie ◽  
Yong Shen ◽  
Lihui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compound Material ◽  
Visible Irradiation ◽  
Nanometer Zinc Oxide

Flower-shaped nanometer zinc oxide and its complex incorporating La–Nd have been prepared using hydrothermal method with zinc chloride and urea as raw materials, ethylene glycol as morphology controller. The powdered samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, photocatalytic test with solutions of reactive dyes as indicators. In conclusion, the optimum doping ratios of La/Nd are considered to be 3%/3%. When 3%La–3%Nd/ZnO was served as photocatalyst, considerable degradations of dyes were caused under the ultraviolet and visible light without exception, owing to the expanded excitation wavelength and reduced band gap of ZnO after incorporating. While using the compound material in effluent treatment containing reactive dyes, the decomposition rate of dyes, respectively, reached 99.99% and 80% or more under UV-light and visible irradiation for 60 min, appreciable removal effects of organic pollutants were obtained, testifying 3%La–3%Nd/ZnO to be a splendid UV-Vis catalyst.

scholarly journals A highly efficient porous rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the degradation of dye contaminants in water

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1157-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binjing Hu ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Chengyi Zuo ◽  
Yunxin Pei ◽  
Siwei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Doped Zno

A mild and simple method was developed to synthesize a highly efficient photocatalyst comprised of Ce-doped ZnO rods and optimal synthesis conditions were determined by testing samples with different Ce/ZnO molar ratios calcined at 500 °C for 3 hours via a one-step pyrolysis method. The photocatalytic activity was assessed by the degradation of a common dye pollutant found in wastewater, rhodamine B (RhB), using a sunlight simulator. The results showed that ZnO doped with 3% Ce exhibits the highest RhB degradation rate. To understand the crystal structure, elemental state, surface morphology and chemical composition, the photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP), respectively. The newly developed, robust, field-only surface integral method was employed to explore the relationship between the remarkable catalytic effect and the catalyst shape and porous microstructure. The computational results showed that the dipole-like field covers the entire surface of the rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst and is present over the entire range of wavelengths considered. The optimum degradation conditions were determined by orthogonal tests and range analysis, including the concentration of RhB and catalyst, pH value and temperature. The results indicate that the pH value is the main influential factor in the photocatalytic degradation process and the optimal experimental conditions to achieve the maximum degradation rate of 97.66% in 2 hours are as follows: concentration (RhB) = 10 mg/L, concentration (catalyst) = 0.7 g/L, pH 9.0 and T = 50 °C. These optimum conditions supply a helpful reference for large-scale wastewater degradation containing the common water contaminant RhB.

A Simple and Novel Method for Large-Scale Preparation of Stable Copper Nanoparticles

2010 ◽  
Vol 663-665 ◽  
pp. 906-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li Wen ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Photoelectron Spectra ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scale Preparation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Optimal Average

A simple and novel preparation method for Cu nanoparticles has been suggested in this work. Its main innovative thought lies in preparing nano-copper in liquid paraffin without addition of other reductant. The paraffin is cheap and nontoxic, and the copper nanoparticles prepared by this method are not oxidized when exposed to air at room temperature. The obtained nano-copper has been characterized by X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The TEM results confirm that the optimal average size of nanoparticles is about 20 nm. The effects of time, temperature and surfactant on the size of nano-copper have been investigated. The results show that the optimized conditions are reaction temperature of 250 oC and reaction time of 3 h. By this method, the raw materials are cheap and the process is simple, so it can be applicable to large-scale production of copper nanoparticles.

Replacement of Vanadium by Ferrovanadium in Ti-Based BCC Alloys for Hydrogen Storage

2011 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Tousignant ◽  
Jacques Huot
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Cast State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Hydrogen Capacity ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Positive Effect

Ti-based BCC solid solutions are promising hydrogen storage applications. Unfortunately, the application of these alloys in large scale is hindered by the high cost of vanadium. The solution of this problem may be to replace vanadium by ferro-vanadium (FeV). Here, we report our recent investigation of compositions TiV1-xMn1+x and Ti(FeV)1-xMn1+x where x = -0.2, -0.1, 0, 0.1, 0.2. Each composition was synthesized by arc melting. No subsequent heat treatment was performed. The alloys’ crystal structure in as-cast state and after hydrogenation was inspected by X-ray powder diffraction. We found that replacement of vanadium by ferrovanadium had the positive effect of destabilization of the hydride which makes it more useful for practical applications. Also even if the total hydrogen capacity was reduced, the reversible capacity could be improved. We found that replacement of vanadium by ferrovanadium drastically change the crystal structure of hydrogenated compounds.

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