Effects of Latency Removal on the Fiber Properties of Poplar APMP

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1101-1104
Author(s):  
Lin Qu ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen ◽  
Gui Hua Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Breaking Length

The refining is the important stage in the APMP pulping process, and high temperature pulses generated in this stage make pulp fibers stiff and ankylosis, which can reduce the strength properties of the pulp. Latency removal is the best way to modify pulp fibers properties and improve their strength. This study focused on the effect of latency removal on the properties of the poplar APMP pulp. atency removal can improve effectively the physical properties of the APMP pulp,the breaking length of the latency removal pulp increased 3.06%, burst index increased 1.97%, tear index decreased 6.07%, and brightness increased by 0.38%ISO.in the 60°C. the breaking length of the latency removal pulp increased 11.80%, burst index increased 14.30%, tear index decreased 6.63%, and brightness increased by 0.77%ISO in the 80°C.

Optimization of chemical and enzymatic deinking of photocopier waste paper

BioResources ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 447-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Pathak ◽  
Nishi K. Bhardwaj ◽  
Ajay K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Drainage Time ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Better Than

The utilization of post-consumer papers in the production of new paper products is increasing all over the world in recent years. Recycling of photocopier paper is a major problem due to difficulty in removal of non-impact ink. Enzymes offer potential advantages in ecofriendly deinking of recovered paper. In this study the deinking of photocopier paper was examined using chemicals and a commercial cellulase enzyme. Parameters of deinking experiments were optimized for hydrapulping. The ink was removed by flotation and washing processes. Then these parameters were compared in terms of ink removal ability of the process, as well as optical and strength properties of the deinked paper. The application of enzymatic deinking improved ink removal efficiency by 24.6% and freeness by 21.6% with a reduction in drainage time of 11.5% in comparison to those obtained with chemical deinking. The physical properties, namely burst index and tensile index, were observed to improve by 15.3% and 2.7%, respectively and brightness and tear index decreased by 2.1% and 21.9%, respectively. Results of deinking efficiency of photocopier paper showed that the enzyme used in the present work performed better than the conventional chemicals used for deinking.

Enhancement of processability, surface, and mechanical properties of paper based on rice straw pulp using biopolymers for packaging applications

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 431-440
Author(s):  
SHUBHANG BHARDWAJ ◽  
NISHI KANT BHARDWAJ ◽  
YUVRAJ SINGH NEGI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Oxidized Starch ◽  
Surface Sizing ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Breaking Length ◽  
Crush Strength

Two biopolymers, chitosan and oxidized starch, were used as wet-end additives to improve the strength properties of the paper because of their biodegradable and non-hazardous qualities. The present study reports the improvement in surface and strength properties of packaging-grade paper made with rice straw pulp using biopolymers, chitosan, oxidized starch, and surface sizing added at the wet end of the paper machine. Use of chitosan at all doses from 0.5 to 10 kg/ton enhanced important surface and strength properties of paper. The breaking length, tear index, burst index, ring crush strength, stretch, tensile energy absorption index, and Taber stiffness of the paper with 10 kg/ton of chitosan as a wet-end additive showed 22%, 14%, 20%, 59%, 16%, 44%, and 48% improvement, respectively, in comparison to control, (i.e, without its addition). The Cobb60 was also reduced by 45%, showing better resistance to water in comparison to rice straw paper alone. The effects of chitosan added at the wet end on the paper surface were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The use of 10 kg/ton of chitosan at the wet end reduced the color and total suspended solids in the back water of the papermaking system by 55% and 51%, respectively. Further enhancement in the surface and strength properties of paper was observed following surface sizing with oxidized starch.

Spruce fiber properties after high-temperature thermomechanical pulping (HT-TMP)

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iina Solala ◽  
Toni Antikainen ◽  
Mehedi Reza ◽  
Leena-Sisko Johansson ◽  
Mark Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Wall Region ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulping

Abstract Spruce was submitted to high-temperature (150°C–170°C) refining for 2 or 5 min to produce thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers with decreased electrical energy consumption. The pulp was characterized in terms of specific energy consumption as well as tensile and surface properties. The fibers from high-temperature TMP contained more surface lignin even if all sample types usually broke at the S1–S2 cell wall region. They also produced significantly weaker paper sheets, whereas their dry zero-span strength did not suffer substantial losses, indicating decreased fiber-fiber bonding. Tensile strength properties were also determined of a bisphenol-A-epichlorohydrin-based epoxy resin mixed with 5% fiber as a test for fiber-matrix compatibility in composite applications. Based on these preliminary results, high-temperature TMP shows potential for composite reinforcement due to its lower tendency to aggregate and its better compatibility with the tested matrix material.

scholarly journals Effects of Mixing Ratio of Heavily Beaten Pinus merkusii Pulp on Physical Properties of Kraft Acacia nilotica Pulp Sheets

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Ganis Lukmandaru ◽  
Fajar Setiaji ◽  
M. Rena Siagian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Pinus Merkusii

Paper industries commonly produce pulp sourced from a mixture of pulps, rather than from a single pulp, to obtain desired properties. In addition, the beating process is an essential step with respect to physical properties of pulp. Kraft pine (Pinus merkusii/PM) pulps were beaten to different degrees, i.e 200~300 CSF (heavy-beating) and 300~400 CSF (moderatebeating), paper sheets then were formed from each beaten sample. It was found that the strength properties of prepared paper sheets decreased the longer they were beaten, particularly as seen by the tear index and fold number. By microscopic investigation, it was found that cut or shortened fibers occurred very frequently in the pine pulps. Furthermore, the effects of heavily beaten pine pulp additions on handsheet properties of kraft pulps of Acacia nilotica (AN) were investigated. Four different mixing ratios by weight of AN/PM from 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30 during beating, as well as four different kappa numbers of AN pulps (32.5, 34.0, 34.2, and 35.9) were applied. In general, the decrease in strength properties (3~25%) that occurred with increasing pine pulp ratio was more evident between pulp without pine and a 30% ratio of pine pulps. Fold number was reduced considerably (2.8~24.7%) by the blend composition but less pronounced in tear index (3.0~8.9%) from the initial values. However, the 10% or 20% ratio of PM pulps could increase opacity, brightness, and strength properties in some cases. No clear trend was found with increasing kappa number.

scholarly journals Role of Cellulose Nanofibrils in Improving the Strength Properties of Papers: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thabisile Brightwell Jele ◽  
Prabashni Lekha ◽  
Bruce Sithole
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breaking Length

Abstract The pursuit for sustainability in the papermaking industry calls for the elimination or reduction of synthetic additives and the exploration of renewable and biodegradable alternatives. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), due to their inherent morphological and biochemical properties, are an excellent alternative to synthetic additives. These properties enable CNFs to improve the mechanical, functional and barrier properties of different types of paper. The nanosize diameter, micrometre length, semi-crystalline structure, high strength and modulus of CNFs has a direct influence on the mechanical properties of paper such as tensile index, burst index, Scott index, breaking length, tear index, Z-strength, E-modulus, strain at break, and tensile stiffness. This review details the role played by CNFs as an additive to improve strength properties of papers and the factors affecting the improvement in paper quality when CNFs are added as additives. The paper also includes techno-economic aspects of the process and identifies areas that need further research.

scholarly journals MODIFIKASI PERMUKAAN SERAT LBKP DAN HASIL DEINKING DENGAN KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny Kurnia Wirawan ◽  
Nina Elyani ◽  
Jenni Rismijana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Tear Index

The strength properties of paper are strongly affected by fiber quality. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of modification fiber by carboxymethylation of leaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) and deinked pulp (DIP) by using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Carboxymethylation was carried out by addition of various concentration of CMC and cationic agent of CaCl2. Handsheets with 70 gsm were made from the stock, and the physical properties were tested as the tensile index, stretch, tensile energy absorption (TEA), tearing index, and bursting index as well as SEM analysis. The results showed that the highest increase of fiber strength of LBKP and DIP was achieved by addition of 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. For LBKP, the increasing of tensile index was 18.1%, stretch 27%, TEA 30.2%, tear index 7,8 % and burst index 16,7%. Whereas for DIP, the increasing of tensile index reached 29.9%, stretch 22.2%, TEA 61.2%, tear index 20.7% and burst index 63.1%. From the results of SEM analysis showed that the addition of CMC and CaCl2 increased fiber bonding.Keywords: CMC, LBKP, DIP ABSTRAK Sifat kekuatan kertas sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas serat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi serat kraft putih kayu daun (LBKP) dan serat hasil deinking (DIP) dengan karboksimetilasi menggunakan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC). Modifikasi secara karboksimetilasi dilakukan dengan variasi penambahan CMC dan sebagai cationic agent CaCl2. Lembaran dibuat dari stok dengan gramatur 70 gsm, kemudian dilakukan pengujian fisik dengan parameter indeks tarik, regang, TEA, indeks sobek dan indeks retak. Selain itu lembaran juga diuji morfologi dan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peningkatan kekuatan lembaran tertinggi dicapai oleh LBKP maupun DIP, pada kondisi penambahan 1% CMC and 9.19% CaCl2. Untuk LBKP peningkatan indeks tarik adalah 18,1%, regang 27%, TEA 30,2%, indeks sobek 7,8 % dan indeks retak 16,7%. Sedangkan untuk DIP, peningkatan indeks tarik mencapai 29,9%, regang 22,2%, TEA 61,2%, indeks sobek 20,7% dan indeks retak 63,1%. Hasil analisa SEM menunjukan bahwa dengan penambahan CMC dan CaCl2, mengakibatkan terjadi peningkatan ikatan antar serat.Kata kunci: CMC, LBKP, DIP

Nonwood pulping: use of jute cuttings and caddis in Bangladesh

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SARWAR JAHAN ◽  
SUMON GOSH ◽  
M. MOSTAFIZUR RAHMAN ◽  
YONGHAO NI
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Better Than

Utilization of jute cutting and caddis is of social and economic importance in Bangladesh. In this study, soda-anthraquinone, alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone, and neutral sulfite-anthraquinone processes were evaluated for jute-cutting and caddis pulping. The NS-AQ process showed favorable pulp yield and kappa number for both of these raw materials: 66.1% for jute cuttings and 59.9% for caddis at kappa no. 11. The physical properties of NS-AQ pulps were also better than those of soda-AQ and AS-AQ pulps. At 0SR 44, the tensile index of NS-AQ pulp was about 100 N.m/g for jute cutting and 70 N.m/g for caddis, and the tear index was similar. All pulps were bleached by D0EpD1 bleaching sequences. The NS-AQ pulp showed excellent bleachability. Its brightness reached 89.0% for jute cuttings and 85.0% for caddis using total chlorine dioxide of about 15 kg/ton. After bleaching, the strength properties of NS-AQ pulp were slightly better compared to soda-AQ and AS-AQ pulps.

PYROTOOL V

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Iron Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract PYROTOOL V is an austenitic precipitation-hardenable iron-base alloy designed to display high-strength properties at temperatures up to 1300 F (704 C). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Fe-49. Producer or source: Carpenter.

HOKOTOL

Alloy Digest ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Aircraft Industry ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Strength Alloy ◽  
Very High

Abstract Originally developed as a high-strength alloy for the aircraft industry, this alloy was further developed and optimized to satisfy the most demanding applications of the mold construction industry. The resulting mold construction alloy, Hokotol, exhibits very high strength and wear resistance, as well as excellent uniformity of strength properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance. Filing Code: AL-391. Producer or source: Corus Aluminum Rolled Products USA.

scholarly journals Organosolv pulping of olive tree trimmings by use of ethylene glycol/soda/water mixtures

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jiménez ◽  
A. Rodríguez ◽  
M. J. Díaz ◽  
F. López ◽  
J. Ariza
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Soda Pulping ◽  
Breaking Length

Abstract This paper reports on the influence of independent variables in the ethylene glycol/soda pulping of olive wood trimmings (165–195°C, 30–90 min, ethylene glycol concentration 5–15%, soda concentration 2.5–7.5% and liquid/solid ratio 4–6), on the yield and Kappa index of the pulps and the strength properties (breaking length, burst index and tear index) of paper sheets. By using a central composite factorial design, equations that relate each dependent variable to the different independent variables were obtained which reproduced the experimental results for the dependent variables with errors less than 12%. Using a temperature of 184°C, ethylene glycol and soda concentrations of 15% and 7%, respectively, a liquid/solid ratio of 5:1 and a cooking time of 30 min results in yield, Kappa index, breaking length, burst index and tear index values that depart by 14.3%, 8.2%, 17.1%, 17.0% and 2.3%, respectively, from their optimum levels. These conditions result in substantial savings in power consumption and immobilised capital investments as they involve a lower temperature, a lower liquid/solid ratio, and a shorter time than the maximum values tested.

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