Metallogenic Geological Characteristics and Metallogenic Model of Xiachen-Wangchangmu Fluorite Mine in Tiantai Basin, Zhejiang Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 3506-3511
Author(s):  
Hao Zou ◽  
Zhan Zhang Xu ◽  
Yi Fang ◽  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Metallogenic Model ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies

Based on the field geological survey and the previous correlational studies, remote sensing interpretation and field geological survey methods are combined and used in this study. The mineral field geological characteristics, ore body geological characteristics, wall-rock alternation and metallogenic model were analysized and summarized in the XiaChen-WangChangMu fluorite mine in TianTai basin, which is a cretaceous inherited-transition basin that has the advantageous environment riched in fluorite. The main ore-bodies are lenticular or vein-like, and the general strike of ore-body is NW trending, while the dip slip is NE or SW, lateral plunging direction mainly from northwest to southeast. The supposed ore forming process in this area is as follows: atmosphere precipitation seeps into the fracture and pores in the rock. Heated by geothermy or other heat sources, the fluoride were leached out continuously; the ore-forming fluids rise along the ore-controlling fracture during the metallogenic stage as the environment change. SiO2 is the first mineral to be precipitated, then the fluids turn from acid into weak acid, and the fluorite begins to crystallize and form the main ore body, with carbonation symbolizing the end of the mineralization.

Study on the Ore-Controlling Structure of Yanglin’ao Tungsten Deposit and the Mineralization Prediction, Hunan Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Yao Jian Xu ◽  
Ping Zheng ◽  
Man Xiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Tungsten Deposit ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Sandstone Formation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Prospecting Prediction

Yanglin’ao tungsten deposit is a typical mesothermal to hyperthermal filling-metasomatism postmagmatic deposit. It is featured with the structure-controlling distribution of ore-body and mineralization; while veinlet-type ore-bodies are particularly situated at the hanging wall of F24(No.24 of Fault Fracture), and the mineralization is especially concentrated below and above the unconformable surface between Proterozoic Banxi slate group and Middle DevonianYanglin’ao sandstone formation. Geological characteristics, structure forms and its formation mechanisms of ore-controlling structure were studied in this paper and a special tectonic-controlled model was initially set up. Furthermore the author also made mineralization prospecting prediction based on structure characteristics.

scholarly journals Using Topographic Advantages in Formulating a Strategy to Access Ore Bodies at Ban Phuc Nikel Mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Hung Nguyen Phi ◽  
Thang Pham Duc
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Access Method ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ground Support ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Gain Access ◽  
Transport Potential

There are various types of underground mining that are categorized based on the kind of shafts used, the technique of extraction and the process used to get to a deposit. Development mining is composed of excavation almost entirely in (non-valuable) waste rock in order to gain access to the orebody. To start the mining, the first step is to make the path to go down. Development, the work of opening a mineral deposit for exploitation is performed. With it begins the actual mining of the deposit. Access to the deposit must be gained either by stripping the overburden, which is the soil and/or rock covering the deposit,to expose the near- surface ore for mining or by excavating openings from the surface to access more deeply buried deposits to prepare for underground mining. The type of underground mining technique used is typically based on the geology of the area, especially the amount of ground support needed to make mining safe. When using to exploit ore body by underground mining method, the textbook guide in universities of Vietnam had had 4 main strategies include: access by horizontal tunnel lines, access by incline shaft, vertical shaft and combination of above access method. In this study, we developed a solution outside of four above approaches, to take advantage of the topography, transport potential energy, and advantages when constructing sloped incline, backward from outside to inside.

Research of Mining Method for Difficult-to-Mine Ore Bodies in Deep Mine

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1041-1046
Author(s):  
Qi Fa Ge ◽  
Xue Sen Sun ◽  
Wei Gen Zhu ◽  
Qing Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Mining Method ◽  
Deep Mining ◽  
Deep Mine ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
High In Situ Stress ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Back Filling

There are many problems such as depth, high in-situ stress, high ground temperature and rockburst proneness etc. in deep mining. And it is an acknowledged and urgent mining technical puzzle about mining method of gently inclined and medium-thick ore bodies. For such an ore body in West wing of Dongguashan copper mine, if we use traditional mining method, it is hard to conquer such difficulties as high in-situ stress, large open area in roof, removal of mined ore by gravity etc. The theory of “large panel and lower sublevel height” will be easy to solve such problems. This paper use numerical technology to analyze and compare the technical and economical effectiveness for different selected mining method and its structure. The sublevel (at a height of 12 m) open stoping with back-filling by extraction in two steps is quite suitable for ensuring safety, increasing efficiency, productivity and reclaiming resource. The selected method is feasible and well worth spread.

The influence of currents induced in the host rock on electromagnetic response of a spheroid directly beneath a loop

Geophysics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Asymptotic Expression ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Integral Equation Approach ◽  
Em Field ◽  
Special Case

A variety of time‐domain and frequency‐domain electromagnetic (EM) methods has come into use in minerals exploration for detection of conductive ore bodies. Because the responses of these various systems differ markedly from one another, the question arises as to which is the most effective for use in discovering a buried, conductive ore body. The question can be posed as follows: What type of exploration system provides the best signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio, when signal is defined as the anomalous EM field caused by the presence of a target body and noise is defined as EM responses from the surrounding medium? Analytic solution of the problem is tedious and has not yet been reported in the literature. I describe some results for a special case which reduces the complexity of the problem somewhat. The case treated is that of a conducting spheroid situated directly beneath a source loop. The EM responses caused by currents in the spheroid and in the surrounding medium were computed in both the frequency domain and time domain, using the integral equation approach, supplemented with evaluations of asymptotic expression for various field components. Results show that the transient method provides the best S/N ratio of the methods considered.

scholarly journals GEODETIC SUBSTANTIATION OF THE SARYARKA COPPER ORE REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (444) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
M. Nurpeissova ◽  
◽  
M. Zh. Bitimbayev ◽  
К. В. Rysbekov ◽  
K. Derbisov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Geodetic Survey ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tectonic Features

. Information about copper deposits of Kazakhstan, development of which is carried out in the Saryarka region and its role in the development of the mining industry are considered in the article. Geological, structural and tectonic features of the deposits are presented. Research results on improvement methods of studying and geomechanical processes management in the development of mineral resources are presented. It is shown that the problem of geomechanical processes management can be solved on the basis of methodology for rock condition geomonitoring considered in this article, which provides comprehensive accounting and analysis of all natural and technogenic factors, as well as use of control tools developed by the authors. The article presents technical solutions to ensure operational safety during the development of Saryarka region field reserves, which occur in difficult mining and geological conditions. Ore bodies of the deposit have different sizes and are located at different depths, therefore, seismic surveys are carried out. The geodetic network of provisional seismic surveys at the field has been substantiated. It is proposed to conduct surveys using modern geodetic instruments, such as satellite technologies, electronic, digital geodetic instruments. The geodetic survey methods proposed by the authors provide information on the bowels of the earth with a high degree of accuracy.

scholarly journals Application of the Fine-Grained Soil Prospecting Method in Typical Covered Terrains of Northern China

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Hanliang Liu ◽  
Bimin Zhang ◽  
Xueqiu Wang ◽  
Zhixuan Han ◽  
Baoyun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Gobi Desert ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Body Location

In recent years, mineral resources near the surface are becoming scarce, causing focused mineral exploration on concealed deposits in covered terrains. In northern China, covered terrains are widespread and conceal bedrock sequences and mineralization. These represent geochemical challenges for mineral exploration in China. As a deep-penetrating geochemical technology that can reflect the information of deep anomalies, the fine-grained soil prospecting method has achieved ideal test results in arid Gobi Desert covered terrain, semi-arid grassland covered terrain, and alluvium soil covered terrain of northern China. The anomaly range indicated by the fine-grained soil prospecting method is very good with the known ore body location. The corresponding relationship can effectively indicate deep ore bodies and delineate anomalies in unknown areas. Overall, the fine-grained soil prospecting method can be applied to geochemical prospecting and exploration in covered terrains.

scholarly journals Mineralized Granitic Porphyry of the Yangla Copper Deposit, Western Yunnan, China: Geochemistry of Fluid Inclusions and H-O, S, and Pb Isotopes

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfu Wang ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
ShenJin Guan ◽  
Olivier Nadeau ◽  
Guo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Copper Deposit ◽  
Magmatic Fluid ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
Western Yunnan

The Yangla copper deposit (YCD) is located in the central part of the Jinshajiang tectonic belt (Jinshajiang metallogenic belt) and is one of the most important copper deposits which has the large-scale copper reserves of the northwestern Yunnan, China. The ore bodies are strictly controlled by the stratum, pluton, and structure, which are layered, lens, and vein-like within the contact or fracture zone of the pluton and surrounding rock. At Yangla, two styles of mineralization occur at the brecciated contact zone between the pluton (granodiorite and granitic porphyry) and carbonaceous wall rock and include strata bound/lens-shaped replacement of carbonate rocks (skarn style) and porphyry-style sulfide-quart-calcite veins. But, the granitic porphyry mineralization have received less attention; the isotope and fluid inclusion studies are relatively scarce for limited porphyry ore bodies that have been discovered at the YCD. Quartz-hosted fluid inclusions from the recently discovered granitic porphyry have homogenization temperature averaging around 180±20°C and 300±20°C with salinities ranging from 4 to 22 wt.% NaCleq, pointing toward the contribution of medium temperature-medium salinity and low temperature-low salinity fluids during the metallogenesis. These fluid inclusions have δ18OH2O values ranging between -1.91‰ and -1.02‰ and δD values ranging between -143.10‰ and -110‰, suggesting that the ore-forming fluid was a mix of magmatic and meteoric water. Ore-related pyrite/chalcopyrite have δ34SV-CDT values ranging from -1.0‰ to 1.0‰ and whole rocks have δ34SΣS = 0.34, suggesting that sulfur mainly derived from magmatic rocks of the Yangla mining area. The sulfides 208Pb/204Pb ranged from 38.8208-38.9969, 207Pb/204Pb from 15.7079-15.7357, and 206Pb/204Pb from 18.5363-18.7045, indicating that the lead mainly originated from the upper crust. It is demonstrated that the evolution of ore-forming fluid is continuous from the skarn ore body (SOB) stage to the porphyritic ore body stage and belong to the products of the same ore-forming fluid system, and the unisothermal mixing and cooling actions were maybe the main mechanism at the metallic minerals precipitation in mineralized granitic porphyry (MGP). A model is proposed according to the early stage, a magmatic fluid reacted and replaced with the surrounding carbonate rocks and then formed skarn-type ore bodies. The magmatic-hydrothermal fluid subsequently deposited porphyry-type quartz-calcite veins, veinlets, and stockwork mineralization.

Electromagnetic imaging of a complex ore body: 3D forward modeling, sensitivity tests, and down-mine measurements

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. F85-F95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Queralt ◽  
Alan G. Jones ◽  
Juanjo Ledo
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
Transverse Magnetic Mode ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Resistivity Model ◽  
Geophysical Information

This study investigated the capability of audio-magnetotellurics (AMT) not only to detect, but also to delineate complex conductive ore bodies at minable depths. A detailed 3D numerical-electrical resistivity model of the Bathurst no. 12 deposit (New Brunswick, Canada) was constructed using available geologic and geophysical information. Different geologic and data acquisition conditions were simulated: presence of overburden; different geometries, dimensions, and positions of the ore body; and different data sampling regimes. The behavior of the surface 3D electromagnetic fields was compared with that from bodies of infinite strike extent. The 3D and 2D AMT responses were similar at high frequencies, so 2D modeling was shown to be both valid and sufficient. However, at low frequencies only those responses for current flow perpendicular to the body (the transverse magnetic mode in a 2D case), were reasonably similar. The 2Dinversions showed that the position and the top of the 3D ore body were well resolved, but the bottom of the ore body's resis-tivity were poorly resolved. To increase resolution at depth below ore bodies, and to possibly extend mine life, we recommend that AMT measurements are taken from within mines. Simple mod-els of ore bodies were simulated to show responses at depth, and to undertake body stripping of the overlying structures. The tests showed that conductive structures above the measurement level can have a strong influence on imaging of conducting zones below, and can produce distortion effects in apparent resistivity and phase. Although the body-stripping approach reduces these effects and gives an indication of whether there are conductive structures below, the resulting image is considerably different from that of a model without overlying conductive structures. Full 3D inversion, holding known structures at constant, is required.

A Discussion on natural strain and geological structure - Mt Isa — reconstruction of a faulted ore body

1976 ◽  
Vol 283 (1312) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Mount Isa ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Extreme Extension ◽  
Basic Volcanic

A major geological problem in the Mount Isa District is the significance of the flat greenstone contact which underlies the copper ore bodies at the Isa Mine. Recent structural studies have shown this surface to be one of a set of curved normal faults which flatten in depth and are termed spoon faults. Displacement on the spoon faults ranges upward of 2 km and total extension for the spoon fault domain exceeds 80 km. The domain is bounded by tear faults of which the M ount Isa fault is an example. Reconstruction of the spoon fault domain gives insight to the sedimentary basin which originally included the Mount Isa ore bodies. The reconstruction indicates Isa and Hilton to be two faulted parts of the same ore basin and probably of the same ore body. It also strongly suggests a central concealed part to occur between Isa and Hilton. The extreme extension of the spoon fault domain coupled with the thick basic volcanic section suggests that the domain represents an ancient zone of crustal tension initiated by shear along a curved cratonic boundary.

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