A Sensitivity Study of RAP Cost and Performance on its Life Cycle Benefits

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia Pei Chou ◽  
Ning Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Financial Perspective ◽  
And Performance

This study inspects the benefits of using RAP on both financial and environmental aspects from life cycle viewpoints. The Life Cycle Cost Saving (LCCS) and the Life Cycle Carbon Reduction (LCCR) of various RAP mixtures (RAP content 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) to the virgin mixture are introduced and applied in this study. Carbon emission data of associated materials are obtained from PaLATE database. According to calculations, the RAP mixtures corresponding cost ratio and service life ratio exceed certain thresholds to have advantages over virgin mixtures. From a financial perspective, the service life ratio of RAP mixtures to virgin mixtures must be larger than the cost ratio of these two materials. For environmental benefit, the service life of RAP mixtures must be over 70% (40% RAP) to 90% (10% RAP) of that of the virgin mixture.

scholarly journals The determination of the repairs of railway track considering the reliability and risk level

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 06031
Author(s):  
Nikolai Kovalenko ◽  
Elena Grin ◽  
Nina Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
The State ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Standard Service

The method of predictive calculations of the state of the rails as the main element of assessing the state of the track when planning major repairs of the track is given. With a standard service life of 600 to 700 million tons gross, it is necessary to predict the number of defective rails on the track when increasing the service life to 1100 million tons gross (considering local rail replacement during intermediate repairs). The polygon for assigning repairs is determined by the number of “Windows” that can be provided per week on the section. The projected increase in the work of the track causes the need to increase life cycle cost depreciation charges for the formation of the repair Fund for capital repairs by 30-35%.

scholarly journals Analysis of alternative selection for vertical clearance design under Tabalong Bridge of PT Adaro Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Diean Oktavian Regar ◽  
Aqli Mursadin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Bcr Method ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
National Road ◽  
Alternative Designs

PT Adaro Indonesia is trying to adjust a vertical clearance under Tabalong Bridge 1 (unloaded) and Tabalong Bridge 2 (loaded) because the existing conditions still apply a minimum vertical clearance of 4 m. I t should be in accordance with latest Regulation of the Minister of Public Works No. 19/PRT/M/2011 that for vertical clearance above national road at least 5.1 m. This specification has not been met by the national road under the Tabalong 1 & 2 Bridges bec ause both bridges were built in the 90s. Therefore we need an engineering technique to overcome this. There are 2 alternative designs, namely lowering the elevation of the national road and increasing the elevation of the bridge's upper structure to mitiga te oversized vehicles so as not to hit the lower structure of the Tabalong bridge. In determining the selection of the best alternative designs in this research is based on two (2) things, non financial criteria with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and financial criteria with Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA)/Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) method. This study uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires and interviews as a means of collecting primary data. In addition, previous research and consultant DED documents were used as a means of collecting secondary data. The AHP method is used to process primary data to produce a decision from a non financial aspect. While the LCC/BCR method is used to process secondary data to produce a decision from the financi al aspect . The results of the AHP analysis obtained that the synthesis value of the decision the option of lowering national roads was 85% and the bridge lifting option was 15% and the consistency ratio (CR) was 0.05 < 0.1. The consistency ratio below 0.1 shows that the questionnaire data from the respondents are consistent. The results of the analysis of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) obtained the option of lowering national roads where the LCC value is Rp. 44,877,651,669.27 more economical than the bridge lifting option. Then the results of the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis obtained the option of lowering national roads with a BCR value of 2.33 > 1 and NPV = Rp. 43,442,264,804.34 > 1 means that the option lowering national roads is feasible. While the bridge li fting option is obtained by analyzing the value of BCR = 0.98 < 1 and NPV = option is not feasible to implement.

Metaheuristic Optimization in Seismic Structural Design and Inspection Scheduling of Buildings

2012 ◽  
pp. 152-173
Author(s):  
Chara Ch. Mitropoulou ◽  
Vagelis Plevris ◽  
Nikos D. Lagaros
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Decentralized Decision Making ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Inspection Scheduling ◽  
Single Objective

Optimization is a field where extensive research has been conducted over the last decades. Many types of problems have been addressed, and many types of algorithms have been developed, while their range of applications is continuously growing. The chapter is divided into two parts; in the first part, the life-cycle cost analysis is used as an assessment tool for designs obtained by means of prescriptive and performance-based optimum design methodologies. The prescriptive designs are obtained through a single-objective formulation, where the initial construction cost is the objective to be minimized, while the performance-based designs are obtained through a two-objective formulation where the life-cycle cost is considered as an additional objective also to be minimized. In the second part of the chapter, the problem of inspection of structures and routing of the inspection crews following an earthquake in densely populated metropolitan areas is studied. A model is proposed and a decision support system is developed to aid local authorities in optimally assigning inspectors to critical infrastructures. A combined particle swarm – ant colony optimization based framework is implemented, which proves to be an instance of a successful application of the philosophy of bounded rationality and decentralized decision-making for solving global optimization problems.

Construction of an evaluation system for selecting an appropriate waterproofing method for the roof of a building

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1264-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Choi ◽  
Sang-Keun Oh ◽  
Chee-Ho Seo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Performance

In this study, the discussion focus on the analysis of evaluation systems for selecting an appropriate waterproofing method, which involves a series of decision-making processes for providing unbiased, methodical, and suitable grounds to facilitate the final decision of the house owner. Thus, the research can potentially develop a decomposable model for validation and a deployable application model for the construction and performance-based design of materials. This paper has determined the performance evaluation criteria of 28 items and the evaluation index that is derived from the application of the value engineering procedure through the analysis for selecting the appropriate waterproofing method, and made a cost evaluation model of the risk based weighted life cycle cost so that life cycle cost evaluation can be performed in consideration of the risk.

The Issues of Energy Efficiency of Buildings for Agricultural Purposes

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Fedosov ◽  
Vadim N. Fedoseev ◽  
Ludmila A. Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Cost

The current problem of ensuring energy saving and improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures for agricultural purposes is identified. The geopolitical situation, import substitution programs and agricultural development programs set the task of developing domestic vegetable production, which in its turn requires the construction of new vegetable store buildings, as in most regions of Russia the harvest is collected once a year. In this regard, the current task is to ensure the energy conservation and achieve high energy efficiency of the vegetable store buildings. Energy saving is the basic technology for creating effective agriculture. The purpose of the study is to analyse the requirements for insulation materials for buildings and vegetable store facilities, taking into account energy efficiency and life cycle cost. The authors analysed the criteria for choosing a heater for the vegetable stores: low coefficient of thermal conductivity, water absorption, sorption humidity, frost resistance, biostability, lack of cold bridges, long service life. It is proposed to supplement the criteria for choosing a building insulation with the characteristics of the life cycle cost and the service life. Design and construction of agricultural buildings is proposed to be implemented using the concepts of BLC and BIM, the use of which gives an opportunity to design buildings with optimal energy efficiency parameters and take into account the cost of the life cycle. The cost of the buildings life cycle is the main of all the performance indicators when comparing alternative design options that differ by the application of advanced technologies and material resources and the contractors' offers when concluding contracts not only for purchase, but for servicing the subject of trades during its service life. The conclusions are made about the advantages of using foamed polyethylene foam for warming vegetable store buildings, as well as the conclusion about the expediency of adding criteria determining the sustainable development of the human environment, namely life cycle cost, service life, recycling ability. The formula for calculating the cost of the buildings life cycle, adapted to the specificity of buildings for agricultural purposes, is given.

scholarly journals Asphalt Concrete Mixtures: Requirements with regard to Life Cycle Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Mikolaj ◽  
Frantisek Schlosser ◽  
Lubos Remek ◽  
Aurelia Chytcakova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Design of asphalt concrete, required properties of constituent materials and their mixing ratios, is of tremendous significance and should be implemented with consideration given to the whole life cycle of those materials and the final construction. Conformity with requirements for long term performance of embedded materials is the general objective of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Therefore, within the assessment, material properties need to be evaluated with consideration given to the whole service life—from the point of embedding in the construction until their disposal or recycling. The evaluation focuses on verification of conformity with criteria set for these materials and should guarantee serviceability and performance during their whole service life. Recycling and reuse of asphalt concrete should be preferred over disposal of the material. This paper presents methodology for LCA of asphalt concrete. It was created to ensure not only applicability of the materials in the initial stage, at the point of their embedding, but their suitability in terms of normatively prescribed service performance of the final construction. Methods described and results are presented in a case study for asphalt mixture AC 11; I design.

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