Influence of Natural Rubber/Poly (3-Trimethoxysilyl Propyl Methacrylate) Core-Shell Compatibilizer on Dynamic, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of PMMA/ENR Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparat Nooma ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Propyl Methacrylate ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
The Impact

In this work, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is used to improve the impact strength of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The natural rubber with poly (3-trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate) core-shell (adNR), prepared by admicellar polymerization, is used as the compatibilizer for PMMA/ENR blends which were prepared through melt mixing in a twin screw extruder. The effects of ENR and adNR contents on impact property were investigated by pendulum impact tester. The impact strength increased with ENR and adNR contents. The morphology on the fracture surfaces were demonstrated by using field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM), which showed the compatibility between ENR, adNR and PMMA. Furthermore, the effects of ENR and adNR contents on dynamic and mechanical properties were examined by dynamic mechanical analyzer and universal testing machine, respectively. The results illustrated that the incorporation of the adNR affected the dynamic and mechanical properties of the blends.

The Effect of Thermal Aging on Mechanical Properties and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Based on Natural Rubber and Polystyrene

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Prathumrat Nu-Yang ◽  
Atiwat Wiriya-Amornchai ◽  
Jaehoon Yoon ◽  
Chainat Saechau ◽  
Poom Rattanamusik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Processing Properties

Thermoplastic vulcanizates or TPVs is a type of materials exhibiting excellent properties between thermoplastic and elastomer by combining the characteristics of vulcanized rubber with the processing properties of thermoplastics. This research aims to study the effect of thermal aging on the morphology and mechanical properties of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on a mixture of natural rubber (NR) and polystyrene (PS). TPVs samples were prepared using the internal mixer at a mass ratio of NR/PS 70/30, 50/50, 30/70 and 0/100. Tensile properties and impact strength showed that when the amount of NR increased tends of impact strength and elongation at break increased but tends of tensile strength decreased. On the other hand, tends of tensile strength for thermal aging at 70°C for 3 days increased when the amount of PS increase. The blending ratio of NR / PS at 70/30 is the best. It gave a worthy increase from 19.94 MPa to be 25.56 MPa (28.18%).

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber-PCL Core-Shell/PLA Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
Warangkhana Phromma ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer ◽  
Admicellar Polymerization ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pendulum Impact ◽  
Pendulum Impact Tester

Natural rubber (NR)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) core-shell (NR-ad-PCL), from admicellar polymerization, was as an impact modifier for the composites. PLA was mixed with NR-ad-PCL with different NR-ad-PCL contents at 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. PLA-based composites were prepared by co-rotating twin screw extruder. The morphology of the composites was observed by Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by dynamic mechanical analyzer and pendulum impact tester. The impact strength of the PLA filled with NR-ad-PCL increased while modulus of the PLA composites decreased with increasing rubber contents.

Mixing Methods Influencing on Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Polypropylene Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chesidi Hayichelaeh ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Anoma Thitithammawong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Internal Mixer

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/Polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizates were prepared by melt mixing method in an internal mixer. Influences of different mixing methods for incorporation of processing oil into the TPVs on tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the TPVs and crystallinity of the PP were investigated. Results show that distribution of processing oil in the ENR/PP TPV is important due to the processing oil can promote and in the same time can interrupt an improvement in elastomeric properties of the TPV. Incorporation of processing oil into the ENR phase by preparation of oil extended ENR (the mixing method 1) before mixing with the PP was the better way to produce the TPV. It promoted the TPV with superior tensile and dynamic mechanical properties than the TPVs prepared from the mixing method 2 and 3 in which the processing oil was directly added into the PP phase. Furthermore, the TPV from the mixing method 1 had less effect of processing oil on the PP crystallization.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties for Elephant Dung and its Utilization as a Raw Material Composites Sheet: A Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ramratan . ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Rajinder Singh Smagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elephant Dung

Elephant dung is an excellent source of cellulosic fiber that is a basic requirement for paper making. But they contributed to very small percentage production of elephant dung. So, researchers are trying to find a new area of utilization of elephant dung fiber pulp as in reinforcement’s polymer composite. In this experiment element dung fiber pulp in the natural fiber component chemically treated with alkaline and soda AQ solution in this study, it has been aimed to use elephant dung fiber pulp in composite material and to study mechanical properties of the produced material. The produced composite samples were then characterized using tensile test, Izod impact test, thickness test. The fracture surface of the polymer composite sample was also inspected with the help of SEM. The content of elephant dung fiber pulp is varied (35%, 45%, 55%) weight percentage whereas the epoxy resin is varied (50%, 40%, 30%) percentage is kept constant 15% in hardener. The entire sample has been tested in a universal testing machine as per ASTM standard for tensile strength and impact strength. It is observed that composite with 35% fiber pulp is having the highest tensile strength of 4mm 6.445 Mpa and 8mm 11.80 Mpa. The impact strength of composite with 35% fiber pulp washes highest than 45% to 55% dung fiber pulp. This produces composite sheet will be used for the surfboards, sporting goods, building panel this not only reduces the cost but also save from environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Mechanical performance of roselle/sugar palm fiber hybrid reinforced polyurethane composites

BioResources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 6238-6249
Author(s):  
A. M. Radzi ◽  
S. M. Sapuan ◽  
M. Jawaid ◽  
M. R. Mansor
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Sugar Palm Fiber ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of sugar palm fiber (SPF) loading was studied relative to the mechanical properties of roselle (RF)/SPF/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) hybrid composites. RF/SPF/TPU hybrid composites were fabricated at different weight ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100) by melt mixing and hot compression. The mechanical (tensile, flexural, and impact test) and morphological properties of tensile fractured samples were examined using a universal testing machine, impact machine, and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the hybridization of RF/SPF increased its impact strength corresponding to the increases in the SPF content of the composites. The tensile and flexural properties of the hybrid composites decreased due to poor interfacial bonding between the fiber and matrix. Scanning electron micrographs of the tensile fractured surface of the RF/SPF hybrid composites revealed fiber pullouts and poor adhesion bonding. In conclusion, the hybridization of SPF with RF/TPU composites enhanced its impact strength while decreasing the tensile and flexural strength.

Tailoring physico-mechanical properties and rheological behavior of ABS filaments for FDM via blending with SEBS TPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1687-1700
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Sayanjali ◽  
Amir Masood Rezadoust ◽  
Foroud Abbassi Sourki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Build Orientation ◽  
Raster Angle ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to focus on the development of the three-dimensional (3D) printing filaments based on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer and styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer, with tailored viscoelastic properties and controlled flow during the 3D printing process. Design/methodology/approach In this investigation, ABS was blended with various amounts of SEBS via a melt mixing process. Then the ABS/SEBS filaments were prepared by a single-screw extruder and printed by the FDM method. The rheological properties were determined using an MCR 501 from Anton-Paar. The melt flow behavior of ABS/SEBS filaments was determined. The morphology of the filaments was studied by scanning electron microscope and the mechanical (tensile and impact) properties, surface roughness and void content of printed samples were investigated. Findings The rheological results can accurately interpret what drives the morphology and mechanical properties’ changes in the blends. The impact strength, toughness, elongation-at-break and anisotropy in mechanical properties of ABS samples were improved concurrently by adding 40 Wt.% of SEBS. The optimal tensile properties of blend containing 40 Wt.% SEBS samples were obtained at −45°/+45° raster angle, 0.05 mm layer thickness and XYZ build orientation. Optimized samples showed an 890% increase in elongation compared to neat ABS. Also, the impact strength of ABS samples showed a 60% improvement by adding 40 Wt.% SEBS. Originality/value The paper simultaneously evaluates the effects of material composition and 3D printing parameters (layer thickness, raster angle and build orientation) on the rheology, morphology, mechanical properties and surface roughness. Also, a mechanical properties comparison between printed samples and their compression-molded counterpart was conducted.

Study on Mechanical Property of Polylactic Acid Toughened by Polyacrylate Microsphere

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Song ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yu Zhi Xu ◽  
Chun Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Emulsion Copolymerization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Toughening Agent

Polyacrylate microsphere with different core/shell ratio (mass ratio) were prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion copolymerization using butyl acrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as main monomers，which were used to toughen polylactic acid (PLA) after drying. The effect of core/shell ratio of polyacrylate toughening agent (ACR) on mechanical properties of PLA was studied. The results showed that when adding 8wt%ACR, the impact strength and elongation at break of PLA were both first increased and then decreased as increasing of core/shell ratio, while the tensile strength loss of PLA was little changed. It is found that the impact strength was increased about 24% than that of neat PLA as well as the elongation at break was increased from 2% to 12% when the ratio was 7/3, which was the best ratio.

Mechanical Properties and Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance of Rubber Toughened Polyester/Clay Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnia Noor Najmi ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Surip Siti Norasmah ◽  
S.S. Nurul ◽  
Noor Azlina Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Environmental Stress Cracking ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Crosslinked polyester clay nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing originically modified montmorillonite in prepromoted polyester resin and subsequently crosslinked using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalyst at different clay concentration. Cure process and the mechanical properties of rubber toughened polyester clay composite have been studied. Rubber toughened thermoset polyester composite were prepared by adding 3 per hundred rubber (phr) of liquid natural rubber (LNR) was used in the mixing of producing this composite. Modification of polyester matrix was done due to the brittle problem of polyester composite. Addition of LNR will increase the toughness of composite and produce ductile polyester. Two types of composites were produced which is clay-lnr polyester composite and clay polyester composite. Addition of liquid natural rubber significantly increased the impact strength and flexural properties. Result shows that addition of 6% of clay-lnr composite give good properties on impact, strength and flexural. From the ESCR test, both composites showed good resistance to environmental.

Fabrication of Rice Husk Ash/Natural Rubber Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Qiang Zeng ◽  
He Ping Yu ◽  
Hong Chao Liu ◽  
Shuang Quan Liao ◽  
Zheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

The preparation of rubber-based composite from agricultural by-product is the main trend to upgrade the performance of rubber and reduce the cost. In this work, the rice husk ash/natural rubber (RHA/NR) composites were prepared by latex mixing process using the RHA modified with rare earth coupling agent. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability and morphology of RHA/NR composites were analyzed by universal testing machine, dynamic mechanical analyzer, thermo gravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that previous modification of RHA with rare earth coupling agent can improve the dispersion of RHA in NR matrix significantly and increase the interaction between RHA particles and NR matrix and thus upgrade the mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors of RHA/NR composite. The RHA/NR composite of highest mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors can be obtained with a RHA loading of 4 per hundred rubber.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Reinforced Polypropylene Nanocomposites: Effects of Nanofiller Thickness

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Harekrushna Sutar ◽  
Birupakshya Mishra ◽  
Pragyan Senapati ◽  
Rabiranjan Murmu ◽  
Dibyani Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Induction Effect ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelet ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
The Impact

In this work, polypropylene (PP) and graphene nanoplatelet (GNPs) composites are routed through twin screw mixing and injection moulding. Two types of GNPs with a fixed size of 25 µm with surface areas ranging from 50–80 m2/g (H25, average thickness 15 nm) and 120–150 m2/g (M25, average thickness 6–8 nm) were blended with PP at loading rates of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weight%. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, and impact strengths and Young’s modulus (Ε) are determined. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and polarised light microscopy (PLM) techniques are used to understand the crystallisation, thermal, dynamic mechanical, and structural behaviour of the prepared composites. The improvement of mechanical strength is observed with GNP loading for both grades. Decreasing the GNP thickness decreases the impact strength and on the other hand improves the tensile and flexural strengths and Young’s modulus. Maximum tensile (≈33 MPa) and flexural (≈58.81 MPa) strength is found for the composite carrying 5 wt% M25. However, maximum impact strength (0.197 J) is found for PP-5 wt% H25. XRD analysis confirms GNPs have an induction effect on PP’s β phase crystal structure. The PP-GNP composite exhibits better thermal stability based on determining the TD (degradation temperature), T10 (temperature at 10% weight loss), T50 (temperature at 50% weight loss), and TR (temperature at residual weight). Enhancement in melt (Tm) and crystallisation temperatures (Tc) is are observed due to a heterogeneous nucleation effect. The FESEM analysis concludes that the GNP thickness has a significant effect on the degree of dispersion and agglomeration. The smaller the thickness, the better is the dispersion and the lower is the agglomeration. Overall, the use of thinner GNPs is more advantageous in improving the polymer properties.

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