Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide in 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium BF4/Methanol Electrolyte

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2573-2576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Shi ◽  
You Jian Jia ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Xiao Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage ◽  
Ag Electrode ◽  
Low Viscosity

Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be electrochemically reduced to useful products under mild condition. In recent years, increased attempts have been devoted to use ionic liquid (IL) as the solvents, electrolytes and catalysts for CO2 reduction. However, owing to the high viscosity of ILs, CO2 diffusion in ILs is restrained, lead to low current density of CO2 reduction. To overcome this problem, in present work, we used methanol as the organic solvent to dilute 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium BF4 ([EmiBF4), an commonly used IL in electrochemistry, the obtained [BmiBF4/methanol solution have many unique properties, such as low viscosity, high ionic conductivity, high CO2 solubility and low cost. The current density of CO2 reduction reached 14.2 mA/cm2 at-1.95V (vs SCE) on Ag electrode. Electrochemical reduction of CO2 in [BmiBF4/methanol solution provides a hopeful technique for CO2 recycling utilization and renewable electrical energy storage.

scholarly journals Electrodeposited Copper Nanocatalysts for CO2 Electroreduction: Effect of Electrodeposition Conditions on Catalysts’ Morphology and Selectivity

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5012
Author(s):  
Gianluca Zanellato ◽  
Pier Giorgio Schiavi ◽  
Robertino Zanoni ◽  
Antonio Rubino ◽  
Pietro Altimari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Catalyst Morphology ◽  
Deposition Current Density

Catalytic electroreduction of carbon dioxide represents a promising technology both to reduce CO2 emissions and to store electrical energy from discontinuous sources. In this work, electrochemical deposition of copper on to a gas-diffusion support was tested as a scalable and versatile nanosynthesis technique for the production of catalytic electrodes for CO2 electroreduction. The effect of deposition current density and additives (DAT, DTAB, PEG) on the catalysts’ structure was evaluated. The selectivity of the synthesized catalysts towards the production of CO was evaluated by analyzing the gaseous products obtained using the catalysts as cathodes in electroreduction tests. Catalyst morphology was deeply influenced by the deposition additives. Copper nanospheres, hemispherical microaggregates of nanowires, and shapeless structures were electrodeposited in the presence of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (DAT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively. The effect of the deposition current density on catalyst morphology was also observed and it was found to be additive-specific. DTAB nanostructured electrodes showed the highest selectivity towards CO production, probably attributable to a higher specific surface area. EDX and XPS analysis disclosed the presence of residual DAT and DTAB uniformly distributed onto the catalysts structure. No significant effects of electrodeposition current density and Cu(I)/Cu(II) ratio on the selectivity towards CO were found. In particular, DTAB and DAT electrodes yielded comparable selectivity, although they were characterized by the highest and lowest Cu(I)/Cu(II) ratio, respectively.

Toward dendrite-free alkaline zinc-based rechargeable batteries: A minireview

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1930004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Cao ◽  
Huan Xia ◽  
Xiangyu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Electrode Design ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage

Alkaline zinc-based rechargeable batteries (AZRBs) are competitive candidates for future electrical energy storage because of their low-cost, eco-friendliness and high energy density. However, plagued by dendrites, the AZRBs suffer from drastic decay in electrochemical properties and safety. This review elucidates fundamentals of zinc dendritic formation and summarizes the strategies, including electrode design and modification, electrolyte optimization and separator improvement, for suppressing zinc dendritic growth.

A phosphorus/N-doped carbon nanofiber composite as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 19011-19017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyang Ruan ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Dongqi Shi ◽  
Yanfei Xu ◽  
Shulei Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Sodium Ion Batteries ◽  
Nanofiber Composite ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been attracting intensive attention at present as the most promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries in large-scale electrical energy storage applications, due to the low-cost and natural abundance of sodium.

A highly efficient zinc catalyst for selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide in aqueous NaCl solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (32) ◽  
pp. 16409-16413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjiao Quan ◽  
Dan Zhong ◽  
Hancheng Song ◽  
Falong Jia ◽  
Lizhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Highly Efficient

A low-cost nanoscale zinc catalyst, prepared by a facile electrochemical strategy, exhibits high activity toward electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO with up to 93% Faraday efficiency in aqueous NaCl solution.

Low-cost Supercapacitors for Household Electrical Energy Storage and Harvesting

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chmiola ◽  
Pavel Gogotsi ◽  
Ranjini Weerasooriya ◽  
Yury Gogotsi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage

scholarly journals Redox-Active Zinc Thiolates for Low-Cost Rechargeable Aqueous Zn-ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison R Tuttle ◽  
Christopher Walter ◽  
Emma Brackman ◽  
Curtis Moore ◽  
Matthew Espe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Further Development

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale electrical energy storage due to the inexpensive, safe, and non-toxic nature of zinc. One key area that requires further development is...

Lack of Hypercapnic Increase in Cerebral Blood Flow at High Blood Viscosity in Conscious Blood-exchanged Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lenz ◽  
Annette Rebel ◽  
Enrico Bucci ◽  
Klaus van Ackern ◽  
Wolfgang Kuschinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Cerebral Vessels ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Global And Local

Background The hypothesis of a compensatory dilation of cerebral vessels to maintain cerebral blood flow at a high blood viscosity was tested during hypercapnia in the study after replacement of blood by hemoglobin solutions of defined viscosities. If compensatory vasodilation exists at normocapnia at a high blood viscosity, vasodilatory mechanisms may be exhausted when hypercapnia is added, resulting in a lack of increase in cerebral blood flow at hypercapnia. Methods In conscious rats, blood was replaced by ultrapurified cross-linked hemoglobin solutions that had defined and shear rate-independent low or high viscosities (low- and high-viscosity groups). Blood viscosity differed threefold between both groups (1.2 vs. 3.6 mP x s). Thereafter, rats inhaled either a normal or an increased concentration of carbon dioxide in air. Cerebral blood flow was determined by the iodo[14C]antipyrine method. Results During normocapnia, global and local cerebral blood flows did not differ between both groups. With increasing degrees of hypercapnia, global and local cerebral blood flows were gradually elevated in the low-viscosity group (2.8 ml x mmHg(-1) CO2 x 100 g(-1) x min(-1)), whereas they remained unchanged in the high-viscosity group. Conclusions Changes in blood viscosity do not result in changes of cerebral blood flow as long as cerebral vessels can compensate for these changes by vasodilation or vasoconstriction. However, such vascular compensatory adjustments may be exhausted in their response to further pathophysiologic conditions in blood vessels that have already been dilated or constricted as a result of changes in blood viscosity.

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