Effect of Cd2+ Concentration on the Structure and Properties of CBD-CdS

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren De Fang ◽  
Gui Shan Liu ◽  
Tie Cheng Ma ◽  
Er Rong Cai ◽  
Tong Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Crystallite Structure ◽  
Cds Films

The CdS films were deposited on soda lime glass (SLG) substrate by Chemistry Bath Deposition (CBD). The influence of cadmium concentration on structure and properties of CdS films had been investigated. The phase compositions of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure of the films was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The transmittance of the films was measured by Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometer. The results show that the cadmium concentration has great influence on Crystallite structure and grain size of the films. Under the condition of Cd2+ concentration of 0.006mol/L, the crystalline degree of the film is higher and the crystal growth is more remarkable, which help to make great progress on transmittance and optical band gap of the films.

Facile Synthesis of Cu2SnSe3 Thin Film via Sol-Gel Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wan Liu ◽  
Gui Lin Chen ◽  
Wei Feng Liu ◽  
Guo Shun Jiang ◽  
Chang Fei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorbance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ar Gas ◽  
Pure Cu

A low-cost non-vacuum process for fabrication of Cu2SnSe3 film by sol-gel method and knife-coating process is described. First, a certain amount of Copper (I) chloride and tin (IV) tetrachloride was dissolve into the mixture of water and alcohol and then some Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) was added to the solution to obtain based colloidal solution. Next, precursor thin layer was deposited by knife-blading technique on soda-lime glass (SLG). Finally, precursor layer was annealed at selenium flow atmosphere carried by Ar gas at 550oC. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra, it is found that pure Cu2SnSe3 film was prepared successfully. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–vis–NIR absorbance spectroscopy were used to characterize its morphology and optical bandgap.

The Effects of Selenization Temperature on the Properties of CIGS Thin Film Prepared by Cu-In-Ga-Se Precursors

2012 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
Han Bin Wang ◽  
Xi Jian Zhang ◽  
Qing Pu Wang ◽  
Xue Yan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Degree Of Reaction ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Cigs Thin Film ◽  
Morphology Of Films ◽  
Selenization Temperature

CIGS thin films were prepared by selenization of Cu-In-Ga-Se precursors, as a new method, the effects of selenization temperature on the properties of CIGS thin films were studied. First, Cu-In-Ga-Se precursors were deposited onto Mo-coated soda lime glass by evaporation and sputtering method. Then, precursors were selenized at various temperatures in N2 atmosphere for 120 min to form CIGS thin films. The degree of reaction and morphology of films as a function of selenization temperature were analyzed. By means of field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that CIGS thin films selenized at 450°C exhibit chalcopyrite phase with preferred orientation along the (112) plane.

Preparation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films at low substrate temperatures

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nishiwaki ◽  
T. Satoh ◽  
Y. Hashimoto ◽  
T. Negami ◽  
T. Wada
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) thin films were prepared at substrate temperatures of 350 to 500 °C. The (In,Ga)2Se2 precursor layers were deposited on Mo coated soda-lime glass and then exposed to Cu and Se fluxes to form CIGS films. The surface composition was probed by a real-time composition monitoring method. The CIGS films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The transient formation of a Cu–Se phase with a high thermal emissivity was observed during the deposition of Cu and Se at a substrate temperature of 350 °C. Faster diffusion of In than Ga from the (In,Ga)2Se3 precursor to the newly formed CIGS layer was observed. A growth model for CIGS films during the deposition of Cu and Se onto (In,Ga)2Se3 precursor is proposed. A solar cell using a CIGS film prepared at about 350 °C showed an efficiency of 12.4%.

Preparation of TiFe thin Films by Pulsed Ion Beam Evaporation

2001 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisayuki Suematsu ◽  
Tsuyoshi Saikusa ◽  
Tsuneo Suzuki ◽  
Weihua Jiang ◽  
Kiyoshi Yatsui
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
A Current

AbstractThin films of titanium iron (TiFe) were prepared by a pulsed ion-beam evaporation (IBE) method. A pulsed ion beam of proton accelerated at 1 MV (peak) with a pulse width of 50 ns and a current of 70 kA was focused on TiFe alloy targets. Soda lime glass substrates were placed in front of the targets. Phases in the thin films were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results revealed that the thin films deposited on the glass substrates consist of a TiFe phase. Crystallized Ti-Fe thin films without oxides were successfully obtained. Surface roughness of the thin film was 0.16 m m.

In-Situ XRD Studies of Sequential CuIn(Se, S)2 Formation

2003 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Djordjevic ◽  
Eveline Rudigier ◽  
Roland Scheer
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Sulfur Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Xrd ◽  
Synthesis Procedure

AbstractThe formation of CuInSe2-CuInS2 alloy films from chalcogenisation of different precursors was investigated by in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD). A sequential synthesis procedure was used. Copper and indium (Cu/In = 1.8) were sputtered on molybdenum coated soda-lime glass and selenium was introduced as a layer of elemental selenium or as a In2Se3 layer. Such prepared precursor films were then sulfurized in elemental sulfur vapor. The effects of the selenium precursors and the influence of sulfurization conditions on the resulting absorber films composition and properties were investigated. It is shown that from different precursors, chalcopyrite phases are formed via significantly different formation pathways which are investigated in detail.

Use of Calcined Tannery Sludge Containing Chromium Compounds in Soda-Lime Glass Fabrication

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1541-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Chambi ◽  
Samuel Marcio Toffoli
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Tannery Sludge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Chromium Compounds ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Tanning industries generates large quantities of solid wastes containing chromium compounds with characteristics of high-polluting and hazardous conditions. However, these wastes are a potential source of chromium which could be used by the glass and ceramic enamels industries. In this study the properties of a calcined tannery sludge containing chromium compounds was investigated in order to evaluate the potential of using this powder as a suitable and cheap green colorant for the glass manufacturing. X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical (XRF) and thermal (DTA/TG) analyses were used to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of tannery sludge. Colorimetric method using diphenylcarbazide were conducted to determinate the Cr (VI) concentration in the samples. Soda-lime glass containing calcined tannery sludge was prepared by melting at 1550°C. The results showed that the calcined tannery sludge has a favorable behavior to be used as an alternative source of chromium for the glass manufacturing.

X‐ray shielding parameters of lanthanum oxide added waste soda‐lime glass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Akkurt ◽  
Kadir Gunoglu ◽  
Recep Kurtuluş ◽  
Taner Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray

W-Doped TiO2 Preparation and Photocatalytic Degradation of Guaiacol

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Chang Xie ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallite Structure

In this paper, W-doped TiO2 (W-TiO2) powder was prepared in hydrothermal method by mixing TiO2 and ammonium metatungstate. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The results displayed that W-TiO2 showed an anatase crystallite structure with 2 % W content. W-element in W-TiO2 was amorphous state. The guaiacol was degraded with the W-TiO2 in the visible light. It was a model compounds of lignin existed in the plant fibers. The degradation rate of guaiacol was increased with the photocatalytic time, as high as 88.21 % after 360 min irradiation. It was concluded that the W-TiO2 had an obvious photocatalytic activity under visible light. It can be used in the photocatalytic degradation of lignin.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a Dinuclear Cu(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Quinoxaline and 3,3-Thiodipropionic Acid Ligands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedibu Clement Tella ◽  
Samson Owalude ◽  
Vincent Adimula ◽  
Adetola Oladipo ◽  
Victoria Olayemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Coordination Polymer ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract The coordination polymer [Cu2(TDPH)4(QNX)].DMF, (QNX = Quinoxaline; TDPH = 3,3-thiodipropionic acid), has been prepared by reaction of copper acetate, TDPH, and quinoxaline. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is monoclinic with a P21/n space group and dimensions of a = 12.889(3) Å, b = 14.983(4) Å, c = 14.091(3) Å, α = 90 °, β = 90.200(11) °, γ = 90 °, V = 2721.18 (2) Å3, Z = 4. The ligands are hexagonally coordinated to the Cu(II) centre in the form of Cu2O4N with one nitrogen atom from the quinoxaline ligand, and four oxygen atoms from four TDPH molecules in a monodentate fashion. The Cu-Cu bond length was 2.642(1) and 2.629(1) Å for the Cu1----Cu1 and Cu2----Cu2 bonds. The QNX ligand bridged the two copper atoms. The catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using NaBH4 in the presence of [Cu2(TDPH)4(QNX)].DMF, as catalyst was completed within 11 minutes. The 4-aminophenol product was confirmed using 1H NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Bone bonding ability of some borate bio-glasses and their corresponding glass-ceramic derivatives

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Margha ◽  
Amr Abdelghany
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Borate Glasses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Ternary borate glasses from the system Na2O?CaO?B2O3 together with soda-lime-borate samples containing 5 wt.% of MgO, Al2O3, SiO2 or P2O5 were prepared. The obtained glasses were converted to their glass-ceramic derivatives by controlled heat treatment. X-ray diffraction was employed to investigate the separated crys?talline phases in glass-ceramics after heat treatment of the glassy samples. The glasses and corresponding glass-ceramics after immersion in water or diluted phosphate solution for extended times were characterized by the grain method (adopted by several authors and recommended by ASTM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectra to justify the formation of hydroxyapatite as an indication of the bone bonding ability. The influence of glass composition on bioactivity potential was discussed too.

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