Preparation and Characterization of Alpha Cellulose of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Leaf Fibres (PALF)

2014 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ain Ibrahim ◽  
Noriean Azraaie ◽  
Nurul Aimi Mohd Zainul Abidin ◽  
Nur Amira Mamat Razali ◽  
Fauziah Abdul Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
Main Component

The main component in natural fibre is cellulose (C6H10O5)n. Cellulose from agricultural by-product is abundant, low cost, eco-friendly, biodegradable, and renewable. This research work was prepared alpha cellulose from pineapple leaf fibre (PALF), which obtained from the leaves of pineapple plant, Ananas comosus belonged to the family Bromeliaceae. The treated and untreated samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD).

scholarly journals Characterization of secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite minerals found in the city of Rorainópolis (RR), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-468
Author(s):  
Anna Caroline Andrade Pinto ◽  
Tiago Felipe Arruda Maia
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Petrographic Description

Many of the studies about mineral deposits are bringing great information to the scientific community, providing, for example, general characteristics of these deposits, possible source areas and its used in some cases as prospective tools to help in geological mapping. In this way, this study aimed to characterize the alluvial secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite that were found near vicinal 12, about 50km north/northeast of Rorainópolis city, between the BR-174 and BR-210 roads, in the state of Roraima (Brazil), bases on 4 samples that were brought by a resident of the region. To fulfill these objectives, some chemical and mineralogical methods were performed, like: magnetic separation, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and petrographic description. The deposits of the region end up being characterized by having a large amount of Fe and Ti (mostly), containing in some places also a large concentration of Niobium and Tantalum. Not all samples have columbite-tantalite, showing that their concentration in some areas of the deposit is quite low. There are samples with less than 1% Nb and Ta and also samples with more than 20% Nb and 6% Ta concentration. These minerals were poorly transported, being identified by the degree of roundness and granulometry of the samples. A weathering cap on some minerals could also be verified. This research work turned out to be relevant, as it provides new data that add to the knowledge of the mineral potential, which has not been fully explored yet.

scholarly journals Synthesis and superstructural characterization of Fe1.89Mo4.11O7

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Schimek ◽  
Robert E. McCarley ◽  
L. Scott Chumbley
Keyword(s):  
Structure Type ◽  
Tetrahedral Coordination ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cation Site ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Family ◽  
Regular Arrangement ◽  
Cation Sites

Superstructuring in the new compound Fe1.89Mo4.11O7 has been elucidated by transmission electron microscopy. This compound is a member of the family M2MO4O7 and has both iron and molybdenum atoms occupying octahedrally coordinated sites in the structure, represented by Fet(Fe0.89M0.11)0Mo4O7. The superstructuring, detected only by electron diffraction, involved tripling of all three lattice parameters of the subcell. The subcell was structured by single crystal x-ray diffraction [Imma, no. 74, a = 5.9793(5) Å, b = 5.7704(4) Å, and c = 17.036(1) Å]. This structure type contains a close-packed arrangement of Mo4O7 units, which are infinite chains of trans edge-shared molybdenum octahedra running parallel to b*. Two different coordination environments are observed for the cations. Parallel to the a* direction, infinite edge-sharing MO6 (M = 89% Fe or 11% Mo) octahedra are observed. The second cation site, with nearly tetrahedral coordination by oxygen, is filled solely by iron. The superstructure can be rationalized by a regular arrangement of iron and molybdenum atoms in the octahedrally coordinated cation sites.

scholarly journals Phase Transformation and Microstructure Characterization of Ceramic Porcelain with Different Ratio of Treated Fgd Sludge/Feldspar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
Suffi Irni Alias ◽  
Banjuraizah Johar ◽  
Syed Nuzul Fadzli Adam ◽  
Mustaffa Ali Azhar Taib ◽  
Fatin Fatini Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Main Component

Abstract The porcelain formulation containing percentages of treated FGD sludge waste from 5% up to 15% in replacement of feldspar were prepared. The porcelain mixture formulation were mixed by high energy planatery mill at speed 300 rpm for 1 hours. The powder were compacted by using hydraulic press and sintered at temperature 1200 °C for 3 hours. The sintered samples were characterized using X-ray fluorescene (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry/Differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DCS). The primary effect concerning the addition of treated FGD sludge was the change of intensity composition (gypsum and anhydrate) in porcelain formulation. The XRD analysis has shown that the main component in sludge waste were gypsum and anhydrate.

X-ray characterization of GaN single crystal layers grown by the ammonothermal technique on HVPE GaN seeds and by the sublimation technique on sapphire seeds

2004 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Raghothamachar ◽  
Michael Dudley ◽  
Buguo Wang ◽  
Michael Callahan ◽  
David Bliss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Diodes ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lithium Amide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sublimation Growth

ABSTRACTSingle crystal GaN substrates are a more reliable, efficient and low cost alternative to sapphire and SiC substrates that are currently being used for developing nitride based devices such as LEDs, high power FETs and laser diodes. GaN growth by two techniques are investigated here. In ammonothermal growth (analogous to hydrothermal growth which is commonly used for quartz), using potassium and lithium amide as mineralizers and GaN powders and vapor grown polycrystals as nutrients, thick GaN single crystal layers have been grown on both faces of (0001) HVPE GaN seeds in nickel based autoclaves. In GaN sublimation growth, Ga is transported under a temperature gradient in an ammonia atmosphere from a GaN powder source to the sapphire substrate which has a 3–6 micron GaN epilayer deposited on it. Synchrotron white beam x-ray topography (SWBXT) was initially used to image the defect structures in the layers. High resolution x-ray diffraction experiments were also carried out and reciprocal space maps were recorded from the grown GaN layers. Characterization results will be discussed with respect to the growth conditions.

scholarly journals Electrosynthesis and Characterization of Novel CNx-HMMT Supported Pd Nanocomposite Material for Methanol Electro-Oxidation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3578
Author(s):  
Faizah Altaf ◽  
Rohama Gill ◽  
Patrizia Bocchetta ◽  
Rida Batool ◽  
Muhammad Usman Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Composite Nanomaterial ◽  
Electrochemically Deposited ◽  
Direct Methanol

In the current research work, palladium (Pd) nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited on a nitrogen doped montmorillonite (CNx-MMT) support using the underpotential deposition (UPD) method. The prepared Pd based composite electrode was studied as an electrocatalyst for methanol fuel oxidation. The catalysts and the supporting materials montmorillonite, acid activated montmorillonite, and nitrogen doped montmorillonite (MMT, HMMT and CNx-HMMT) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results indicated that Pd supported on CNx-HMMT possesses enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability compared to commercial Pd/C, which was attributed to its higher electrochemical surface area (ECSA) (23.00 m2 g−1). The results demonstrated the potential application of novel Pd/CNx-HMMT composite nanomaterial as electrocatalysts for methanol electrooxidation in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).

Squeezing out and Characterization of Silicon from Sand by Mg-Thermite Reduction Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shoriful Islam ◽  
M. A. Sattar ◽  
M. A. Halim ◽  
Md. Asadul Hoque ◽  
Abdul Quader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Silicon Content ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Padma River

Background: Sand is one of the efficient sources of Silicon. We get quite easily the plethora of sand from the river side, Bangladesh. Utilization of the superfluous sand can be assisted to enhance our economy. Methods: In this work, silicon is extracted from sand by metal–thermite reduction process and the sample of sand is collected from padma river Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The process is environmentally benign and low cost. The reduction of the sand was performed with Mg powder, and purification was done by leaching out with HCl and HF. We have studied the structural properties, chemical nature and physical morphology. Results and conclusion: X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the presence of elemental Si in the samples produced by Mg-thermite reduction process and the particle size was found 25.72±1.3 nm in an average. Surface morphology has been studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the particle size seemed around 30 to 40 nm which was comparable to the obtained particle size from XRD. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of Si-Si bonding in the investigating materials. The chemical nature of the sand has been studied by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Silicon content of sand was found about maximum 80%.

Synthesis and Characterization of Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 Nanowires

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Lan Lu ◽  
Jing Yun Wang ◽  
Ying Jie Xing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Transmission Electron

Bi2Te3 nanowires are prepared by a low-cost and facile hydrothermal method without any surfactant. The structure and morphology of the nanowires are characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscope. The influences of experimental conditions on the products are investigated. The growth mechanism is proposed based on the experimental results. This work is promising for the synthesis of Bi2Te3 nanowires with less impurity.

Preparation and Characterization of Cement-TiO2 Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Noosara Kaewgabkam ◽  
Nittaya Jaitanong ◽  
Suparut Narksitipan
Keyword(s):  
Composite System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most widely used photocatalyst because of its high photocatalytic activity and reasonably low cost. Moreover, TiO2 has strong chemical stability in a large variety of environmental conditions. The combination of TiO2 with cementatious materials has been widely investigated, and the effects of the TiO2 contents (10-40% by weight) were studied in this research. The crystalline structures and chemical compositions were analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Moreover, its microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the intensity of CS and CH decreased with an increase in the TiO2 powder content. This was because when adding more TiO2 powder to the composite system, more water was needed to add to the hydration reaction.

Synthesis and Characterization of BaTiO3 Nanopowders and BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Gao ◽  
Doru C. Lupascu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Shell Structures ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Organic Precursors

ABSTRACTHighly stable, organic-based barium titanate (BaTiO3) sols were developed by the low cost and straightforward “organosol”-precipitation and auto-combustion process of amorphous organic precursors. BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites with core/shell structures embedded in a BaTiO3 matrix were also obtained using this process. The particles are systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and by laser granulometry for particle size distribution determination.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles for Diverse Sensing Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3915-3917
Author(s):  
S. Akhtar ◽  
Z. Farid ◽  
H. Ahmed ◽  
S. A. Khan ◽  
Z. N. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized and characterized by a low-cost chemical reduction method. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have pre-occupied the consideration of the scientific community due to their wide range of functions, utility and industrial applications, particularly in the fields of sensing technologies and medicine (particularly their efficiency against microbes, the ability of healing the wound and anti-inflammatory properties). Ag NPs are synthesized by a low-cost fabrication method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX) and photometry techniques are used in this work to identify their nature and potentiality for diverse applications in sensing technologies.

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