Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone Membrane for Gas Separation

2014 ◽  
Vol 917 ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norwahyu Jusoh ◽  
Lau Kok Keong ◽  
Azmi Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Polysulfone Membrane ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Membrane Fabrication ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Methyl Pyrrolidone

Symmetric and asymmetric polysulfone membranes were fabricated using different of solvents; N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) at different polymer concentration (15 and 20%) to study the influence of varying type of solvents and polymer concentration in membrane fabrication. The membranes were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR).The results disclosed that the symmetric, higher polymer concentration membrane contributed to better thermal and mechanical stabilities. PSF/THF membrane showed good mechanical strength while PSF/DMAC membrane illustrated great thermal stability. 20% of polymer concentration and PSF/THF membrane led to the thicker skin layer and dense structure formation.

scholarly journals Characterization of Composite Laminates Subjected to Repeated Indentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
M. Ashok Kumar ◽  
A.M.K. Prasad ◽  
D.V. Ravishankar ◽  
G. Giridhar
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Universal Testing

Abstract The effect of the fiber orientation in a laminate is investigated experimentally when subjected repeated quasistatic indentation. All the laminates with different fiber orientation are subjected to indentation with a stainless steel spherical indenter of diameter 8.0mm on a universal testing machine for a maximum indenter displacement of 4mm. The rate of indenter displacement was 0.5mm/minute. Different parameters like load bearing capacity, indentation diameter, area of surface damage, etc., were recorded after 4mm of indenter displacement. All the parameters were studied and compared to evaluate the laminate with high strength

Synthesis and Characterization of Red Mud and Sawdust Based Geopolymer Composites as Potential Construction Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing Kong ◽  
Kay Min Khoo ◽  
Oliver Buddrick ◽  
Abdul Aziz Baharuddin ◽  
Pooria Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Geopolymer Composites

The aim of this study was to synthesize the geopolymer composites formed by two industrial wastes, namely red mud (RM) and saw dust (SD). SD was chemically treated with alkali for the removal of lignin and subsequently bleached, before forming composite with acid-modified RM. The composites were then characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetic analysis (TGA) and universal testing machine to study the morphology, chemical, thermal and mechanical properties. The FTIR spectrum showed that Si and Al from the raw materials played the major role in forming aluminosilicate geopolymer composites. The SEM images revealed that SD and RM particles aggregated to form fully condensed geopolymer matrices with high compressive strength of 8.3-138 MPa, which were comparable to Portland cement (compressive strength of 9-20.7 MPa).

scholarly journals Manufacture and Characterization of Alginate-CMC-Dextran Hybrid Double Layer Superabsorbent Scaffolds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11573
Author(s):  
Jeongyeon Choi ◽  
Heekyung Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Morphological Stability ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Medical Material

This study focused on the manufacturing of functional superabsorbent sponges using natural polymers. An alginate/CMC-embedded dextran hybrid dual-layer formulation was prepared using the freeze-drying method. The physical properties of the formulation were characterized using a field emission scanning electron microscope and a universal testing machine, and the swelling ratio was calculated. Cell viability assays were performed using keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). The results showed that this formulation can absorb a large amount of moisture and provide morphological stability through its tensile strength and uniform porosity, and this was verified by its biocompatibility. We believe that in the future, by combining this novel hybrid dual-layer superabsorbent sponge with antibacterial agents with excellent porosity, it would serve as a medical material for producing bandages that can absorb blood and body fluids, feminine hygiene products, and functional antibacterial masks.

New Chemicals and Routes for the Preparation of Gelatin/HA Composites using the Wet Precipitation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Akbar ◽  
Asril Pramutadi Andi Mustari ◽  
Atiek Rostika Noviyanti
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Wet Precipitation ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Infra Red

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a material that has many uses in a wide variety of applications such as bone repair, bone implants, and bone drug delivery systems. However, the main weakness of this material is its mechanical strength, which HA is not enough to be directly applied. Gelatin addition is used to improve the mechanical properties that can support material properties for the load-bearing application. This research aimed to obtain gelatin/HA composites with high mechanical strength. This goal is achieved by finding the optimum composite composition (addition of 20, 30, and 40% w/w gelatin), CaO precursors from chicken eggshells, and gradual composite preparation. The preparation of gelatin/HA composites was carried out using the wet precipitation method. The chemical bonding, the compressive strength of HA and gelatin/HA composites, and also morphologies were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Universal Testing Machine, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) respectively. The FTIR spectra show there are chemical bonds between amide and carboxyl in gelatin and Ca2+ in HA. The best compressive strength obtained at the composition of 20% gelatin/HA composite is 99.3 MPa (meanwhile HA is 81.5 MPa). The addition of gelatin to HA increases the particle density; this contributes to the increase in mechanical strength.

Preparation and characterization of microcellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/starch biocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 1933-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Sreekumar ◽  
SK Manirul Haque ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Zakariya Sadique ◽  
Mamdouh A Al-Harthi
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Olive Industry

This study details about the synthesis of micro-crystalline cellulose prepared from olive pits, the waste material obtained in olive industry, and the effect of these fillers on the tensile and thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol/starch blends. Micro-crystalline cellulose from olive pits was prepared, and its size was measured using particle size analyzer. Composites were prepared for various micro-crystalline cellulose loading (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt.%) by solution casting method for the blend ratio of 70/30, respectively. Glycerol (3.78 g) was used as plasticizer in all formulations. Universal testing machine, thermogravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffractometer, and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the tensile, thermal, and surface morphology of these bio-composites. Results indicated an increase in the tensile properties especially the Young's modulus from 100 to 180 MPa for composites having 1 wt.% of micro-crystalline cellulose and the same formulation showed higher thermal stability.

Polyurethane Nanocomposite Films by Using Cellulose Nanospheres as Green Nanofillers

2014 ◽  
Vol 1052 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Zhang Gen Ni ◽  
Zhen Jun Dou ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Miao Cheng ◽  
Zong Yi Qin
Keyword(s):  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Critical Challenge

To overcome poor mechanical properties of polyurethane, carboxylated cellulose nanospheres were incorporated into polyurethane in an organic polar solvent, dimethylformamide to prepare the nanocomposite films. Morphological, structural, mechanical and thermal characterization of the nanocomposites was done with scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, micro–control electronic universal testing machine and thermal gravimetric analysis. The critical challenge to achieve high macroscale properties of the bulk nanocomposites is the ability to obtain well–dispersed cellulose nanospheres in polymer matrices.

Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds by Doping TiO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naruporn Monmaturapoj ◽  
Witoon Thepsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Minor Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gel Casting ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Highly Porous

This study aims to improve the strength of porous BCP samples by the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2), the well known biocompatible and strong ceramic. BCP powder with HA/TCP ratio of 70/30 (BCP7030) obtained by mixing a pure HA and β-TCP powder. TiO2 powder with 2 (BCP_2Ti), 5 (BCP_5Ti) and 10 (BCP_10Ti) %wt were added into the BCP7030 powder, then ball milled in ethanol for 6 hrs. The porous samples were fabricated by the combination of the gel-casting and freeze drying techniques. All samples were sintered at 1100°C for 2 hrs. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine crystal structures and morphology of the sintered samples, respectively. Mechanical properties and porosity of samples were measured by using the universal testing machine and Archimedess principle, respectively. XRD results showed that the phases of the undoped sample can be indexed HA and β-TCP with the ratio of 70/30 as the major phases. In BCP_2Ti, CaTiO3 was observed as a minor phase among the crystallization of HA and β-TCP with the proportion of 30:70. Meanwhile, in BCP_5Ti and BCP_10Ti, XRD patterns revealed a completely transformation of HA to β-TCP with minor phases of CaTiO3 and TiO2. The microstructure of sintered samples present highly porous structure which consisted of two-dimensional pore channels along the long axis and the short axis, which replicates the ice and pore orientation in the direction of freezing. Relatively, the porosity of the samples was increased with the amount of TiO2. Surprisingly, an additions of the TiO2 was not rather improved the mechanical strength of porous BCP7030 in this study. This might be a result of a high percentage of porosity (84%).

Preparation and Characterization of Moisture-Cure Polyurethane for Bonding Wood

2014 ◽  
Vol 563 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Jing Du ◽  
Meng Meng Zhou ◽  
Ling Ling Ma ◽  
Fei Cao ◽  
Ji Jun Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Thermal Stability ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Polyurethane Film ◽  
Tensile Strength Increase

Abstract. In this work, one-component moisture-cure polyurethane was synthesized, which is mainly used as adhesives for bonding wood. The properties of the polyurethane were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis(DMA) and electronic universal testing machine. The results indicate that the shear strength and tensile strength increase with increasing of NCO/OH ratio in 2 to 4, however, when the ratio more than 4, it will be decreased gradually. The TGA and DMA results show that the polyurethane film has relatively high thermal stability with a weight loss of 5% at 298 °C and the glass transition temperature is 97.52 °C.

Studies on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polybenzoxazine Modified with Succinic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunan Tiptipakorn ◽  
Piriyathorn Suwanmala ◽  
Kasinee Hemvichian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Smoke Emission ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Flame Retardation

Polybenzoxazine (PBA-a), a novel type of phenolic resin, possesses many outstanding properties, i.e. good mechanical strength, electrical insulation, dimensional stability, resistance against many types of solvents, flame retardation, and low smoke emission from burning. However, shortcoming of this material is from its brittleness. In this study, the rigidity of polybenzoxazine was improved by adding succinic acid (SA) as plasticizer. The content of SA was varied from 0 to 50 phr. The thermal properties were determined by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), while the mechanical properties were analysed by Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and Microhardness tester. In addition, the results that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PBA-a was decreased with increasing the amount of SA, i.e. decreasing from 168°C (0 phr) to 121°C (50 phr). Furthermore, the degradation temperature at 5 % weight loss (Td5%) was decreased from 328°C (0 phr) to 240°C (50 phr). It could be noticed that the char yield of the polymer at 800°C had no significant change (in the range of 30-33%) when SA was added. The polybenzoxazine exhibited softening decreased of hardness from 39.8 MPa (at 0 phr) to 9.62 MPA (at 50 phr).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document