An Energy Balance Routing Protocol Based on AODV

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 2442-2445
Author(s):  
Hong Pan ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Node Failure ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Aodv Protocol ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Minimal Residual

The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. AODV protocol is usually used to establish path in MANET while not consider energy controlling, this will lead to some nodes become invalid quickly. This paper presents an routing protocol called EAODV base on AODV, it selects the path where the average energy is the maximal and the minimal residual energy of node is higher than the threshold value to transmit data, it also can prolong the network lifetime. the simulation results show that EAODV can efficiently reduce node failure rate and the average end-to-end delay.

scholarly journals Routing of emergency data in a wireless sensor network for mining applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Jafarian
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
End To End

Emergency situations in mines result in loss of precious human lives. In this thesis we discussed architecture of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that can be deployed in mines, which takes care of severe geographical and environmental constraints found inside mines. The proposed architecture is a two-level hierarchy of small sized WSNs that employs a wireless Mesh network as the backbone connecting small sized WSNs scattered inside mines. We proposed a routing protocol for that WSN that is optimized for both emergency and non-emergency data routing. Since our main goal is to provide safety in the mining environment, the main consideration of the routing protocol is to provide reliability and reduce the end-to-end delay for vital emergency traffic while optimizing for network longevity for non-emergency traffic. We present a new cost-based routing protocol called MDML, which provides Minimum Delay and Maximum Lifetime routing for such networks. The proposed MDML routing defines separate cost metrics for emergency and non-emergency traffic. It finds the least-cost path for the reliable delay-constrained emergency traffic with regards to link error rate but also gives secondary consideration to nodes' residual energy. It is an energy efficient routing scheme for non-emergency or regular data traffic routing that maximizes the network lifetime. However, for emergency traffic energy efficiency is compromised to achieving minimal delay. Regular traffic is generated through periodic monitoring and is delay-insensitive. For regular traffic delivery, a shortest path routinig algorithm is employed which uses link costs that reflect both the communication energy consumption rates and the residual energy levels at the two end nodes. Simulation results show that using the proposed emergency routes reduces the end-to-end delay for emergency traffic. The effect of protocol update cycle on increasing the network lifetime is verified true simulation. MDML is also compared with a simulated non-MDML approach to compare the lifetime and delay performance. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach.

scholarly journals Routing of emergency data in a wireless sensor network for mining applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Jafarian
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
End To End

Emergency situations in mines result in loss of precious human lives. In this thesis we discussed architecture of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that can be deployed in mines, which takes care of severe geographical and environmental constraints found inside mines. The proposed architecture is a two-level hierarchy of small sized WSNs that employs a wireless Mesh network as the backbone connecting small sized WSNs scattered inside mines. We proposed a routing protocol for that WSN that is optimized for both emergency and non-emergency data routing. Since our main goal is to provide safety in the mining environment, the main consideration of the routing protocol is to provide reliability and reduce the end-to-end delay for vital emergency traffic while optimizing for network longevity for non-emergency traffic. We present a new cost-based routing protocol called MDML, which provides Minimum Delay and Maximum Lifetime routing for such networks. The proposed MDML routing defines separate cost metrics for emergency and non-emergency traffic. It finds the least-cost path for the reliable delay-constrained emergency traffic with regards to link error rate but also gives secondary consideration to nodes' residual energy. It is an energy efficient routing scheme for non-emergency or regular data traffic routing that maximizes the network lifetime. However, for emergency traffic energy efficiency is compromised to achieving minimal delay. Regular traffic is generated through periodic monitoring and is delay-insensitive. For regular traffic delivery, a shortest path routinig algorithm is employed which uses link costs that reflect both the communication energy consumption rates and the residual energy levels at the two end nodes. Simulation results show that using the proposed emergency routes reduces the end-to-end delay for emergency traffic. The effect of protocol update cycle on increasing the network lifetime is verified true simulation. MDML is also compared with a simulated non-MDML approach to compare the lifetime and delay performance. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach.

scholarly journals Evaluation of AODV and DYMO Routing Protocol using Generic, Micaz and Micamotes Energy Conservation Models in AWSN with Static and Mobile Scenario

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Kiran Dhull ◽  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Payal Arora ◽  
Sandeep Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Adhoc Networks ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Aodv Routing Protocol

Adhoc Wireless Sensor Networks (AWSN’s) have found an increasing utility in various applications. In AWSN, sensor nodes are arranged in a topology which is suitable to the requirement of the nature of task. As the sensors are not connected in a fixed manner, their networking, location and functioning keeps on changing based on the situation due to which these are called Adhoc networks. The biggest challenge is to keep the sensors working for longer life by conserving their energy. Therefore, a suitable routing protocol needs to be selected to meet the energy conservation requirement at different nodes. In the present paper, we have evaluated the three energy conservation models i.e. Generic, Micaz and Micamotes for AODV and DYMO routing protocol. The evaluation is carried out using the parameter metrices: (i) Average End-to-End Delay (AEED), (ii) Throughput (iii) Energy consumed in Transmit mode and Receive mode. Based on the simulation results, it has been observed that Micamotes energy model using AODV routing protocol performs better in terms of energy consumption upto 42.99% and 29.90 % in transmit and upto 59.24% and 33.96 % in receive mode respectively as compared to Generic and Micaz energy model.

Research on Route Protocol and Architecture for WSN Based on IPv6

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 2233-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Ting Lu ◽  
Xiang Zhen Li ◽  
Jia Hui Wang ◽  
Feng Jie Sun
Keyword(s):  
Load Balancing ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
On Demand ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Demand Routing ◽  
Route Protocol

WSN based on IPv6 is a new network integrated IPv6 and WSN. The related technologies of WSN based on IPv6 was researched, and an architecture of WSN based on IPv6 was proposed according to 6LoWPAN protocol in this article. Efficient and stable route protocol is a main focus to ensure network performance. Refer to on-demand routing protocol DSR, a Load-Balancing route protocol for WSN based on IPv6 was designed. An implementation of this protocol was programmed in NS2, and its simulation results were analyzed. The experimental result shows that this protocol could effectively reduce end-to-end delay and routing overhead, improving the network performance.

scholarly journals R-bUCRP: A Novel Reputation-Based Uneven Clustering Routing Protocol for Cognitive Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mingchuan Zhang ◽  
Ruijuan Zheng ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Qingtao Wu ◽  
Liang Song
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Selfish Nodes ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Establishment Phase ◽  
Optimal Cluster

Energy of nodes is an important factor that affects the performance of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), especially in the case of existing selfish nodes, which attracted many researchers’ attention recently. In this paper, we present a reputation-based uneven clustering routing protocol (R-bUCRP) considering both energy saving and reputation assessment. In the cluster establishment phase, we adopt an uneven clustering mechanism which controls the competitive scope of cluster head candidates to save the energy of WSNs. In the cluster heads election phase, the residual energy and reputation value are used as the indexes to select the optimal cluster head, where the reputation mechanism is introduced to support reputation assessment. Simulation results show that the proposed R-bUCRP can save node energy consumption, balance network energy distribution, and prolong network lifetime.

Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol on Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gui Lin ◽  
Hui Qi Zhang ◽  
Xu Yang Wang ◽  
Fang Qin Yao ◽  
Zhen Xing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Simulation Results

To the disadvantages, such as high energy consumption and the energy consumption imbalance, we proposed an energy-efficient routing protocol on mobile sink (MSEERP) in this paper. In the MSEERP, the network is divided into several square virtual grids based on GAF, each grid is called a cluster, and the cluster head election method of GAF is improved. In addition, the MSEERP introduces a mobile sink in the network, the sink radios in limited number of hops and uses control moving strategy, namely the sink does not collect the information until it moves to a cluster with highest residual energy. We applied NS2 to evaluate its performance and analyze the simulation results by the energy model. Simulation results show that the MSEERP balances the energy consumption of the network, saves nodes energy and extends the network lifetime.

scholarly journals Adaptive Broadcast Routing Protocol using Fuzzy Logic System for MANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5474-5480
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Fuzzy Logic System ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Broadcast Routing ◽  
Logic System

In Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), forwarding probability should consider neighbour density, link quality and residual energy of the forwarding nodes. Also, redundant broadcasting by checking the inter-arrival times should be considered. In this paper, we propose to design a adaptive broadcast routing protocol using Fuzzy logic system. In this protocol, a set of forwarding nodes are selected based on the residual energy, coverage probability and channel condition. The rebroadcasting or forwarding probability is adaptively adjusted based on the 1-hop neighbour density and relative mobility of neighbours using the fuzzy logic system. Then the selected forwarding nodes forward the route request packets with the probability given by forwarding probability. Before forwarding the packets, the number of redundant packets exceeding a threshold value, are removed by checking successful status of delivered packets. By simulation results, we show that ABRP minimizes the delay and forwarding ratio by increasing the packet delivery ratio and average residual energy.

IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID ALGORITHM FOR 3G – WIFIOFFLOAD NETWORKS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setiyo Budiyanto ◽  
Muhamad Asvial ◽  
Dadang Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Zone Routing Protocol ◽  
Roulette Wheel ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Stable Throughput

A new algorithm for optimizing  3G–WiFioffload and load balancing between nodes, called as New – Genetic Zone Routing Protocol (N – GZRP), is proposed in this paper. N – GZRP is a combination of outputs of Roulette Wheel selections method (RWs) and Rank Selections Method (Rs). Output from RWs is optimized by Rs where Rs is used as a threshold value of the uncertainty that occurs due to the use of RWs.  The algorithm is implemented for detecting the performance of mobile devices on several different types of networks.  The simulation results are compared with the (RWs)–GZRPand ZRP algorithm. The simulation results show that 35% of power consumption can be saved by using the proposed algorithm compared with GZRPalgorithm. Moreover,when compared with ZRP algorithm the proposed algorithm can save 60% power consumption. In addition, N – GZRP has a more stable throughput which is 3 Kbps higher than ZRP. The simulation results also show that N–GZRPhas smaller average delay than GZRP and ZRPwhich are about 20 msand 1400 ms, respectively.N – GZRP also reduces the synchronization delay about 25 ms and 45 ms compared withGZRPalgorithmand ZRP algorithm, respectively.

Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Heterogeneous WSN

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 3976-3979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xin Liu ◽  
Xiao Meng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Balancing ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Cluster Head Election ◽  
Balancing Energy ◽  
Simulation Results

Balancing energy load is a key problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) research. For balancing node energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, this paper proposes an improved routing algorithm EBRA (Energy Balancing Routing Algorithm) based on energy heterogeneous WSN. To maximize the energy efficiency of network nodes, the EBRA weights the probability of cluster head election. According to the estimate value of the network average remaining energy and the residual energy of network nodes, we can calculate the new cluster head election threshold. The simulation results show that the utilization of energy balance of EBRA algorithm is improved 74%, 30% and 23%, compare with LEACH, SEP and DCHS, respectively.

scholarly journals Performance of EEDR Routing Protocol under Various Path Loss Models for WSNs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Pramod M S ◽  
Shivashankar .
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmitter Power ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
Performance Variation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Loss Models ◽  
Mathematical Evaluation

Path loss is the power variation between the receiver power and the transmitter power. The attenuation of the signal takes place in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) because of path loss. There are various kinds of path loss due to absorption, reflection, refraction and many other factors under diverse environments which are all defined under path loss models. This research paper provides a brief study on different path loss models and their mathematical evaluation. The objective of the proposed work is to evaluate the Energy Efficient Distributed Receiver (EEDR) based routing protocol under the various path loss models and check the performance variation in different environments. The simulation results shows the effect of path loss on end-to-end delay, number of hops, energy consumption and the number of alive nodes in WSNs topology.   

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