Leaf N, P Stoichiometry and Nutrient Resorption in Phosphorus-Enriched Soils in a Mountainous Region of the Dianchi Lake Watershed

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3687-3690
Author(s):  
Kai Yan ◽  
Changqun Duan ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Xin Xv ◽  
Change Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Dianchi Lake ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Plant Forms ◽  
Leaf N

Understanding the leaf N, P concentrations and nutrient resorption of plants growing in phosphorus–enriched soil (PES) can provide new data for ecostoichiometric research and ecological model building. In this study, 117 green leaves and 53 senesced leaves of dominant plants in PES in the Dianchi Lake watershed, SW China, were sampled. Plants in PES had high fresh leaf P (4.60mg/g), senesced leaf P (2.70mg/g), and low fresh leaf N: P (4.41), senesced leaf N: P (3.21). P resorption efficiency (PRE) (25.09%) was significantly lower than N resorption efficiency (NRE) (52.68%). Forbs had the highest P content in fresh (5.35mg/g) and senesced leaf (3.25mg/g) among plants forms. Although NRE was varied among plant forms, the difference in PRE was not significant. In conclusion, PES has a tremendous impact on the patterns of leaf N, P and nutrient resorption of different plant forms, those results were different from general results.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Addition and Reproductive Effort on Nutrient Resorption of a Sand-Fixing Shrub

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilong Wang ◽  
Yulin Li ◽  
Yulong Duan ◽  
Jie Lian ◽  
Yongqing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
N Resorption ◽  
N Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Leaf N

Caragana microphylla is a sand-fixing leguminous shrub with strong resistance to drought, cold, and low soil fertility. As a result, it plays an essential role in combating desertification in northern China, but little is known about its nutrient budget. Nutrient resorption is a key process in plant nutrient conservation and has marked ecological implications for plant fitness and ecosystem nutrient cycling. We studied the effects of both nitrogen (N) addition and reproductive effort on leaf N resorption of C. microphylla in a temperate semi-arid sandy land in China. The results showed that sprouting of the early leaves from over-wintered buds employs a strategy for slow returns on nutrient investment with smaller specific leaf area (SLA) and higher N resorption efficiency, whereas the late leaves, which sprout from current-year buds, employ a strategy for quick returns on nutrient investment with higher SLA and lower N resorption efficiency. N addition significantly increased the N resorption efficiency from early leaves while exerting no impact on late leaves, suggesting that the increased N recovery from early leaves is done to sustain the high N demands of late leaves. Reproductive effort did not affect the N resorption from early or late leaves due to the temporal separation between fruit production and leaf senescence. Taken together, our results demonstrate that C. microphylla has evolved different investment strategies for leaf N in early and late leaves to conserve nutrients and facilitate its growth in desertified environments.

scholarly journals Different responses of plant N and P resorption to overgrazing in three dominant species in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9915
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Saheed Olaide Jimoh ◽  
Xiliang Li ◽  
Baoming Ji ◽  
Paul C. Struik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Typical Steppe ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
N Resorption ◽  
Senesced Leaves ◽  
Dominant Grass ◽  
Leaf N

Nutrient resorption from senesced leaves is an important mechanism for nutrient conservation in plants. However, little is known about the effect of grazing on plant nutrient resorption from senesced leaves, especially in semiarid ecosystems. Here, we evaluated the effects of grazing on N and P resorption in the three most dominant grass species in a typical steppe in northern China. We identified the key pathways of grazing-induced effects on N and P resorption efficiency. Grazing increased N and P concentrations in the green leaves of Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis but not in Cleistogenes squarossa. Both L. chinensis and S. grandis exhibited an increasing trend of leaf N resorption, whereas C. squarrosa recorded a decline in both leaf N and P resorption efficiency under grazing. Structural equation models showed that grazing is the primary driver of the changes in N resorption efficiency of the three dominant grass species. For L. chinensis, the P concentration in green and senesced leaves increased the P resorption efficiency, whereas the senesced leaf P concentration played an important role in the P resorption efficiency of C. squarrosa. Grazing directly drove the change in P resorption efficiency of S. grandis. Our results suggest that large variations in nutrient resorption patterns among plant species depend on leaf nutritional status and nutrient-use strategies under overgrazing, and indicate that overgrazing may have indirect effects on plant-mediated nutrient cycling via inducing shifts in the dominance of the three plant species.

scholarly journals Nutrient resorption efficiency of three tree species in Beijing plain afforestation and its C:N:P stoichiometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Yuanhao Wu ◽  
◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
Beibei Chen ◽  
Yucun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Beijing Plain ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Leaf P

Elucidating variability in nutrient resorption and carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry is important for holistically understanding plant approaches to nutrient adaption. However, the patterns of these phenomena in afforested regions of the Beijing Plain have been ignored. Herein, we assessed patterns of leaf and litter C, N, and P stoichiometry and nutrient resorption in Robinia pseudoacacia L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, and Salix matsudana Koidz. forests in afforested areas in Beijing, China. We found that the plantation growth of R. pseudoacacia and S. matsudana was mainly limited by P nutrients. Both the N and P in the fresh leaves of R. pseudoacacia were significantly higher than those in the fresh leaves of S. matsudana and A. altissima, indicating that the N resorption efficiency (NRE) of R. pseudoacacia was higher. However, the P resorption efficiency (PRE) was significantly correlated with the leaf P nutrients in the R. pseudoacacia and A. altissima forests. Except for the significant correlation between the N content of fresh leaves and the AN content in soil, there were no significant correlations between the leaf C, N and P contents and the contents of these nutrients in the soil. These results suggested that of the factors studied, leaf P stoichiometry and PRE were more responsive indicators of the afforestation area on the Beijing Plain. Together, our data indicated that P deficiency is an important factor for the forests on the Beijing Plain and that the ability of afforested areas to adapt to barren land through nutrient resorption is gradually weakened and the N and P nutrient preservation ability is reduced over time. We thus clarified the nutrient resorption and leaf P and N patterns for the three forests studied. The findings have important implications for the application of P fertilizer, which must be conducted in a timely fashion to ensure that nutrient addition meets the nutritional needs of the plants.

Effect of leaf habit and soil type on nutrient resorption and conservation in woody species of a dry tropical environment

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
C B Lal ◽  
C Annapurna ◽  
A S Raghubanshi ◽  
J S Singh
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Chemistry ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Leaf Habit ◽  
Leaf N

We examined 90 dry tropical tree species growing on contrasting soil types (relatively infertile Ultisol and more fertile Inceptisol) for leaf traits such as leaf habit, specific leaf mass (SLM, leaf dry mass per leaf area), leaf chemistry (nutrient concentrations and C/N ratios), and nutrient resorption. Across the species, SLM ranged from 4.06 to 15.74 mg·cm–2 in mature leaves and from 2.60 to 15.12 mg·cm–2 in senesced leaves. Mature leaf N and P concentrations varied from 0.86% to 4.11% and 0.13% to 0.21%, respectively. Senesced leaf N concentrations varied from 0.49% to 1.90% and P from 0.04% to 0.47%. Resorption efficiencies varied from 26% to 83% (mean = 58.32% ± 1.20%) for N and from 16% to 80% (mean = 49.57% ± 1.48%) for P indicating that the woody species of dry tropical environments resorbed different nutrients in substantial amounts to support new growth. Deciduous species had greater resorbed nutrient pools and resorption efficiencies than evergreen species. Compared with the nutrient-rich environment, species from the nutrient-poor environment had a lower resorbed P pool and lower resorption efficiencies for N and P, but had similar N and P concentrations in mature leaves. Resorption efficiencies for C, N, and P were generally correlated, suggesting that the resorbed C pool acted as a vehicle for mobilizing nutrients, especially N. Species with a low or high C/N ratio in senesced leaf and a low or high N resorption efficiency occurred in both nutrient-poor and nutrient-rich environments, as well as among deciduous and evergreen leaf habits, indicating individualistic adaptations to optimize the efficiency of nutrient resource use and conservation of the dry tropical woody vegetation.Key words: leaf chemistry, leaf traits, resorption efficiency, resorbed nutrient pools, substrate-quality stability.

Nutrient resorption and stoichiometric responses of poplar (Populus deltoids) plantations to N addition in a coastal region of eastern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalong Jiang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Qinghong Geng ◽  
Menghua Zhang ◽  
Chonghua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Poplar Plantations ◽  
Populus Deltoids

Abstract Aims Leaf nutrient resorption is sensitive to changes in soil nutrients. However, the effects of N deposition on nutrient resorption efficiency (NuRE) in plant macro-nutrients remain unclear. Poplar (Populus deltoids) is one of the most extensively cultivated hardwood species worldwide. We explored general patterns and dominant drivers of NuRE and stoichiometry of poplar plantations in response to N addition. Methods We conducted a 4-year N-addition experiment to explore NuRE and stoichiometric responses to N addition in two poplar (Populus deltoids) plantations (8- and 12-year-old stands) in a coastal region of eastern China. We measured soil and foliar (green and senesced leaves) concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) for a series of N addition treatments including N0 (0 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N1 (50 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N2 (100 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), N3 (150 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1), and N4 (300 kg N ha ‒1 yr ‒1). Important Findings Consistent for (both) 8- and 12-year-old stands, N addition did not affect the NuRE and stoichiometry (with the exception of CaRE and CaRE:MgRE ratio). NRE-PRE scaling slopes were consistently less than 1.0 under N addition. These results suggest that NRE generally decouples from PRE within each N treatment. Moreover, these results point to robust control of green leaf nutritional status on nutrient resorption processes as indicated by the positive relationships between nutrient resorption efficiency and green leaf nutrient concentrations. Our findings provided a direct evidence that growth in 12-year-old poplar plantations was N-limited in a coastal region of eastern China.

Effects of defoliation timing on plant nutrient resorption and hay production in a semi-arid steppe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongrui Zhang ◽  
Frank Yonghong Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
Chunjun Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Return ◽  
Peak Biomass ◽  
Arid Steppe ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Aims Nutrient resorption is a key plant nutrient conservation strategy, and its response to environmental and management changes is linked to nutrient cycling and production of ecosystems. Defoliation is a major pathway of mowing affecting plant nutrient resorption and production in grasslands, while the effect of defoliation timing has not been unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of defoliation timing on plant nutrient resorption and production in a steppe ecosystem. Methods We conducted a field experiment in a semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia including four treatments: early defoliation, peak defoliation, late defoliation and non-defoliation. We measured plant nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) resorption at species and community levels, and quantified plant N and P fluxes in resorption, litter return and hay output. Plant production in the mowing system was assessed by hay production and quality. Important Findings Peak and late defoliation, but not early defoliation, reduced plant community N and P resorption proficiency (RP); and late defoliation reduced N resorption efficiency (RE) but not P resorption efficiency. Peak and late defoliation, but not early defoliation, reduced plant nutrient resorption flux and litter nutrient return flux. Defoliation timing did not alter root nutrient accumulation as nutrient uptake from soil likely compensated the deficit of nutrient resorption. Peak defoliation had the highest hay production and quality, while early defoliation had the lowest. Our results provide new insights into the nutrient cycling in mowing grassland, and imply that the mowing timing can be used as a tool to mediate the balance between conservation and production of steppes, and the early mowing before plant peak biomass period is recommended for conservation of the steppes while keeping sustainable pastoral production.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Resorption Responses of Alfalfa to Increasing Soil Water and P Availability in a Semi-Arid Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Kong ◽  
Jing Kang ◽  
Cheng-Long Han ◽  
Yan-Jie Gu ◽  
Kadambot H.M Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Nutrient Resorption ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Resorption Efficiency ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semi Arid

In semi-arid areas, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is widely grown, but its growth is often restricted due to limited rainfall and soil nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P). Nutrient resorption is an effective strategy for dealing with nutrient shortages. Alleviation of these limited resources using film mulch and P fertilization—which are common practices in semi-arid areas—can affect the internal recycling of such nutrients. Little is known about such effects in alfalfa and the relationship between resorption efficiency and forage yield. We conducted a two-year field experiment in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China using film mulch and P fertilization to investigate the response to long-term increasing soil water and P availability on leaf nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) concentrations and nutrient resorption characteristics in alfalfa. In green leaves, mulching significantly increased P concentration by an average of 5.5% but it had no significant effect on N concentration over two years, and it decreased K concentration by 16.1% in 2017. P fertilization significantly increased N concentrations to a greater degree in 2018 (8.1%) than 2017 (1.6%). P fertilization also significantly increased P concentrations by an average of 34.1% over two years. In contrast, P fertilization significantly decreased K concentration in the mulched treatment by an average of 17.3% in 2017 and 21.8% in 2018, but it had no effect in the no-mulch treatment. In senescent leaves, mulching significantly increased N concentration by an average of 3.9% and P concentration by an average of 16.7%, but it had no significant effect on K concentration over two years, while P fertilization significantly decreased N and K concentrations over two years by an average of 7.5%, and 32.8%, respectively. P fertilization significantly increased senesced P concentration by an average of 11.9% in 2017 and 17.5% in 2018; and year × mulching × P fertilization had a significant interaction on senesced leaf P concentration. For resorption efficiency, mulching decreased P resorption efficiency by an average of 3.0%, but it had no impact on N or K resorption efficiency, while P fertilization increased the N, P, and K resorption efficiencies in alfalfa by an average of 6.8%, 6.2%, and 76.4% over two years, respectively. Interactive effects of mulching and P fertilization were found on P and K resorption efficiencies over time. In addition, N and K resorption efficiencies were significantly higher in 2018 than in 2017. The application of P fertilizer without mulching resulted in positive correlations between forage yield and N, P, and K resorption efficiencies, but no correlations were observed under film mulch. That is, mulching changed the relationship between forage yield and N, P, and K resorption efficiencies in alfalfa, suggesting that N, P, and K resorption efficiencies may not be related to high yield. Our results provide new insights into the role of nutrient resorption in alfalfa in response to increasing soil water and P availability and the relationship between resorption efficiency and forage yield, which will help us to improve alfalfa yield in semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Nutrient element variability of peach trees and tree mortality in relation to cultivars and rootstocks

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Tsipouridis CG ◽  
Simonis AD ◽  
S. Bladenopoulos ◽  
Issakidis AM ◽  
Stylianidis DC
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Nutrient Element ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Peach Orchard ◽  
Leaf N

Leaf samples from 12 peach cultivars (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) (Early Crest, May Crest, Flavor Crest,Sun Crest, Fayette, Katherina, Loadel, Andross, Everts, May Grand, Firebrite and Fairlane) grafted on four peach root-stocks were analyzed for their nutrient content. The analysis of variance for leaf nutrient concentrations indicated very significant effects and interactions among cultivars and rootstocks. The rootstock effect on the absorption of nutrient elements was higher for Ca, K, P, Mg, N, and lower for Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, and B. Generally cultivars grafted on GF 677 had higher N, K, Fe, Cu and lower Zn, Mn, and B, while leaves from cultivars grafted on wild seedlings were found to contain higher Mg and lower P, K, Fe concentrations. Leaf B and Ca were higher for cultivars grafted on Sant Julien GF 655/2, while cultivars on Damas GF 1869 had higher P, Zn, Mn and lower N, B, Ca, Cu concentrations. Leaf N was lower for Fayette on all four rootstocks and significantly different from all other cultivars. Leaf P was lower for Everts and higher for Katherina. Lower concentrations were observed in Early Crest for Fe and Zn, in Andross for Mn, and in Loadel for B, while Flavor Crest had higher concentrations of all these elements. Leaf Zn was the highest for Sun Crest on wild seedling and the lowest for Early Crest on the same rootstock. Similarly leaf N was the highest for Katherina on Damas and the lowest for Fayetteon the same rootstock. Also leaf Mg was the highest for Fayette on Damas and the lowest for Fairlane on Damas. Peach tree mortality was the highest for Damas 1869 and lowest for Sant Julien. Also tree mortality was highest for Early Crest and Sun Crest and lowest for May Grand, Firebrite, and Katherina. The observed trends in the leaf nutrient composition, as regards the cultivars, rootstocks and their interactions, emphasize the importance of these factors on a new peach orchard establishment and macro-microelement fertilization.      

scholarly journals Interval Model of the Efficiency of the Functioning of Information Web Resources for Services on Ecological Expertise

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Mykola Dyvak ◽  
Oleksandr Papa ◽  
Andrii Melnyk ◽  
Andriy Pukas ◽  
Nataliya Porplytsya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Difference Equation ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Discrete Models ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Incorrect Choice ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
The Difference

Mathematical models of the efficiency dynamics of information web resources are considered in this paper. The application of interval discrete models in the form of difference equations is substantiated and the approach to estimation of the model parameters is proposed. The proposed approach is based on the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABCA). A number of experimental studies have been carried out based on data on the functioning of web resources related to environmental monitoring services. The indicator of an information web resource user’s activity has been investigated. Three cases of model building in the form of difference equations as interval discrete models (IDM) have been considered. They vary in the general kind of expression. As a result of the computational experiments, it is shown that the adequacy of a model depends on the expression of the difference equation. In the case of its incorrect choice, the proposed method of parameters’ identification may be ineffective. The obtained interval discrete model in the difference equation form, which describes the efficiency of a web resource, makes it possible to optimize business processes in an organization that uses this web resource, as well as optimally allocate organizational resources and the workload of employees of the administrative service center. Based on the conducted experiments, the efficiency of the proposed model’s application is confirmed.

Sensitivity Coefficients Utilized in Nonlinear Estimation With Small Parameters in a Heat Transfer Problem

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Transfer Problem ◽  
Nonlinear Estimation ◽  
Transient Heat Conduction ◽  
Computer Time ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficients ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Small Parameters ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Building Identification

The method of nonlinear estimation for determining parameters in differential equations is extended to treat more efficiently the problem of determining dominant and small parameters. Using the sensitivity coefficients, it is shown how to determine the dominant parameters first using nonlinear estimation and then using linear least squares to find the small parameters. This procedure can save a considerable amount of computer time. Even more important is the application to model-building (identification). The residuals for the difference of the temperatures calculated, assuming the small parameters are zero, and the measured temperatures are shown to yield information for discriminating between alternate mathematical models. A transient heat-conduction example is given to illustrate some of the concepts developed.

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