Synthesis and Characterization of Crosslinking Etherification Bagasse Xylan

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zu Tie Luo ◽  
He Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ir Spectrometry ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Aqueous Solution Polymerization ◽  
One Year ◽  
Polymerization Method

The bagasse xylan is a polysaccharide that occurs in nature in enormous amount in various one year-and perennial plants. Versatile ways to generate bio-based functional polymers result from the chemical modification of this biopolymer. The crosslinking etherification bagasse xylan (CEBX) has been synthesized by using aqueous solution polymerization method. It implies the use of sodium hydroxide, chloroacetic acid as a carboxymethylating agent and epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent. The DS values of Carboxymethylated xylan up to 0.59 can be controlled by adjusting the molar ratio in a two step syntheses. Crosslinking etherification bagasse xylan are water soluble at a DS of 0.3. The result showed that the final product had excellent surface activity. IR spectrometry were applied to characterize the carboxymethyl xylans in detail, and revealed characteristic absorption peaks at 1600, 1426 and 1324cm−1.

Study on the Synthesis and Properties of Water-Soluble Chitosan Grafted Copolymer

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1480-1485
Author(s):  
Shui Li Lai ◽  
Ning Yang ◽  
Qiang Chai
Keyword(s):  
Light Transmission ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Grafted Copolymer ◽  
Deacetylation Degree ◽  
Aqueous Solution Polymerization ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Polymerization Method

Grafted chitosan(CTS) copolymer was synthesized by the aqueous solution polymerization method, using the ammonium persulfate as initiator graft, Acrylamide（AM）and methacrylamide trimethyl Ammonium Chloride (DMC) as the grafted monomer. The effects of reaction conditions on grafted copolymerization were studied. When the deacetylation degree of chitosan as raw material is 86%, the optimum reaction to produce CTS -AM-DMC ternary graft copolymers by first AM and then DMC sequence were obtained at [initiator] 0.08%, 50°Cand 3.5h.The structure of CTS-AM-DMC was characterized by FTIR and XRD. When the dosage of synthetic product is 0.3mg/L, the effect of flocculation on the papermaking wastewater is obvious better, which can make the light transmission up to 99%, and CODCr to 9mg/L.

Synthesis and Characterization of Rhenium Concerned Macroporous Adsorption Resin Microspheres

2014 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Shi Dong Wang ◽  
Hui Min Zhao ◽  
Shu Liang Zang
Keyword(s):  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Polymeric Adsorbent ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Resin Microspheres ◽  
Macroporous Adsorption Resin ◽  
Acrylic Ester ◽  
Polymerization Method

The macroporous resin is one kind of new non-ionic organic high polymer absorbent with nearly 20 years development. It takes the styrene and the acrylic ester as the monomer, divinyl benzene as the crosslinking agent, the toluene and the xylene as aperture reagents. They intersectantly linked the polymerization to form the porous skeleton structure mutually. This experiment is the utilization of aerosol polymerization method in preparation of rhenium concerned polymeric adsorbent. On research of monomer and crosslinking agent allocated proportion, dispersing agent amount used, temperature and mixing speed control, the different monomer and the crosslinking agent separately affected the synthesis different macroporous polymeric adsorbent. Also we investigated the adsorption performance quality of the different macroporous polymeric adsorbent in order to make the best particle size.

scholarly journals Purification and Structural Characterization of a Novel Water-Soluble Neutral Polysaccharide from Cantharellus cibarius and Its Immunostimulating Activity in RAW264.7 Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
Xichun Peng ◽  
Jiaying Lv ◽  
Siyin Liao ◽  
Shiyi Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immunostimulating Activity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Polysaccharide is one of the important active ingredients of Cantharellus cibarius. The aims of this work were to analyze preliminary characterization and to investigate immunostimulating activity of a novel water-soluble neutral polysaccharide named JP1, which was purified from the fruiting body of Cantharellus cibarius using DEAE-FF chromatography and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The characteristics of JP1 were determined by HPGPC, FT-IR spectra, gas chromatography, and Congo Red Method. Immunostimulating activity of JP1 was investigated in RAW264.7 cells. Results indicated that JP1 consisted of L-Arabinose, D-Mannose, D-Glucose, and D-Galactose in a molar ratio of 1 : 1.06 : 1.95 : 1.17 with a molecular weight of 336 kDa. JP1 is nontoxic to RAW264.7 cells at this concentration range (62.5–1000 μg/mL). Furthermore, JP1 can promote mouse peritoneal macrophages to secrete NO and enhance the secretion of macrophages’ cytokines IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggested that JP1 could have potential immunostimulating activity applications as medicine or functional food.

Indomethacin Molecular Imprinted Polymer Preparation, Characterization of Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 785-789
Author(s):  
Zhi Dou Tan
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Thermal Polymerization ◽  
Imprinted Polymer ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Aqueous Solution Polymerization

In order to indomethacin (IDM) for imprinting molecular, acrylamide (AA) as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA two) as crosslinking agent, respectively by photopolymerization and thermal polymerization of two methods of aqueous solution polymerization, suspension polymerization preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer.The polymer adsorption experiments show that the use of light-polymerized specificity is strong; light initiated polymer used for sample determination and calibration experiments, results in tap water and river water samples in Enshi Qingjiang indomethacin recoveries were 84.3% and 87.1%, were higher than 80%.Tap water and the relative standard deviation (n = 3) were 3.96%, 14.2%, that can be used for the separation and enrichment of indomethacin in water samples.

scholarly journals Structural Characterization of Dietary Fiber of Green Chalcumra (Benincasa Hispida) Fruit by NMR Spectroscopic Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debsankar Das ◽  
Subhas Mondal ◽  
Debabrata Maiti ◽  
Sadhan K. Roy ◽  
Syed S. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Benincasa Hispida

A water-soluble dietary fiber was isolated from the hot aqueous extract of Chalcumra ( Benincasa hispida) fruit. The polysaccharide was found to contain D-galactose and D-methyl galacturonate in a molar ratio of 2:1. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR spectroscopic studies (1H, 13C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as →4)-β-D-Gal p-(1→4)-β-D-Gal p-(1→2)-α-D-Gal pA6Me-(1→.

scholarly journals Factors determining the formation of secondary inorganic aerosol: a case study in the Po Valley (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1927-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Squizzato ◽  
M. Masiol ◽  
A. Brunelli ◽  
S. Pistollato ◽  
E. Tarabotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
Inorganic Aerosol ◽  
One Year ◽  
Critical Regions

Abstract. Physicochemical properties of aerosol were investigated by analyzing the inorganic water soluble content in PM2.5 samples collected in the eastern part of the Po Valley (Italy). In this area the EU limits for many air pollutants are frequently exceeded as a consequence of local sources and regional-scale transport of secondary inorganic aerosol precursors. Nine PM2.5-bound major inorganic ions (F−, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) were monitored over one year in three sites categorized as semi-rural background, urban background and industrial. The acidic properties of the PM2.5 were studied by applying the recently developed E-AIM thermodynamic model 4 (Extended Aerosol Thermodynamics Model). The experimental data were also examined in relation to the levels of gaseous precursors of secondary inorganic aerosol (SO2, NOx, NO, NO2) and on the basis of some environmental conditions having an effect on the secondary aerosols generation processes. A chemometric procedure using cluster analysis on experimental [NH4+]/[SO42−] molar ratio and NO3− concentration has been applied to determine the conditions needed for ammonium nitrate formation in different chemical environments. Finally, some considerations on the secondary inorganic aerosol formation and the most relevant weather conditions concerning the sulfate-nitrate-ammonium system were also discussed. The obtained results and discussion can help in understanding the secondary aerosol formation dynamics in the Po Valley, which is one of the most critical regions for air pollution in southern Europe.

Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Acrylamide Water Soluble Macromer

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Datchanee Kraisiri ◽  
Nuanphun Chantarasiri ◽  
Vimolvan Pimpan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Visible Absorption ◽  
Emulsifier System ◽  
Polymerization Method

Fluorescent acrylamide water soluble macromer was synthesized from dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide-9-(chloromethyl)anthracene quaternary ammonium salt monomer using an inverse emulsion polymerization method. It was initiated by benzoylperoxide and stabilized by a co-emulsifier system consisting of Span®80 and Tween®60 dispersed in a continuous phase of cyclohexane with HLB value of 6.42. The polymerization was done at 80°C for 4 hours. The obtained macromer exhibited similar functional groups, ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescent emission but different solubility when compared to the monomer. Further analyses by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry revealed the chemical structure of the macromer as a dimer of the monomer containing carcon-carbon double bonds.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of a hyper-branched water-soluble β-cyclodextrin polymer

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2586-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Trotta ◽  
Fabrizio Caldera ◽  
Roberta Cavalli ◽  
Andrea Mele ◽  
Carlo Punta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
New Material ◽  
Crucial Parameter

A new hyper-branched water-soluble polymer was synthesized by reacting β-cyclodextrin with pyromellitic dianhydride beyond the critical conditions that allow the phenomenon of gelation to occur. The molar ratio between the monomers is a crucial parameter that rules the gelation process. Nevertheless, the concentration of monomers in the solvent phase plays a key role as well. Hyper-branched β-cyclodextrin-based polymers were obtained performing the syntheses with excess of solvent and cross-linking agent, and the conditions for critical dilution were determined experimentally. A hyper-branched polymer with very high water solubility was obtained and fully characterized both as for its chemical structure and for its capability to encapsulate substances. Fluorescein was used as probe molecule to test the complexation properties of the new material.

scholarly journals The isolation and characterization of bilirubin diglucuronide, the major bilirubin conjugate in dog and human bile

1976 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Gordon ◽  
C A Goresky ◽  
T H Chang ◽  
A S Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Human Bile ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Azo Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The chemical structure of the major conjugate of bilirubin was unequivocally elucidated by structural analysis. The conjugated bilirubins were first separated from the lipid components of human duodenal aspirates or dog gall-bladder bile, and then resolved by t.l.c. into a series of tetrapyrroles. The major tetrapyrrole was then converted into its more stable dipyrrolic azo derivative for further analysis. The conjugated moiety of the azopigment was characterized after methanolysis with sodium methoxide. This reaction yields two types of product, those soluble in water and those soluble in organic solvents. The organic-soluble fraction was shown by t.l.c. and mass spectrometry to contain the methyl esters of the dipyrrolic azo derivatives of bilirubin. The water-soluble materials were analysed by enzymic procedures, t.l.c., n.m.r. spectrometry and combined g.l.c. and mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that the only water-soluble product resulting from the methanolysis was glucuronic acid. The structure was identical with that of pure standards, on both mass spectrometry and n.m.r. spectroscopy. No contaminating moieties were found. Quantitative measurement indicated that the glucuronic acid had been released in a 1:1 molar ratio with the resulting methyl esters of the dipyrrolic azo derivatives of bilirubin. This unequivocally establishes bilirubin diglucuronide as the major pigment present in bile. Past problems with identification of bilirubin diglucuronide were shown to originate from procedures which resulted in incomplete separation and isolation of the azopigments of the conjugated bilirubins, owing to contamination by biliary lipids.

Characterization of Chemical Impurities in Glutaraldehyde

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
B. J. Grenon ◽  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Glutaric Acid ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Aldol Condensation ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Impurity Component ◽  
Chemical Impurities ◽  
Soluble Liquid

Ever since the introduction of glutaraldehyde as a fixative in electron microscopy of biological specimens, the identification of impurities and consequently their effects on biologic ultrastructure have been under investigation. Several reports postulate that the impurities of glutaraldehyde, used as a fixative, are glutaric acid, glutaraldehyde polymer, acrolein and glutaraldoxime.Analysis of commercially available biological or technical grade glutaraldehyde revealed two major impurity components, none of which has been reported. The first compound is a colorless, water-soluble liquid with a boiling point of 42°C at 16 mm. Utilizing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis, this compound has been identified to be — dihydro-2-ethoxy 2H-pyran. This impurity component of the glutaraldehyde biological or technical grades has an UV absorption peak at 235nm. The second compound is a white amorphous solid which is insoluble in water and has a melting point of 80-82°C. Initial chemical analysis indicates that this compound is an aldol condensation product(s) of glutaraldehyde.

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