A Fundamental Study of Dry Blasting: Effects of Abrasive Grains on Surface Roughness

2003 ◽  
Vol 238-239 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Koichi Kitajima ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
Moriyasu Izawa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Abrasive Grains

Fundamental Study on Laser Interactions With Nanoparticles-Reinforced Metals—Part II: Effect of Nanoparticles on Surface Tension, Viscosity, and Laser Melting

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ma ◽  
Jingzhou Zhao ◽  
Chezheng Cao ◽  
Ting-Chiang Lin ◽  
Xiaochun Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Laser Polishing ◽  
Laser Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Laser Interactions

It is of great scientific and technical interests to conduct fundamental studies on the laser interactions with nanoparticles-reinforced metals. This part of the study presents the effects of nanoparticles on surface tension and viscosity, thus the heat transfer and fluid flow, and eventually the laser melting process. In order to determine the surface tension and viscosity of nanoparticles-reinforced metals, an innovative measurement system was developed based on the characteristics of oscillating metal melt drops after laser melting. The surface tensions of Ni/Al2O3 (4.4 vol. %) and Ni/SiC (3.6 vol. %) at ∼1500 °C were 1.39 ± 0.03 N/m and 1.57 ± 0.06 N/m, respectively, slightly lower than that of pure Ni, 1.68 ± 0.04 N/m. The viscosities of these Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/SiC MMNCs at ∼1500 °C were 13.3 ± 0.8 mPa·s and 17.3 ± 3.1 mPa·s, respectively, significantly higher than that of pure Ni, 4.8 ± 0.3 mPa·s. To understand the influences of the nanoparticles-modified thermophysical properties on laser melting, an analytical model was used to theoretically predict the melt pool flows using the newly measured material properties from both Part I and Part II. The theoretical analysis indicated that the thermocapillary flows were tremendously suppressed due to the significantly increased viscosity after the addition of nanoparticles. To test the hypothesis that laser polishing could significantly benefit from this new phenomenon, systematic laser polishing experiments at various laser pulse energies were conducted on Ni/Al2O3 (4.4 vol. %) and pure Ni for comparison. The surface roughness of the Ni/Al2O3 was reduced from 323 nm to 72 nm with optimized laser polishing parameters while that of pure Ni only from 254 nm to 107 nm. The normalized surface roughness reduced by nearly a factor of two with the help of nanoparticles, validating the feasibility to tune thermophysical properties and thus control laser-processing outcomes by nanoparticles. It is expected that the nanoparticle approach can be applied to many laser manufacturing technologies to improve the process capability and broaden the application space.

scholarly journals Developing an Analytical Model and Computing Tool for Optimizing Lapping Operations of Flat Objects Made of Alloyed Steels

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Deaconescu ◽  
Andrea Deaconescu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Operation Optimization ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Lapping is a finishing process where loose abrasive grains contained in a slurry are pressed against a workpiece to reduce its surface roughness. To perform a lapping operation, the user needs to set the values of the respective lapping conditions (e.g., pressure, depth of cut, the rotational speed of the pressing lap plate, and alike) based on some material properties of the workpiece, abrasive grains, and slurry, as well as on the desired surface roughness. Therefore, a mathematical model is needed that establishes the relationships among the abovementioned parameters. The mathematical model can be used to develop a lapping operation optimization system, as well. To this date, such a model and system are not available mainly because the relationships among lapping conditions, material properties of abrasive grains and slurry, and surface roughness are difficult to establish. This study solves this problem. It presents a mathematical model establishing the required relationships. It also presents a system developed based on the mathematical model. In addition, the efficacy of the system is also shown using a case study. This study thus helps systematize lapping operations in regard to real-world applications.

Study on Micro Mill-Grinding Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Ya Dong Gong ◽  
Guo Qiang Yin ◽  
Xue Long Wen ◽  
Jun Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Abrasive Particle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Micro Machining ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Machining System ◽  
Spraying Method

Micro mechanical processing is the effective method for machining micro scale parts. Micro mill-grinding technology is presented based on micro milling and micro grinding processes. The machining principle of micro mill-grinding is studied, and compound tools for micro mill-grinding are fabricated based on spraying technology. Experiments are performed on Al 6061-T6 with the three-dimensional micro machining system. The results show that submicron surface roughness can be obtained by micro mill-grinding. Abrasive grains of mill-grinding tools fabricated by spraying method shed easily. Smaller abrasive particle size improves the surface quality and increases the tool life.

scholarly journals Lapping of Mn-Zn Ferrite. 1st Report. Effect of Fixed and Loose Abrasive Grains on Removal Rate and Surface Roughness.

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (587) ◽  
pp. 3116-3122
Author(s):  
Mutsumi Touge ◽  
Yoshifumi Ohbuchi ◽  
Tetsuo Matsuo ◽  
Noboru Ueda ◽  
Naruo Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Zn Ferrite

A new tool developed for ultraprecision milling nickel by using magnetic liquid slurries

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140034
Author(s):  
Van Hieu Phan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Magnetic Liquid ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Liquid Slurry

In developing a new milling technique that can produce high precision, smoothness, and gloss on nickel workpiece surfaces, a widely used material is in industrial applications, particularly in mold manufacturing, in which the production requires exceptionally high accuracy. In this work, the factors influencing the magnetic material milling process are determined by investigating the distribution of magnetic iron (MIGs) and abrasive grains (AGs) in the working surface of magnetic liquid slurry (MLS). The magnetic liquid slurry (MLS) contained commercially available MIGs successfully applied for milling the surface of magnetic materials with extremely high accuracy. Surface roughness ([Formula: see text] nm) without leaving scratches on the surface after milling.

Lapping of Electrical Discharge Machining Processed Tool Steel Surface Using Elliptical Tool Motion

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Mizuno ◽  
Toshirou Iyama ◽  
Susumu Sugawara ◽  
Bi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Lapping Machine ◽  
Tool Motion ◽  
Motion Behavior ◽  
Objective Tool

A prototype lapping machine, which finishes surfaces by applying elliptical motions to a lapping tool in the presence of diamond compound, is developed. This paper describes the structure of the lapping machine, the 2-dimensional tool motions measured on the machine, the behavior of the diamond compounds between the tool and lapping surfaces, and the fundamental lapping performance. The tool motions are measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer and the proportional constants that are needed to obtain an objective tool motion are determined with the regression technique. The motion behavior of the diamond abrasive grains for each tool motion is directly observed with a microscope through a glass plate. Lapping experiments are conducted under the conditions with and without the work-feed. After lapping, the workpiece surface is measured using a surface profilometer for surface roughness and profile information. As a result, a surface roughness of less than 0.1μmRa is achieved using a 3μm compound and near-circular tool motion of 12.5μm radius.

Nonwoven Wheel Polishing of Ti-6Al-4V and Co-Cr-Mo Alloys

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yancheng Wang ◽  
Bing Yan ◽  
Albert J. Shih
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Biocompatible Materials ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Abrasive Grains ◽  
Nonwoven Fibers

This research investigates the nonwoven wheels polishing of Ti-6Al-4V and Co-Cr-Mo alloys, which are biocompatible materials for medical implants. The structure of the high porosity nonwoven wheels consisting of the nonwoven fibers and abrasive grains are characterized. The compressibility and stiffness of the wheel are measured. The stiffness of the wheel is nonlinear depending on the wheel surface speed and compression depth. Polishing tests at two levels of wheel surface speed and compression depth are conducted. Surface roughness and polishing forces are studied. Results demonstrated that polishing of Ti-6Al-4V is difficult, which has twice larger surface roughness than that of Co-Cr-Mo. The nonwoven wheel operating at lower surface speed and smaller compression depth is beneficial to generate a better surface roughness for Ti-6Al-4V and Co-Cr-Mo.

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