Hip Joint Control of PGO for Paraplegics

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jae Kang ◽  
Jei Cheong Ryu ◽  
Gyoo Suk Kim ◽  
Mu Seong Mun
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Control ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Air Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flexion And Extension

In this study, we developed a fuzzy-logic-controlled PGO (Power Gait Othosis) that controls the flexion and extension of each PGO joint using bio-signals and an FSR sensor. The PGO driving system works to couple the right and left sides of the orthosis by specially-designed hip joints and pelvic section. This driving system consists of the orthosis, sensor, and control system. An air supply system for muscle action is composed of an air compressor, 2-way solenoid valve (MAC, USA), accumulator and pressure sensor. The role of this system is to provide constant “air muscle” with compressed air at the hip joint. With the output signal of the EMG and foot sensors, air muscles assist the flexion of the hip joint during the PGO gait.

scholarly journals Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Maria Rosina Manbait ◽  
Ferdinan Fankari ◽  
Apri Adiari Manu ◽  
Emma Krisyudhanti
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
General Description ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The Role of Parents in the Maintenance of Dental and Mouth Health. Dental health education must be introduced as early as possible to children so they can know how to maintain oral and dental health properly. The active role of parents in the development of children is very necessary when they are still under preschool age. The active role of parents in question is to guide, provide understanding, remind, and provide facilities to children. Preschoolers cannot maintain their health properly and effectively, so parents must keep an eye on this procedure continuously. The purpose of this study was to determine the general description of the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health. This type of research is a descriptive study describing the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health regarding the regulation of children's eating diets, how to brush their teeth properly, and control dental health. This research method is descriptive research. The results of this study indicate the role of parents in regulating dietary foods including moderate criteria, how to brush teeth properly including good criteria and control of oral health including good criteria. Overall, the role of parents of kindergarten children Rosa Mystica Liliba in maintaining oral health has good criteria. The conclusion of this study is the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kindergarten children in maintaining oral health is good but the right action has not been implemented so that the average dental caries of children is still high namely 4 carious teeth. Abstrak: Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi harus diperkenalkan sedini mungkin kepada anak agar mereka dapat mengetahui cara memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara baik dan benar. Peran aktif orang tua terhadap perkembangan anak sangat diperlukan pada saat mereka masih berada dibawah usia prasekolah.  Peran aktif orang tua yang dimaksud adalah membimbing, memberikan pengertian, mengingatkan, dan menyediakan fasilitas kepada anak. Anak usia prasekolah tidak dapat menjaga kesehatan nya secara benar dan efektif maka orang tua harus mengawasi prosedur ini secara terus-menerus. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui gambaran umum peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Jenis Penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif yang menggambarkan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mengenai pengaturan diet makan anak, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar dan kontrol kesehatan gigi. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan peran orang tua dalam pengaturan diet makanan termasuk kriteria sedang, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar termasuk kriteria baik dan kontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulut termasuk kriteria baik. Secara keseluruhan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mendapat kriteria baik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sudah baik namun tindakan yang tepat belum terlaksana sehingga rata-rata karies gigi anak masih tinggi yakni 4 gigi berkaries. 

Hearing asymmetry and auditory acuity in the Australian bushcricket Requena verticalis (Listroscelidinae; Tettigoniidae;Orthoptera)

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (18) ◽  
pp. 2935-2942
Author(s):  
Winston J. Bailey ◽  
Suanne Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Sound Localisation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Auditory Acuity ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Auditory Asymmetry ◽  
Hearing System

SUMMARY Fluctuating asymmetry in bilaterally placed sensory structures of insects may be considered maladaptive; natural selection should favour a symmetrical system. Among bushcrickets or katydids, threshold hearing sensitivity is, in part, dependent on the size of the auditory spiracle in the prothorax. We tested the degree of natural asymmetry in the hearing system of the ensiferan orthopteran Requena verticalis by measuring the size of the auditory spiracle of females. Naturally occurring asymmetry approached 8%, which translates to a hearing bias at a threshold of only 0.8 dB. Auditory asymmetry of females was experimentally exaggerated by packing cotton wool into either the right or left auditory spiracle. We made neurophysiological recordings from the ascending auditory T-fibre in the neck connective and found that the left—right bias created by this operation approximated 5 dB; this is greater than that found in nature. For these experiments, sound was delivered to the operated side of the insect from a speaker placed at either 90° or 30° to the long-body axis. To test the influence of this induced auditory bias, free-moving females were allowed to orient towards a speaker emitting male calls at near-natural call intensities of 51 and 82 dB (SPL), 80 cm from the speaker on a flat arena. There was no variation in angle or vector between experimental and control insects, and there was no difference in acuity between intensity. We discuss the relevance of threshold measurements of bushcricket hearing systems in regard to sound localisation and, from these experiments question any role of asymmetry.

Methodological approaches to improving hip joint mobility among female students of higher educational institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Yana V. Platonova ◽  
Valentina I. Syutina
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Mobility Problem ◽  
Hip Diseases ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hip Flexion

Introduction. The statistics revealed during the literature analysis indicates the wide-spread of joint diseases worldwide, including hip diseases, and all human motor activity depends on the hip functioning. Limited mobility in the joint is caused by a sedentary lifestyle and the absence of movements with involved hip joint. The practice of conducting recreational aerobics classes with female students has shown the lack of girls’ proper attention to the mobility problem in the hip joints. Methods. 200 female students of 1–4 courses of Derzhavin Tambov State University, engaged in recreational aerobics, took part in the study of hip joint mobility. The study used tests to assess the degree of hip joint opening and to identify the presence of asymmetry when the legs are pulled to the sides. Results. There is a unidirectional tendency in the ability to perform motor action with the maximum amplitude of movement in the hip joints of female students of 1–4 courses. The thighs of the students open in the same way; there is no asymmetry between the right and left legs when opening. Conclusions. The study helped to draw up an overall balance and identify trends in the development of hip joint mobility in girls, to understand the causes leading to pelvic displacement and limited hip flexion amplitude, to expand the understanding of methods for assessing hip joint mobility and tests for detecting asymmetry when the legs are pulled to the sides.

scholarly journals Efikasi Kartu Senyum Berpengaruh terhadap Peningkatkan Derajat Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Jusuf Kristianto ◽  
Dwi Priharti ◽  
Minarni Minarni
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dental Health Services ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

School dental health services are implemented in an integrated manner through primary dental and oral health activities at the Puskesmas with the main UKS activities in the form of Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah  (UKGS) program.Various methods are used to achieve maximum dental and oral health, such as promotion and demonstration of toothbrushes for elementary school children. One way to improve your child's behavior in the oral hygiene is to provide dental health education on how to brush your teeth is good and right with using tools or proper and appropriate media. A Smile Card is one of the right methods to change children's behavior in maintaining dental and oral hygiene.This study aims to determine the effect of the Smile Card on the health of the teeth and mouth of children, in children who do not have parentsThe sample is 150 people divided into intervention and control groups. The results showed that there were differences in the influence of knowledge and without the role of parents on improving dental and oral hygiene between the groups given the Smile Card intervention with the group not given the Smile Card, where p = 0.001 <0.05.It can be concluded that knowledge and companion roles influence the improvement of children's oral and dental hygiene.

scholarly journals Expression of Early Growth Responsive Gene-1 in The Visual Cortex of Monocular Form Deprivation Amblyopic Kittens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haobo Fan ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiuping Tang ◽  
Liyuan Yang ◽  
Weiqi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deprivation Group ◽  
Mean Optical Density ◽  
Responsive Gene ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose The present study compared the expression of early growth responsive gene-1 (Egr-1) in visual cortex between amblyopia kittens and normal kittens, and to explore the role of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of amblyopia. Methods A total of 20 healthy kittens were randomly divided into deprivation group and control group with 10 kittens in each group. Raised in natural light, and cover the right eye of the deprived kittens with a black opaque covering cloth. Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) were measured before and at the 1st, 3rd and 5th week after covering in all kittens. After the last PVEP test, all kittens were killed. The expression of Egr-1 in the visual cortex of the two groups was compared by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results PVEP detection showed that at age of 6 and 8 weeks, the P100 wave latency in the right eye of deprivation group was higher than that in the left eye of deprivation group (P < 0.05) and the right eye of control group (P < 0.05), while the amplitude decreased (P < 0.05). The number of positive cells (P < 0.05) and mean optical density (P < 0.05) of Egr-1 protein expression in visual cortex of 8-week-old deprivation group were lower than those of normal group, as well as the number (P < 0.05) and mean optical density of Egr-1 mRNA-positive cells (P < 0.05). Conclusions Monocular form deprivation amblyopia can lead to the decrease of Egr-1 protein and mRNA expression in visual cortex, and then promote the occurrence and development of amblyopia.

scholarly journals Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Maria Rosina Manbait ◽  
Ferdinan Fankari ◽  
Apri Adiari Manu ◽  
Emma Krisyudhanti
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
General Description ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The Role of Parents in the Maintenance of Dental and Mouth Health. Dental health education must be introduced as early as possible to children so they can know how to maintain oral and dental health properly. The active role of parents in the development of children is very necessary when they are still under preschool age. The active role of parents in question is to guide, provide understanding, remind, and provide facilities to children. Preschoolers cannot maintain their health properly and effectively, so parents must keep an eye on this procedure continuously. The purpose of this study was to determine the general description of the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health. This type of research is a descriptive study describing the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health regarding the regulation of children's eating diets, how to brush their teeth properly, and control dental health. This research method is descriptive research. The results of this study indicate the role of parents in regulating dietary foods including moderate criteria, how to brush teeth properly including good criteria and control of oral health including good criteria. Overall, the role of parents of kindergarten children Rosa Mystica Liliba in maintaining oral health has good criteria. The conclusion of this study is the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kindergarten children in maintaining oral health is good but the right action has not been implemented so that the average dental caries of children is still high namely 4 carious teeth. Abstrak: Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi harus diperkenalkan sedini mungkin kepada anak agar mereka dapat mengetahui cara memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara baik dan benar. Peran aktif orang tua terhadap perkembangan anak sangat diperlukan pada saat mereka masih berada dibawah usia prasekolah.  Peran aktif orang tua yang dimaksud adalah membimbing, memberikan pengertian, mengingatkan, dan menyediakan fasilitas kepada anak. Anak usia prasekolah tidak dapat menjaga kesehatan nya secara benar dan efektif maka orang tua harus mengawasi prosedur ini secara terus-menerus. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui gambaran umum peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Jenis Penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif yang menggambarkan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mengenai pengaturan diet makan anak, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar dan kontrol kesehatan gigi. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan peran orang tua dalam pengaturan diet makanan termasuk kriteria sedang, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar termasuk kriteria baik dan kontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulut termasuk kriteria baik. Secara keseluruhan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mendapat kriteria baik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sudah baik namun tindakan yang tepat belum terlaksana sehingga rata-rata karies gigi anak masih tinggi yakni 4 gigi berkaries. 

scholarly journals Powerful City Networks: More than Connections, Less than Domination and Control

Urban Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2895-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Allen
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Switching Point ◽  
International Division ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Right ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Powerful cities are often distinguished from others by the concentration and mix of resources at their disposal. The right mix, the right people and skills, along with the ability to do something with them marks off the more powerful from the less powerful cities. In that respect, far reaching influence and control are the hallmarks of a powerful city. Often implicit in this view, however, is an understanding of power as something which a city possesses, a capacity for domination and control embedded in the city itself which gives it a ranking above others. This paper sets out an alternative way of thinking about how power ‘works’ for cities that is not based upon hierarchical domination or a zero sum game. The first part outlines a view of power as a means to an end, a medium that enables cities to hold networks together and bridge connections. Following that, the ‘power to’ run the networks, to exercise power with rather than over others, is illustrated through the example of the international division of labour that holds between the London and Frankfurt financial centres. In particular, the key role of intermediate elites as brokers is highlighted. This analysis is developed further in the final section by taking the example of Sydney as a powerful ‘switching point’, but one where intermediaries broker and bridge global networks to gain advantage — not through practices of domination and control, but more subtle modes of power such as manipulation and inducement, which operate at the expense of others. In so doing, the ‘power to’ make things happen folds over into power over others.

scholarly journals Hip abduction and supported standing affect the ranges of hips extension in spinal muscular atrophy patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Stępień ◽  
Joanna Sikora-Chojak ◽  
Katarzyna Maślanko ◽  
Wojciech Kiebzak
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Healthy Participants

Introduction: Recommendations for management of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) do not contain detailed information about the position of lower limbs during support standing. It has been observed that during the measurement of the range of extension in the hip joint (HE) in SMA patients, the examined limb was often naturally abducted. Aim: The main aim of the study was to compare the values of HE in the sagittal plane and in abduction, and to assess the correlation between the duration of supported standing and HE in SMA patients. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 75 SMA individuals aged 2–22 years and control group consisted of 202 healthy participants. The measurements were performed with the Rippstein plurimeter and goniometer. Results and discussion: Range of HE in SMA patients was larger in abduction than in the sagittal plane. A correlation was noted between the duration of supported standing and HE. Conclusions: Supported standing with hip joint abduction should be used in SMA patients. The obtained results broaden the knowledge about the biomechanics of hip joints in SMA patients.

Material Rhetoric: Spreading Stones and Showing Bones in the Study of Prehistory

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Van Reybrouck ◽  
Raf de Bont ◽  
Jan Rock
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Material Rhetoric ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Material Data ◽  
Scientific Rhetoric ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

ArgumentSince the linguistic turn, the role of rhetoric in the circulation and the popular representation of knowledge has been widely accepted in science studies. This article aims to analyze not a textual form of scientific rhetoric, but the crucial role of materiality in scientific debates. It introduces the concept of material rhetoric to understand the promotional regimes in which material objects play an essential argumentative role. It analyzes the phenomenon by looking at two students of prehistory from nineteenth-century Belgium.In the study of human prehistory and evolution, material data are either fairly abundant stone tools or very scarce fossil bones. These two types of material data stand for two different strategies in material rhetoric. In this article, the first strategy is exemplified by Aimé Rutot, who gathered great masses of eoliths (crudely chipped stones which he believed to be prehistoric tools). The second strategy is typified by the example of Julien Fraipont, who based his scientific career on only two Neanderthal skeletons. Rutot sent his “artifacts” to a very wide audience, while Fraipont showed his skeletons to only a few selected scholars. Unlike Rutot, however, Fraipont was able to monitor his audience's interpretation of the finds by means of personal contacts. What an archaeologist gains in reach, he or she apparently loses in control. In this article we argue that only those scholars who find the right balance between the extremes of reach and control will prove to be successful.

scholarly journals Expression of early growth responsive gene-1 in the visual cortex of monocular form deprivation amblyopic kittens

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haobo Fan ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiuping Tang ◽  
Liyuan Yang ◽  
Weiqi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deprivation Group ◽  
Mean Optical Density ◽  
Responsive Gene ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose The present study compared the expression of early growth responsive gene-1 (Egr-1) in visual cortex between amblyopia kittens and normal kittens, and to explore the role of Egr-1 in the pathogenesis of amblyopia. Methods A total of 20 healthy kittens were randomly divided into deprivation group and control group with 10 kittens in each group. Raised in natural light, and covered the right eye of the deprived kittens with a black opaque covering cloth. Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) were measured before and at the 1st, 3rd and 5th week after covering in all kittens. After the last PVEP test, all kittens were killed. The expression of Egr-1 in the visual cortex of the two groups was compared by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results PVEP detection showed that at the age of 6 and 8 weeks, the P100 wave latency in the right eye of deprivation group was higher than that in the left eye of deprivation group (P < 0.05) and the right eye of control group (P < 0.05), while the amplitude decreased (P < 0.05). The number of positive cells (P < 0.05) and mean optical density (P < 0.05) of Egr-1 protein expression in visual cortex of 8-week-old deprivation group were lower than those of normal group, as well as the number (P < 0.05) and mean optical density of Egr-1 mRNA-positive cells (P < 0.05). Conclusions Monocular form deprivation amblyopia can lead to the decrease of Egr-1 protein and mRNA expression in visual cortex, and then promote the occurrence and development of amblyopia.

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