scholarly journals Powerful City Networks: More than Connections, Less than Domination and Control

Urban Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2895-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Allen
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Switching Point ◽  
International Division ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Right ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Powerful cities are often distinguished from others by the concentration and mix of resources at their disposal. The right mix, the right people and skills, along with the ability to do something with them marks off the more powerful from the less powerful cities. In that respect, far reaching influence and control are the hallmarks of a powerful city. Often implicit in this view, however, is an understanding of power as something which a city possesses, a capacity for domination and control embedded in the city itself which gives it a ranking above others. This paper sets out an alternative way of thinking about how power ‘works’ for cities that is not based upon hierarchical domination or a zero sum game. The first part outlines a view of power as a means to an end, a medium that enables cities to hold networks together and bridge connections. Following that, the ‘power to’ run the networks, to exercise power with rather than over others, is illustrated through the example of the international division of labour that holds between the London and Frankfurt financial centres. In particular, the key role of intermediate elites as brokers is highlighted. This analysis is developed further in the final section by taking the example of Sydney as a powerful ‘switching point’, but one where intermediaries broker and bridge global networks to gain advantage — not through practices of domination and control, but more subtle modes of power such as manipulation and inducement, which operate at the expense of others. In so doing, the ‘power to’ make things happen folds over into power over others.

Refraction and refraction: Analytical study of the role of social work in the growing performance of security forces to confront the threat of ISIS terrorism: quantitative and qualitative indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 47-92
Keyword(s):  
Current Situation ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Some major crises, such as wars, may redraw the features of society with all its groups, ideologies and policies it adopts. In these few pages, we try to discuss objectively, not mixed with bias, some of the bright aspects in the city of Mosul after its liberation from the clutches of infidelity and extremism, starting from a scientific reference that distinguishes what was the situation in the city of Mosul during the days of ISIS terrorist gangs He explained the current situation after its liberation, assuming that the current situation is witnessing a kind of gradual improvement despite the state of anxiety experienced by the residents of Mosul, which may turn into a state of protest and revolution with a negative content if they are not compensated and return their societal status to what it was, if conditions and opportunities are not available For a new societal renaissance based on all partners in restoring stability to the city. This study, despite its simplicity, adheres to a scientific and methodological character, to determine some geographical, historical, and cultural dimensions characteristic of the city of Mosul in Iraq, and we referred to some hotbeds of tension and conflict, in addition to the factors of calm, dialogue and cooperation, up to the desired state of stability in which we were keen to clarify the role Social service as a scientific field specialized in achieving a state of security and stability in the local communities of post-conflict areas liberated from ISIS terrorism. The sensitivity of the topic, the severity of its complexity and the variability of the references of his analysis, may make the researcher confronting his study feel embarrassed, and therefore it is useful not to expose the causes of the fall of the city of Mosul to the hands of ISIS terrorist groups Notice that as we search in the present we do not dispense with history, and as we stress the importance of security and stability, we do not have the right to neglect the national sacrifices of the men of the security forces and the popular crowd, recalling the fact that these sacrifices are not a temporary, contingent structure, or a fabricated formation that can be easily overcome. A national historical position, with whom Holiness is a measure of faith, but at the same time and in response to those sacrifices and efforts to liberate the city of Mosul and eliminate the so-called terrorist ISIS, as much as it contains the tenacity and persistence of liberation, there is a measure of the possibility of dissociation, dissipation and loss. The matter depends on many factors, foremost among which is the availability of a collective sense of belonging to a national and spatial space, with all its history, memory, experiences, and common interests, a place called: a homeland, a national status called: loyalty and belonging, and a governmental action called: ages and concern. Keywords: Refraction and refraction

The Right to Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 231-264
Author(s):  
Sandra Fredman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Is health a human right? Many would maintain that it is not. On this view health and ill-health are due to natural causes, not to State actions. Others are concerned that health raises too many polycentric problems to be dealt with through justiciable human rights. These contestations have shaped the way in which the right to health is understood. Section II sketches out the health context. Section III considers jurisdictions in which there is no express right to health, but a right has been derived from rights to life, personal integrity, or privacy. Section IV contrasts this approach with jurisdictions with an express right to health. Section V examines the role of the right to equality, while section VI focuses on reproductive health. The final section returns to the challenges of polycentricity and the extent to which a justiciable right can address systemic issues rather than individual rights to medication.

Hip Joint Control of PGO for Paraplegics

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jae Kang ◽  
Jei Cheong Ryu ◽  
Gyoo Suk Kim ◽  
Mu Seong Mun
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Joint Control ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Air Muscle ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flexion And Extension

In this study, we developed a fuzzy-logic-controlled PGO (Power Gait Othosis) that controls the flexion and extension of each PGO joint using bio-signals and an FSR sensor. The PGO driving system works to couple the right and left sides of the orthosis by specially-designed hip joints and pelvic section. This driving system consists of the orthosis, sensor, and control system. An air supply system for muscle action is composed of an air compressor, 2-way solenoid valve (MAC, USA), accumulator and pressure sensor. The role of this system is to provide constant “air muscle” with compressed air at the hip joint. With the output signal of the EMG and foot sensors, air muscles assist the flexion of the hip joint during the PGO gait.

scholarly journals Hidden geographies of social justice in an urban environment: the particularities of naturally-occurring arts districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter KUMER ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Right To The City ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Arts Districts ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Despite extensive research on the role arts districts play in the economic development of cities, little is known about the dynamics of social interactions within those districts and their impact on society. Drawing on 26 interviews with actors and stakeholders of arts districts in Ljubljana, this paper explores the role of arts districts in creating a just city. Four dimensions of such districts, which represent the meaningful themes that emerged from the data, are examined. The first dimension is the interrelationship of artists, cultural workers and activists. The second dimension encompasses mutual support and forms of self-governance, whereas the third dimension investigates the role arts districts play in the neighbourhood. The fourth dimension seeks to define the role of arts districts as part of urban development generally driven by capital. The results show that arts districts are important in the struggle for the right to the city. Actors from these districts are committed to addressing the causes of social inequality at their root via artist-led civic engagement activities.

scholarly journals The logic of the slave patrol: the fantasy of black predatory violence and the use of force by the police

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
City Government ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Murder Trial ◽  
The Right ◽  
Predatory Violence ◽  
The City

Abstract The background context for this study is the relationship between the right to bear arms and the role of policing in the United States. The fact that the second amendment guarantees the right to bear arms and the correlative right to form “a well-regulated militia” have long been central to the scholarly understanding of the role of guns in American society. Yet few social scientific studies have taken the friction between militias and the burgeoning police departments of the 1800s as a point of departure for present-day debates about the police’s use of force. For the early part of US history, many citizens feared that the police would attempt to supplant militias. In some southern cities, like New Orleans, residents argued that if the city government was going to let the police patrol the city, they should do so without guns. It was the threat of slave uprisings that ended the conflict between militias and the police. A major implication of this study is that rooting the contemporary understanding of police violence in early debates about the police’s use of force can help social scientists better understand how policing is understood and experienced today. Indeed, the African Americans interviewed for this study view the gun in the hands of a police officer as a technology that is rooted in the slave patrol. This is because it is the descendants of enslaved people who are disproportionately subject to police shootings. The article demonstrates this point by exploring a 2014 police shooting. The shooting of Laquan McDonald garnered national attention when, on October 20, 2014, Chicago police Officer, Jason Van Dyke, shot the 17-year-old Black teenager 16 times. The methods employed in this study include: archival data on the early use of force debate, discourse analysis of court testimony from Van Dyke’s 2018 first degree murder trial, and semi-structured interviews with Chicago residents who discuss this case. Ultimately, this study finds that in the McDonald shooting, the gun helps to reproduce the fantasy of Black predatory violence that is rooted in slavery.

scholarly journals Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Maria Rosina Manbait ◽  
Ferdinan Fankari ◽  
Apri Adiari Manu ◽  
Emma Krisyudhanti
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
General Description ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The Role of Parents in the Maintenance of Dental and Mouth Health. Dental health education must be introduced as early as possible to children so they can know how to maintain oral and dental health properly. The active role of parents in the development of children is very necessary when they are still under preschool age. The active role of parents in question is to guide, provide understanding, remind, and provide facilities to children. Preschoolers cannot maintain their health properly and effectively, so parents must keep an eye on this procedure continuously. The purpose of this study was to determine the general description of the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health. This type of research is a descriptive study describing the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang kindergartens in maintaining oral health regarding the regulation of children's eating diets, how to brush their teeth properly, and control dental health. This research method is descriptive research. The results of this study indicate the role of parents in regulating dietary foods including moderate criteria, how to brush teeth properly including good criteria and control of oral health including good criteria. Overall, the role of parents of kindergarten children Rosa Mystica Liliba in maintaining oral health has good criteria. The conclusion of this study is the role of parents of Rosa Mystica Liliba Kindergarten children in maintaining oral health is good but the right action has not been implemented so that the average dental caries of children is still high namely 4 carious teeth. Abstrak: Peran Orang Tua dalam Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut. Pendidikan kesehatan gigi harus diperkenalkan sedini mungkin kepada anak agar mereka dapat mengetahui cara memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara baik dan benar. Peran aktif orang tua terhadap perkembangan anak sangat diperlukan pada saat mereka masih berada dibawah usia prasekolah.  Peran aktif orang tua yang dimaksud adalah membimbing, memberikan pengertian, mengingatkan, dan menyediakan fasilitas kepada anak. Anak usia prasekolah tidak dapat menjaga kesehatan nya secara benar dan efektif maka orang tua harus mengawasi prosedur ini secara terus-menerus. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui gambaran umum peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Jenis Penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif yang menggambarkan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba Kupang dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mengenai pengaturan diet makan anak, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar dan kontrol kesehatan gigi. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan peran orang tua dalam pengaturan diet makanan termasuk kriteria sedang, cara menyikat gigi yang baik dan benar termasuk kriteria baik dan kontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulut termasuk kriteria baik. Secara keseluruhan peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut mendapat kriteria baik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peran orang tua anak TK Rosa Mystica Liliba dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sudah baik namun tindakan yang tepat belum terlaksana sehingga rata-rata karies gigi anak masih tinggi yakni 4 gigi berkaries. 

Hearing asymmetry and auditory acuity in the Australian bushcricket Requena verticalis (Listroscelidinae; Tettigoniidae;Orthoptera)

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (18) ◽  
pp. 2935-2942
Author(s):  
Winston J. Bailey ◽  
Suanne Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Sound Localisation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
Auditory Acuity ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Auditory Asymmetry ◽  
Hearing System

SUMMARY Fluctuating asymmetry in bilaterally placed sensory structures of insects may be considered maladaptive; natural selection should favour a symmetrical system. Among bushcrickets or katydids, threshold hearing sensitivity is, in part, dependent on the size of the auditory spiracle in the prothorax. We tested the degree of natural asymmetry in the hearing system of the ensiferan orthopteran Requena verticalis by measuring the size of the auditory spiracle of females. Naturally occurring asymmetry approached 8%, which translates to a hearing bias at a threshold of only 0.8 dB. Auditory asymmetry of females was experimentally exaggerated by packing cotton wool into either the right or left auditory spiracle. We made neurophysiological recordings from the ascending auditory T-fibre in the neck connective and found that the left—right bias created by this operation approximated 5 dB; this is greater than that found in nature. For these experiments, sound was delivered to the operated side of the insect from a speaker placed at either 90° or 30° to the long-body axis. To test the influence of this induced auditory bias, free-moving females were allowed to orient towards a speaker emitting male calls at near-natural call intensities of 51 and 82 dB (SPL), 80 cm from the speaker on a flat arena. There was no variation in angle or vector between experimental and control insects, and there was no difference in acuity between intensity. We discuss the relevance of threshold measurements of bushcricket hearing systems in regard to sound localisation and, from these experiments question any role of asymmetry.

Third Party Legal Protection Against Investors Does Not Release the Building Rights After Termination of Contracts for Business Sites

Authentica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Rexon Manihuruk
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
City Government ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Legal Protection for Third Parties (Occupants: Tenants) Facing Investors who do not relinquish Building Rights After the Termination of Contract Agreement for Morning Market Business Sites in Tegal City is needed. This paper uses a normative juridical research method. The main data sources of this study come from the results of decisions and documents relating to the problems faced by traders, especially those who received complaints and were sued by Investors, including decisions between the city government and investors. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the role of the city of Tegal to protect traders is very important as a form of legal protection for the actions of investors against the occupants of the morning market stalls block B and C morning market in Tegal City. The Tegal City Government as having legal rights and relations (compensation/ peace agreement) after terminating the contract for the place of business with the Investor to collect the obligation of the Investor to give up his rights in a preventive and repressive manner (making a claim) to the investor to carry out its obligations as agreed surrender (release) the right to use the building.Keywords: Legal Protection; Business Place Contracts; Building Use Rights 

scholarly journals Transnational gentrification, tourism and the formation of ‘foreign only’ enclaves in Barcelona

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (15) ◽  
pp. 3025-3043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin Cocola-Gant ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Gay
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Transnational Mobility ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Transnational Migrants ◽  
Neighbourhood Change ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

In a context of global-scale inequalities and increased middle-class transnational mobility, this paper explores how the arrival of Western European and North American migrants in Barcelona drives a process of gentrification that coexists and overlaps with the development of tourism in the city. Research has focused increasingly on the role of visitors and Airbnb in driving gentrification. However, our aim is to add another layer to the complexity of neighbourhood change in tourist cities by considering the role of migrants from advanced economies as gentrifiers in these neighbourhoods. We combined socio-demographic analysis with in-depth interviews and, from this, we found that: (1) lifestyle opportunities, rather than work, explain why transnational migrants are attracted to Barcelona, resulting in privileged consumers of housing that then displace long-term residents; (2) migrants have become spatially concentrated in tourist enclaves and interact predominantly with other transnational mobile populations; (3) the result is that centrally located neighbourhoods are appropriated by foreigners – both visitors and migrants – who are better positioned in the unequal division of labour, causing locals to feel increasingly excluded from the place. We illustrate that tourism and transnational gentrification spatially coexist and, accordingly, we provide an analysis that integrates both processes to understand how neighbourhood change occurs in areas impacted by tourism. By doing so, the paper offers a fresh reading of how gentrification takes place in a Southern European destination and, furthermore, it provides new insights into the conceptualisation of tourism and lifestyle migration as drivers of gentrification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document