Mechanical Properties on Nanoindentation Measurements of Osteonic Lamellae in a Human Cortical Bone

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 2248-2252
Author(s):  
W.K. Joo ◽  
B.I. Kim ◽  
Sung In Bae ◽  
Chae Sil Kim ◽  
Jung I. Song
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Human Cortical Bone ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Structural Levels

The mechanical properties of bone have been found varying at different structural levels. The different mechanical properties might indicate some important information, such as the ultrastructure of various bone tissue. Descriptions of the structural features of bone are intensive in current studies. However, the mechanical properties of bone, in particular those at the micro-and nanostructural level (material level) remain poorly understood. To probe the mechanical properties at the microstuctural level, the nanoindentation technique is applied. Nanoindentation as a promising technique is widely used in the materials science community for probing the mechanical properties of thin films, small volumes, and small microstructural features. Nanoindentation has been shown to be an effective method to probe the mechanical properties of microstructures at the micron scale.

scholarly journals Characterization of the effects of x-ray irradiation on the hierarchical structure and mechanical properties of human cortical bone

Biomaterials ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (34) ◽  
pp. 8892-8904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly D. Barth ◽  
Elizabeth A. Zimmermann ◽  
Eric Schaible ◽  
Simon Y. Tang ◽  
Tamara Alliston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Cortical Bone ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure

scholarly journals A Logarithmic Formulation for Anisotropic Behavior Characterization of Bovine Cortical Bone Tissue in Long Bones Undergoing Uniaxial Compression at Different Speeds

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5045
Author(s):  
Abdallah Shokry ◽  
Hasan Mulki ◽  
Ghais Kharmanda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Failure Stress ◽  
Prosthesis Design ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Anisotropic Behavior ◽  
Tangential Directions

The mechanical properties of bone tissues change significantly within the bone body, since it is considered as a heterogeneous material. The characterization of bone mechanical properties is necessary for many studies, such as in prosthesis design. An experimental uniaxial compression study is carried out in this work on bovine cortical bone tissue in long bones (femur and tibia) at several speeds to characterize its anisotropic behavior. Several samples from different regions are taken, and the result selection is carried out considering the worst situations and failure modes. When considering different displacement rates (from 0.5 to 5 mm/min), three findings are reported: The first finding is that the behavior of bone tissues in radial and tangential directions are almost similar, which allows us to consider the transversal isotropic behavior under static loads as well as under dynamic loads. The second finding is that the failure stress values of the longitudinal direction is much higher than those of the radial and tangential directions at low displacement rates, while there is no big difference at the high displacement rates. The third finding is a new mathematical model that relates the dynamic failure stress with the static one, considering the displacement rates. This model is validated by experimental results. The model can be effectively used in reliability and optimization analysis in prosthesis design, such as hip prosthesis.

scholarly journals Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Mechanical Anisotropy in Canine Bone Tissues of Various Ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Changqi Luo ◽  
Junyi Liao ◽  
Zhenglin Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Mechanical Anisotropy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

The effect of age on mechanical behavior and microstructure anisotropy of bone is often ignored by researchers engaged in the study of biomechanics. The objective of our study was to determine the variations in mechanical properties of canine femoral cortical bone with age and the mechanical anisotropy between the longitudinal and transverse directions. Twelve beagles divided into three age groups (6, 12, and 36 months) were sacrificed and all femurs were extracted. The longitudinal and transverse samples of cortical bone were harvested from three regions of diaphysis (proximal, central, and distal). A nanoindentation technique was used for simultaneously measuring force and displacement of a diamond tip pressed 2000nm into the hydrated bone tissue. An elastic modulus was calculated from the unloading curve with an assumed Poisson ratio of 0.3, while hardness was defined as the maximal force divided by the corresponding contact area. The mechanical properties of cortical bone were determined from 852 indents on two orthogonal cross-sectional surfaces. Mean elastic modulus ranged from 7.56±0.32 GPa up to 21.56±2.35 GPa, while mean hardness ranged from 0.28±0.057 GPa up to 0.84±0.072 GPa. Mechanical properties of canine femoral cortical bone tended to increase with age, but the magnitudes of these increase for each region might be different. The longitudinal mechanical properties were significantly higher than that of transverse direction (P<0.01). A significant anisotropy was found in the mechanical properties while there was no significant correlation between the two orthogonal directions in each age group (r2<0.3). Beyond that, the longitudinal mechanical properties of the distal region in each age group were lower than the proximal and central regions. Hence, mechanical properties in nanostructure of bone tissue must differ mainly among age, sample direction, anatomical sites, and individuals. These results may help a number of researchers develop more accurate constitutive micromechanics models of bone tissue in future studies.

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