Research on the Preparation of Antimony Nanoparticles by Mechanical Ball Milling

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Lin Xu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Sheng Gang Zhou ◽  
Chong Feng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Dry Grinding ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mechanical Ball Milling

Taking antimony powder with 75μm of average particle size as raw material, the antimony nanoparticles were synthesized by mechanical ball milling. Crystalline structure, morphology and particle size of the antimony nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM and FT-IR. The effect of milling mediums and ball milling speed on results antimony nanoparticles were studied using dry grinding and wet grinding methods. The results show that the antimony nanoparticles can be prepared successfully by wet process of ball milling. When the ball milling speed is 150 r/min and the milling mediums is a composites of distilled water and OP-10, the best antimony nanoparticles were prepared, which is high dispersibility and the average particle size is 10 nm.

Fe3O4 Magnetic Preparation by Bauxite Ore Washing Fine Mud

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 961-965
Author(s):  
Jian Qiang Xiao ◽  
Guo Wei He ◽  
Yan Jin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

Bauxite waste sludge as a raw material, the use of reverse chemical coprecipitation synthesize Fe3O4. Researching temperature, precipitation concentration, aging time and Fe2+/Fe3+ molar ratio effect on the particle size, morphology. Optimal experimental conditions: temperature 70 °C, the precipitant NaOH mass ratio of 10%, aging time 3h, Fe2+/Fe3+ molar ratio of 2:3. Test methods using a laser particle size analyzer, XRD analysis of the products were characterized, the product is Fe3O4, the average particle size of 0.11mm.

Synthesis of Dispersed Y2O3 Nanopowder from Yttrium Stearate

2013 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Sheng Li ◽  
Xu Dong Sun ◽  
Shao Hong Liu ◽  
Di Huo ◽  
Xiao Dong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
Yttrium Nitrate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Yttrium Nitrate Hexahydrate

Fine yttrium stearate powder was produced at a relatively low temperature using yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, ammonia and stearic acid as the raw materials. Dispersed Y2O3 nanopowder was synthesized by calcining the yttrium stearate. The formation mechanism of the precursor and the Y2O3 nanopowder was studied by means of XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR, BET, FE-SEM and HR-TEM. Pure and dispersed Y2O3 nanopowder with an average particle size of 30 nm was produced by calcining the precursor at 600 °C. The particle size increases to about 60 nm with the increase of the calcination temperature to 1000 °C. In the preparation of Y2O3 from yttrium stearate, no water medium is involved, thus capillarity force and bridging of adjacent particles by hydrogen bonds can be avoided, resulting in good dispersion of the particles. The dispersed Y2O3 nanopowder prepared in this work has potential application in phosphors and transparent ceramic materials.

Preparation and Characterization of Macromeritic Tungsten Powder Reduced by Ammonium Paratungstate at Medium Temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2584-2587
Author(s):  
Rui Xin Wang ◽  
Zhi Meng Guo ◽  
Jun Jie Hao ◽  
Ji Luo ◽  
Yan Jun Xin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrogen Reduction ◽  
Tungsten Powder ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Ammonium Paratungstate ◽  
Ammonium Tungstate

The macromeritic tungsten powder was prepared by wet hydrogen reduction at medium temperature; the coarse powder of Ammonium paratungstate powder (APT) was used as raw material. It is obtained by evaporating and crystallizating adding alkalia metal salts in the solution of ammonium tungstate. The microstructure, phase composition and particle size of the macromeritic tungsten powder were investigated by SEM, XRD and test analysis sieves. The effects of kinds, contents of alkali metal salts and the temperature in the reduction were studied. The results revealed that ideal tungsten powder, with the good fluditity, spherical, integrate and well-distributed, could be obtained. The raw material is the solution of ammonium tungstate adding NaCl, Li2CO3 and KCl , the concentration of them are all 3g/L, and it is under the condition of 1000°C,180min in wet hydrogen atmosphere. The average particle size is 67μm, the maximum is 150μm, the biggest loose density is 13.41g/cm3, and the best powder flowability is 9s/50g.

Preparation of Dispersed Y2O3-MgO Nanopowder from Stearate

2018 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Hua Dong Wang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Sun ◽  
Xiao Bo Yang ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Heng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Ft Ir

Dispersed Y2O3-MgO nanopowder was synthesized by calcining the stearate. XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR, BET and FE-SEM were employed to analyze The formation mechanism of the precursor and the Y2O3-MgO nanopowder. Pure and dispersed Y2O3-MgO nanopowder with an average particle size of 40 nm was produced by calcining the precursor at 600 °C. The particle size increases to about 70 nm with the increase of the calcination temperature to 700 °C. In the preparation of Y2O3-MgO from stearate, no water medium is involved, thus capillarity force and bridging of adjacent particles by hydrogen bonds can be avoided, resulting in good dispersion of the particles. The dispersed Y2O3-MgO nanopowder prepared in this work has potential application in infrared transparent ceramic materials.

THE MANUFACTURING OF NIOBIUM POWDER BY HUNTER PROCESS

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
JAE-SIK YOON
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Metallothermic Reduction ◽  
Niobium Powder ◽  
Yield Rate

Niobium powder was fabricated by metallothermic reduction process using K2NbF7 as the raw material, KCl and KF as the diluents and Na as the reducing agent. The apparatus for the experiment was designed and built specifically for the present study. Varying properties of niobium powder depending on reaction temperature and excess of reducing agent were analyzed. The niobium particle size increased significantly as the reduction temperature increased from 993 to 1093 K. The particle size was fairly uniform at a given reaction temperature, varying from 0.2 μ m to 50 nm depending on the reaction temperature. The yield of niobium powder increased from 58 to 83% with an increase in reaction temperature. The average particle size of niobium powder was improved from 70 nm to 0.2 μ m with the increase in the amount of Na excess. In addition, the yield rate of Nb powder was 82% in the 5% excess sodium.

scholarly journals Phase Transformation and Morphology Evolution of Ti50Cu25Ni20Sn5 during Mechanical Milling

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Janovszky ◽  
Ferenc Kristaly ◽  
Tamas Miko ◽  
Adam Racz ◽  
Maria Sveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Amorphous Powder ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Amorphous Content

Nanocrystalline/amorphous powder was produced by ball milling of Ti50Cu25Ni20Sn5 (at.%) master alloy. Both laser diffraction particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to monitor the changes in the particle size as well as in the shape of particles as a function of milling time. During ball milling, the average particle size decreased with milling time from >320 µm to ~38 µm after 180 min of milling. The deformation-induced hardening and phase transformation caused the hardness value to increase from 506 to 779 HV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to observe the changes in the phases/amorphous content as a function of milling time. The amount of amorphous fraction increased continuously until 120 min milling (36 wt % amorphous content). The interval of crystallite size was between 1 and 10 nm after 180 min of milling with 25 wt % amorphous fractions. Cubic Cu(Ni,Cu)Ti2 structure was transformed into the orthorhombic structure owing to the shear/stress, dislocations, and Cu substitution during the milling process.

scholarly journals Effect of Grinding Methods on Structural, Physicochemical, and Functional Properties of Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Orange Peel

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlong Liu ◽  
Lufeng Wang ◽  
Fengxia Liu ◽  
Siyi Pan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Physicochemical And Functional Properties

This study evaluated the effect of grinding methods (regular laboratory milling, ultra centrifugal rotor milling, and ball milling) on structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) fraction from orange peel. The results demonstrated that both ultra centrifugal milling and ball milling could effectively decrease average particle size of IDF fraction (81.40 μm and 19.63 μm, resp.). The matrix structure of IDF fraction was destroyed but FTIR structure had no major change after grinding. As particle size decreased, the bulk density and lightness of IDF fraction increased and a redistribution of fiber components from insoluble to soluble fractions was observed. Furthermore, ball milled IDF fraction exhibited significantly higher capacity to retard glucose diffusion and inhibitα-amylase activity (35.09%). This work would give useful insight into effect of grinding methods on properties and functions of orange peel IDF in food industry.

Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Cationic Polyurethanes/Polypyrrole Conductive Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 538 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Hai Hua Wang ◽  
Jin Juan Hu ◽  
Yi Ding Shen ◽  
Gui Qiang Fei ◽  
Juan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Ft Ir

A series of waterborne cationic polyurethanes dispersions (CWPU) was prepared through prepolymerization method by reacting polyethylene glycol (PEG1000) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with N-methyl diethanol amine (MDEA) as chain extender. Then FeCl3 was employed as oxidant, therefore CWPU/polypyrrole (CWPU/PPy) conductive composite was prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) in CWPU dispersions. Effects of molar ratio of FeCl3 to Py, Py concentration on the resistivity of the CWPU/PPy composite films were investigated. The structure, morphology and thermal stability were also characterized by Fourier infrared spectra (FT-IR), light scattering, TEM, and TGA. FT-IR demonstrated the presence of hydrogen-bonding interactions between CWPU and PPy. The average particle size of CWPU/PPy increased from 10.61nm to 30.29nm compared with pure PU, and corresponding size distribution decreased from 0.850 to 0.346. It was also found that CWPU/PPy displayed as spherical morphology, and no aggregation among particles was detected among particles. TGA certified CWPU/PPy was endowed with better thermal stability. In addition, conductivity stability of composites films was also studied. It was found that composite films not only displayed low resistivity but also improved conductivity stability.

Preparation and Characterization of Fluorinated Epoxy Resin Emulsion for Waterborne Coatings

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 4065-4068
Author(s):  
Wen Lu Guo ◽  
Hong Chun Zhou ◽  
Han Qing Lu ◽  
Wei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Waterborne Coatings ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Emulsion Particle ◽  
Different Content

Under the action of initiator(BPO), the α-methyl acrylic acid (α-MAA), butyl hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) and other monomers are graft copolymerized into epoxy molecular. By adding N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine, fluorine-containing water-based epoxy resin emulsion can be prepared. By orthogonal experiments, the amount of acrylic monomer, BPO dosage, grafting temperature and other optimum conditions can be determined. Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) characterization confirms acrylic monomers successfully grafted to the epoxy resin molecules. The study focuses on the effect of different content of HFMA on modified emulsion particle size and contact angle of coating. The results shows that the introduction of HFMA monomer made the smallest average particle size of emulsion low to 165 nm, and the contact angle against water is increased by 20°. After determining the conventional and environmental performance of the emulsion, the results shows that this preparation of epoxy resin emulsion can fully meet the requirements of waterborne coatings.

scholarly journals Effects of Flotation Deinking on Environmentally Friendly Offset Paper Printing Ink

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujie Yang ◽  
Jianbin Shen ◽  
Tiefei He ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Junming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Uv Led

Abstract Waste paper has become a promising raw material for the pulp and paper industry due to its low cost and because it is conducive to sustainable development. Unfortunately, waste paper contains a high volume of printed paper that is difficult to deink, which restricts its applications. Flotation deinking plays an essential role in the product quality and process cost of wastepaper recycling. This study was performed to evaluate the deinkability of environmentally friendly offset inks by flotation deinking. For this purpose, three series of four-color inks, namely, hybrid light emitting diode ultraviolet (LED‒UV), LED‒UV, and vegetable oil‒based inks, were printed on white lightweight coated papers under laboratory conditions. The deinking methodology involves repulping, deinking agent treatment, flotation, hand sheet making, and evaluation of the produced hand sheets. The obtained results indicated that the hybrid LED‒UV prints had the best deinkability. After flotation deinking, the deinking efficiency and the whiteness of the hybrid LED‒UV ink increased by 58.1% and 47.6%, respectively. LED‒UV ink had a 46.9% increase in the deinking efficiency and a 37.0% increase in the whiteness of the hand sheet. The deinking efficiency of the vegetable oil‒based ink was the lowest, at 42.1%, and the whiteness of the hand sheet increased only by 23.8%. The particle size distribution analysis demonstrated that the hybrid LED‒UV four-color ink exhibited a larger value of the average particle size than the two other. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the hybrid LED‒UV ink particles on the surface of the fibers were the least abundant after deinking. The physical strength properties of the hand sheets, including tensile index, folding resistance, and cohesion of the hybrid LED‒UV, LED‒UV inks, and vegetable oil‒based inks, increased.

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