Localized Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Joined by Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

2016 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline F.S. Bugarin ◽  
Fernanda Martins Queiroz ◽  
Maysa Terada ◽  
Hercílio G. De Melo ◽  
Isolda Costa
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys

2XXX and 7XXX high strength aluminum alloys are the most used materials for structural parts of aircrafts due to their high strength/weight ratio. Their joining procedure is an engineering challenge since they present low weldability. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a joining technology developed in the early 90 ́s. It is a solid-state welding process, without the use of fillers or gas shield, that eliminates conventional welding defects and has been considered of great interest for application in the aircraft industry. FSW of aluminum alloys results in four regions of different microstructures, specifically: the base material (BM), the heat affected zone (HAZ), the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and the nugget zone (NZ). The complex microstructure of the weld region leads to higher susceptibility to localized corrosion as compared to the BM even when similar alloys are joined. The welding of dissimilar alloys in its turn results in even more complex microstructures as materials with intrinsically different composition, microstructures and electrochemical properties are put in close contact. Despite the great interest in FSW, up to now, only few corrosion studies have been carried out for characterization of the corrosion resistance of dissimilar Al alloys welded by FSW. The aim of this study is to investigate the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 (AA2024-T3) welded to aluminum alloy 7475-T761 (AA7475-T761) by FSW. The evaluation was performed in 0.01 mol.L-1 by means of open circuit potential measurements, polarization techniques and surface observation after corrosion tests.

scholarly journals Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Patel ◽  
Wenya Li ◽  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
Feifan Wang ◽  
Achilles Vairis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Lightweight Structures ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys ◽  
And Performance

Friction stir welding (FSW) has enjoyed great success in joining aluminum alloys. As lightweight structures are designed in higher numbers, it is only natural that FSW is being explored to join dissimilar aluminum alloys. The use of different aluminum alloy combinations in applications offers the combined benefit of cost and performance in the same component. This review focuses on the application of FSW in dissimilar aluminum alloy combinations in order to disseminate research this topic. The review details published works on FSWed dissimilar aluminum alloys. The detailed summary of literature lists welding parameters for the different aluminum alloy combinations. Furthermore, auxiliary welding parameters such as positioning of the alloy, tool rotation speed, welding speed and tool geometry are discussed. Microstructural features together with joint mechanical properties, like hardness and tensile strength measurements, are presented. At the end, new directions for the joining of dissimilar aluminum alloy combinations should guide further research to extend as well as to improve the process, which is expected to raise further interest on the topic.

Effect of tool feed on mechanical properties of butt joints during friction welding with mixing of aluminum alloys

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
A.N. Feofanov ◽  
V.V. Ovchinnikov ◽  
A.M. Gubin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Structure Defects ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Time Parameters

Friction stir welding of butt joints of aluminum alloys is considered. It is experimentally determined, that when temperature and time parameters are violated, defects in the form of discontinuities are localized at the boundary of the weld and the base metal, due to incompatibility of deformations of the weld metal and the adjacent base material. Keywords friction welding with stirring, aluminum alloy, mode parameters, structure, defects, strength. [email protected]

scholarly journals Identifying Combination of Friction Stir Welding Parameters to Maximize Strength of Lap Joints of AA2014-T6 Aluminum Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rajendrana ◽  
K. Srinivasan ◽  
V. Balasubramanian ◽  
H. Balaji ◽  
P. Selvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir

AbstractAA2014 aluminum alloy (Al-Cu alloy) has been widely utilized in fabrication of lightweight structures like aircraft structures, demanding high strength to weight ratio and good corrosion resistance. The fusion welding of these alloys will lead to solidification problems such as hot cracking. Friction stir welding is a new solid state welding process, in which the material being welded does not melt and recast. Lot of research works have been carried out by many researchers to optimize process parameters and establish empirical relationships to predict tensile strength of friction stir welded butt joints of aluminum alloys. However, very few investigations have been carried out on friction stir welded lap joints of aluminum alloys. Hence, in this investigation, an attempt has been made to optimize friction stir lap welding (FSLW) parameters to attain maximum tensile strength using statistical tools such as design of experiment (DoE), analysis of variance (ANOVA), response graph and contour plots. By this method, it is found that maximum tensile shear fracture load of 12.76 kN can be achieved if a joint is made using tool rotational speed of 900 rpm, welding speed of 110 mm/min, tool shoulder diameter of 12 mm and tool tilt angle of 1.5°.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of Aluminum 6061-O Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation to Improve Corrosion Resistance Properties

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Dzhurinskiy ◽  
Stanislav S. Dautov ◽  
Petr G. Shornikov ◽  
Iskander Sh. Akhatov
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic ◽  
High Strength Aluminum Alloys

In the present investigation, the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process was employed to form aluminum oxide coating layers to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys. The formed protective coating layers were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by several electrochemical techniques, including open circuit potential (OCP), linear potentiodynamic polarization (LP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results were reported in comparison with the bare 6061-O aluminum alloy to determine the corrosion performance of the coated 6061-O alloy. The PEO-treated aluminum alloy showed substantially higher corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated substrate material. A relationship was found between the coating formation stage, process parameters and the thickness of the oxide-formed layers, which has a measurable influence on enhancing corrosion resistance properties. This study demonstrates promising results of utilizing PEO process to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys and could be recommended as a method used in industrial applications.

Microstructural Characterization and Temperature Analysis in Friction Stir Welding of A383/5052 Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Kokubo ◽  
Shinichi Kazui ◽  
Takao Kaneuchi ◽  
Yoshimasa Takayama ◽  
Hajime Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Joint Line ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Temperature Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys

Microstructural characterization and temperature analysis have been performed in friction stir welding (FSW) of A383 and 5052 dissimilar aluminum alloys. Marked difference in microstructure was observed between joints with different arrangements of materials. The temperature at four points on each side of the joint line was measured during FSW in various conditions. In addition, an analytical model assumed that the work generated by the rotation of the tool led to the work for stirring materials and heat generation of the material and the tool. The temperature of the retreating side (RS) for the joint of the advancing side (AS):A383/RS:5052 was about 50K higher than that of AS, while the temperatures of AS and RS for the joint of AS:5052/RS:A383 were almost the same. The experimental temperature could be calculated reasonably by using the model with assumption of the work for stirring the material.

Microhardness and Microstructural Studies on Underwater Friction Stir Welding of 5052 Aluminum Alloy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasa Rao Pedapati ◽  
Dhanis Paramaguru ◽  
Mokhtar Awang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Underwater Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Void Area ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Microstructural Studies

As compared to normal Friction Stir Welding (FSW) joints, the Underwater Friction Stir Welding (UFSW) has been reported to be obtainable in consideration of enhancement in mechanical properties. A 5052-Aluminum Alloy welded joints using UFSW method with plate thickness of 6 mm were investigated, in turn to interpret the fundamental justification for enhancement in mechanical properties of material through UFSW. Differences in microstructural features and mechanical properties of the joints were examined and discussed in detail. The results indicate that underwater FSW has reported lower hardness value in the HAZ and higher hardness value in the intermediate of stir zone (SZ). The average hardness value of underwater FSW increases about 53% greater than its base material (BM), while 21% greater than the normal FSW. The maximum micro-hardness value was three times greater than its base material (BM), and the mechanical properties of underwater FSW joint is increased compared to the normal FSW joint. Besides, the evaluated void-area fraction division in the SZ of underwater FSW joint was reduced and about one-third of the base material (BM). The approximately estimated average size of the voids in SZ of underwater FSW also was reduced to as low as 0.00073 mm2, when compared to normal FSW and BM with approximately estimated average voids size of 0.0024 mm2 and 0.0039 mm2, simultaneously.

On the problem of tool destruction when obtaining fixed joints of thick-walled aluminum alloy blanks by friction welding with mixing

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Kirill Kalashnikov ◽  
◽  
Andrey Chumaevskii ◽  
Tatiana Kalashnikova ◽  
Aleksey Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Adhesive Interaction ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Shoulder ◽  
Electric Erosion

Introduction. Among the technologies for manufacturing rocket and aircraft bodies, marine vessels, and vehicles, currently, more and more attention is paid to the technology of friction stir welding (FSW). First of all, the use of this technology is necessary where it is required to produce fixed joints of high-strength aluminum alloys. In this case, special attention should be paid to welding thick-walled blanks, as fixed joints with a thickness of 30.0 mm or more are the target products in the rocket-space and aviation industries. At the same time, it is most prone to the formation of defects due to uneven heat distribution throughout the height of the blank. It can lead to a violation of the adhesive interaction between the weld metal and the tool and can even lead to a destruction of the welding tool. The purpose of this work is to reveal regularities of welding tool destruction depending on parameters of friction stir welding process of aluminum alloy AA5056 fixed joints with a thickness of 35.0 mm. Following research methods were used in the work: the obtaining of fixed joints was carried out by friction welding with mixing, the production of samples for research was carried out by electric erosion cutting, the study of samples was carried out using optical metallography methods. Results and discussion. As a result of performed studies, it is revealed that samples of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 35.0 mm have a heterogeneous structure through the height of weld. There are the tool shoulder effect zone and the pin effect zone, in which certain whirling of weld material caused by the presence of grooves on tool surface is distinctly distinguished. It is shown that the zone of shoulders effect is the most exposed to the formation of tunnel-type defects because of low loading force and high welding speeds. It is revealed that tool destruction occurs tangentially to the surface of the tool grooves due to the high tool load and high welding speeds.

Tribological characterization of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloy AA6061–AA5083 reinforced with CeO2 and La2O3 nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun M. ◽  
Muthukumaran M. ◽  
Balasubramanian S.
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Dissimilar Joints ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Characteristics

Purpose Dissimilar materials found applications in the structural fields to withstand the different types of loads and provide multi-facet properties to the final structure. Aluminum alloy materials are mostly used in aerospace and marine industries to provide better strength and safeguard the material from severe environmental conditions. The purpose of this study is to develop new material with superior strength to challenge the severe environmental conditions. Design/methodology/approach In the present investigation, friction stir welding (FSW) dissimilar joints were prepared from AA6061 and AA5083 aluminum alloys, and the weld nugget (WN) was reinforced with hard reinforcement particles such as La2O3 and CeO2. The tribological and mechanical properties of the prepared materials were tested to analyze the suitability of material in the aerospace and marine environmental conditions. Findings The results showed that the AA6061–AA5083/La2O3 material exhibited better mechanical and tribological characteristics. The FSW dissimilar AA6061–AA5083/La2O3 material exhibited lower wear rate of 7.37 × 10−3 mm3/m and minimum friction coefficient of 0.31 compared to all other materials owing to the reinforcing effect of La2O3 particles and the fine grains formed by FSW process at WN region. Further, FSW dissimilar AA6061–AA5083/La2O3 material displayed a maximum tensile strength and hardness of 378 MPa and 118 HV, respectively, among all the other materials tested. Originality/value This work is original and novel in the field of materials science engineering focusing on tribological characteristics of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloys by the reinforcing effect of hard particles such as La2O3 and CeO2.

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