Synthesis and X-Ray Analysis of Complex Ferrites

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhametkali Musagalievich Mataev ◽  
M.R. Abdraimova ◽  
S.M. Saxena ◽  
D.Zh. Nuketaeva ◽  
B.T. Zheksembieva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Complex Oxides ◽  
Mixed Complex ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crystal Lattice Parameters

Ferrite with mixed complex oxides BiNaFe2O5, BiKFe2O5 was synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction. The structure of the ferrites, type of syngony, parameters of the unit cells, radiographic and pycnometric densities were determined by X-ray phase analysis for a first time: BiNaFe2O5 – а=5,577, с=13,86 Å, γ=120º, Vun.cell. = 373,9 Å3, Z=4, ρrad.= 7,5262 г/см3, ρpicn.=7,5271 г/см3, BiKFe2O5 –а=5,545, с=13,65 Å, γ=120º, Vun.cell.= 363,45Å3, Z=6, ρrad.= 8,0367, ρpicn.=8,0375 г/см3. A comparative analysis of the relationship between crystal lattice parameters with parameters of the crystal lattice of initial oxides and complex ferrites has been performed. Research dependence of the magnetic moment of the complex ferrite BiNaFe2O5 of the applied magnetic field at a constant temperature T = 6.1405 K showed a paramagnetic shift in the structure.

scholarly journals Magnetically Oriented Powder Crystal to Indexing and Structure Determination

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1560-C1560
Author(s):  
Fumiko Kimura ◽  
Wataru Oshima ◽  
Hiroko Matsumoto ◽  
Hidehiro Uekusa ◽  
Kazuaki Aburaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Lattice Parameters

In pharmaceutical sciences, the crystal structure is of primary importance because it influences drug efficacy. Due to difficulties of growing a large single crystal suitable for the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, powder diffraction method is widely used. In powder method, two-dimensional diffraction information is projected onto one dimension, which impairs the accuracy of the resulting crystal structure. To overcome this problem, we recently proposed a novel method of fabricating a magnetically oriented microcrystal array (MOMA), a composite in which microcrystals are aligned three-dimensionally in a polymer matrix. The X-ray diffraction of the MOMA is equivalent to that of the corresponding large single crystal, enabling the determination of the crystal lattice parameters and crystal structure of the embedded microcrytals.[1-3] Because we make use of the diamagnetic anisotropy of crystal, those crystals that exhibit small magnetic anisotropy do not take sufficient three-dimensional alignment. However, even for these crystals that only align uniaxially, the determination of the crystal lattice parameters can be easily made compared with the determination by powder diffraction pattern. Once these parameters are determined, crystal structure can be determined by X-ray powder diffraction method. In this paper, we demonstrate possibility of the MOMA method to assist the structure analysis through X-ray powder and single crystal diffraction methods. We applied the MOMA method to various microcrystalline powders including L-alanine, 1,3,5-triphenyl benzene, and cellobiose. The obtained MOMAs exhibited well-resolved diffraction spots, and we succeeded in determination of the crystal lattice parameters and crystal structure analysis.

scholarly journals New Compounds RE(Zn,Al)8 and Yb4Zn20.3Al12.7 and their Crystal Structures

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol’ga Stel’makhovych ◽  
Yurij Kuz’ma
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Space ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The crystal structures of several new compounds have been determined using X-ray analysis. The intermetallic compound HoZn5Al3 (a = 8.586(3), c = 16.538(5) Å , RF = 0.0413, RW = 0.0521) has its own structure type (space group I4/mmm), which has been found for the first time. The following compounds are isostructural with the previous one: YZn5.52Al2.48 (a = 8.6183(1), c = 16.5048(3) Å , RI = 0.078, RP = 0.116), DyZn4.96Al3.04 (a = 8.5887(1), c = 16.5002(3) Å , RI = 0.077, RP = 0.114), ErZn5.37Al2.63 (a = 8.5525(2), c =16.3997(5) Å , RI = 0.081, RP = 0.111), TmZn5.64Al2.36 (a = 8.70429(8), c = 16.3943(4) Å , RI = 0.088, RP = 0.095), LuZn5.58Al2.42 (a = 8.5616(1), c= 16.3052(3) Å , RI =0.081, RP =0.101). The intermetallic compound Yb4Zn20.3Al12.7 (a = 8.6183(1), c = 16.5048(3) Å , RI = 0.085, RP = 0.112) adopts the Yb8Cu17Al49 - type structure (space group I4/mmm). The relationship between the HoZn5Al3-type and the Yb8Cu17Al49-type structures is discussed.

scholarly journals Chiral 1,2-Subnaphthalocyanines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soji Shimizu ◽  
Akito Miura ◽  
Tebello Nyokong ◽  
Samson Khene ◽  
Nagao Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Soret Band ◽  
Chiral Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Enantiomerically Pure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Following the first suggestion of inherent molecular chirality in asymmetrically substituted subphthalocyanines by Torres and co-workers in 2000, elucidation of the relationship between structure and chirality has become an important issue. However, separation of the enantiomers has been prevented by the low solubility of the molecules synthesized to date, and it has not been possible to link the CD signs and intensities to their absolute structures. Recently, we observed that 1,2-subnaphthalocyanines possess two diastereomers with respect to the arrangement of the naphthalene moieties and that these novel chiral molecules exhibit moderate solubility in common organic solvents. This has enabled us to separate all of the diastereomers and enantiomers. The two diastereomers have been completely characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra, together with theoretical calculation, reveal a small variation in the frontier molecular orbitals of the 1,2-subnaphthalocyanines compared with conventional subphthalocyanines, except for destabilization of the HOMO–3, which results in a characteristic absorption in the Soret band region. The chirality of 1,2-subnaphthalcyanines, including the CD signs and intensities, is discussed in detail for the first time with enantiomerically pure molecules whose absolute structures have been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.</p>

Strength of Metals in the Light of Modern Physics

1936 ◽  
Vol 40 (309) ◽  
pp. 586-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Gough ◽  
W. A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe strengths of the metals at present available to industry are of especial importance to the aeronautical engineer who is also in a position to appreciate the need for greatly improved materials, the absence of which often places restriction on much needed developments. Although the materials of the future may become available by the somewhat fortuitous development methods at present employed, it is undeniable that greatly accelerated developments would result if a correct understanding was obtained of the fundamental characteristics of the cohesion and fracture of metals, of which the former belongs to the field of the atomic physicist.It has been found possible, for the first time, to show that failure under static and fatigue stressing is associated with changes in the crystalline structure which are identical. These changes are (1) a dislocation of the initially perfect grains into large components which vary in orientation from that of the internal grain by amounts up to about 2°,(2) the formation of “crystallites,” approximately 10-4 to 10-5 cm. in size, whose orientation varies widely from that of the original grains, and (3) the presence of severe internal stresses in the crystallites. At fracture, whatever the type of applied stressing, the whole of the specimen behaves to the X-ray beam as a medium of crystallites showing marked lattice distortion and oriented completely at random. X-ray diffraction methods are shown to distinguish clearly between the effects of the application of safe and unsafe ranges of stress; the first method that has been successful in this respect.In order to show the relationship between the new work described and previous work dealing with the use of X-rays in studying the deformation characteristics of metals, a preliminary section of the paper deals with cold-rolling and drawing. A survey is also presented of the present position regarding strength and atomic structure, together with references to various theories regarding the imperfections of crystals as encountered in practice. An introductory section describes briefly the atomic structure of metals, as revealed by X-rays.

scholarly journals Public Relations and Advertising in the Context of E-Sports

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Tina Tomazic ◽  
Luka Druks ◽  
Noemia Bessa Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Gaming Industry ◽  
Recent Success ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

E-sports within the gaming industry characterize an economic sector that is engaged in the developing, marketing, and sale of video games. They represent many opportunities for advertising and public relations, which are very important to increase the visibility of e-sports. The use of both has proved far more effective, because it allowed a rapid increase in their popularity. The aim of this chapter is to compare the use of public relations and advertising in e-sports and to determine their appropriateness. So, the relationship between public relations, advertising, and e-sports is developed and researched for the first time here. The authors used qualitative comparative analysis between public relations and advertising in the context of e-sports based on Natus Vincere, one of the most important Ukrainian organizations in the gaming industry. The rise of the gaming industry and recent success of e-sports demonstrate the profitable economic potentials of gaming spectatorship.

scholarly journals Broadband spectral investigations of SGR J1550–5418 bursts

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S291) ◽  
pp. 444-446
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Ersin Göğüş
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Burst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Magnetic Field ◽  
First Time ◽  
Burst Emission

AbstractWe present the results of our broadband (0.5 − 200 keV) spectral analysis of 42 SGR J1550–5418 bursts simultaneously detected with the Swift/X-ray Telescope (XRT) and the Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), during the 2009 January active episode of the source. We find that, on average, the burst spectra are better described with two blackbody functions than with the Comptonized model. Thus, our joint XRT/GBM analysis clearly shows for the first time that the SGR J1550–5418 burst spectra might naturally be expected to exhibit a more truly thermalized character, such as a two-blackbody or even a multi-blackbody signal. We also studied the spin phase of the XRT burst emission, which indicate that the burst emitting sites on the neutron star need not to be co-located with hot spots emitting the bulk of the persistent X-ray emission and the surface magnetic field of SGR J1550–5418 is likely non-uniform over the emission zone.

scholarly journals Radio-continuum surveys with SKA and LOFAR: a first look at the perspectives for radio mini-halos

2018 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. A11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gitti ◽  
G. Brunetti ◽  
R. Cassano ◽  
S. Ettori
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Radio Continuum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Low Magnetic Field ◽  
First Time

Context. Diffuse synchrotron radio emission has been observed in a number of cool-core clusters on scales comparable to that of the cooling region. These radio sources are called “mini-halos”. In order to understand their origin, which is still unclear, joint radio and X-ray statistical studies of large cluster samples are necessary to investigate the radio mini-halo properties and their connection with the cluster thermodynamics. Aims. We here extend our previous explorative study and investigate the perspectives offered by surveys in the radio continuum with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), in particular examining the effect of the intracluster magnetic field in the mini-halo region for the first time. Methods. By considering the minimum flux detectable in radio surveys and exploiting the Pradio − LX correlation observed for known mini-halos, we estimate the detection limits achievable by future radio observational follow-up of X-ray cluster samples, such as HIFLUGCS and eROSITA. This allows us to estimate the maximum number of radio mini-halos that can potentially be discovered in future surveys as a function of redshift and magnetic field strength. Results. Under the optimistic assumption that all cool-core systems host a mini-halo and that the radio versus X-ray scaling relation extends to systems with lower X-ray luminosity, we show that future radio surveys with LOFAR and SKA1 (at ∼140 MHz and ∼1.4 GHz) have the potential to discover ∼1000–10 000 radio mini-halo candidates up to redshift z =  1. This shows that these surveys may be able to produce a breakthrough in the study of these sources. We further note that future SKA1 radio surveys at redshift z > 0.6 will allow us to distinguish between different magnetic fields in the mini-halo region, because higher magnetic fields are expected to produce more powerful mini-halos, thus implying a larger number of mini-halo candidates detected at high redshift. For example, the non-detection with SKA1 of mini-halos at z > 0.6 will suggest a low magnetic field (B < few μG). The synergy of these radio surveys with future X-ray observations and theoretical studies is essential in establishing the radio mini-halo physical nature.

scholarly journals Study of the relationship between magnetic field and dielectric properties in two ferromagnetic complexes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (76) ◽  
pp. 47913-47919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Tian-Cheng Pu ◽  
Ming Kong ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Relationship

Two heterometallic niccolite structure frameworks [NH2(CH3)2][CrIIIMII(HCOO)6] (M = Fe, Ni) were reported and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, dielectric and magnetic susceptibility measurement.

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