Surface Treatment of AISI M2 Tool Steel by Laser Melting

2018 ◽  
Vol 786 ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Newishy ◽  
Hamed Abdel-Aleem ◽  
M.R. Elkousy ◽  
Iman El-Mahallawi ◽  
A. El-Batahgy
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Scanning Velocity ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Melted Zone

Attempt was made to improve the surface hardness and wear properties of AISI M2 high speed tool steel. Laser surface melting (LSM) of tool steel was conducted with 2.2 KW Nd:YAG laser as heating source. Conventional hardening of the tool steel was applied. Characterizing the LSM, with optical and field emission scanning electron microscopy and surface hardness technique was used to evaluate the micro-hardness and mechanical behaviour of different regions of melting pool. AISI M2 tool steel is approximately HV 260, hardness after conventional treatment was 850 HV and the hardness after laser surface heat treatment is around 900 HV. It was found that there is a considerable influence of the laser power density and scanning velocity on the melted zone dimensions and the re-solidified structure. Increasing laser energy and reducing the laser scanning rate results in deeper and wider melt pool formation.

CRUCIBLE CPM REX 54 HS

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Red Hardness

Abstract Crucible CPM Rex 54 HS is a cobalt-bearing high speed tool steel that is produced by the proprietary Crucible Particle Metallurgy (CPM) process. It combines the wear properties of the popular high vanadium M4 grade with the red hardness of the cobalt-bearing M35/Crucible CPM Rex 45 HS grades. Crucible CPM Rex 54 HS may be used as an upgrade for improved red hardness over M3 or M4 without giving up the abrasion resistance, or as an upgrade for improved wear resistance over M35 or Crucible CPM Rex 45 HS without giving up the red hardness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as heat treating and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-818. Producer or source: Crucible Industries LLC.

scholarly journals The Influence of Laser Surface Remelting on the Microstructure of EN AC-48000 Cast Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
J. Piątkowski ◽  
A. Grabowski ◽  
M. Czerepak
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Beam Radius ◽  
Scanning Velocity ◽  
Automotive Engines ◽  
Laser Surface Remelting

Abstract Paper present a thermal analysis of laser heating and remelting of EN AC-48000 (EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg) cast alloy used mainly for casting pistons of internal combustion engines. Laser optics were arranged such that the impingement spot size on the material was a circular with beam radius rb changes from 7 to 1500 μm. The laser surface remelting was performed under argon flow. The resulting temperature distribution, cooling rate distribution, temperature gradients and the depth of remelting are related to the laser power density and scanning velocity. The formation of microstructure during solidification after laser surface remelting of tested alloy was explained. Laser treatment of alloy tests were perform by changing the three parameters: the power of the laser beam, radius and crystallization rate. The laser surface remelting needs the selection such selection of the parameters, which leads to a significant disintegration of the structure. This method is able to increase surface hardness, for example in layered castings used for pistons in automotive engines.

scholarly journals LASER SURFACE HARDENING OF AISI 1055 STEEL IN WATER SUBMERGED CONDITION

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950087
Author(s):  
NIROJ MAHARJAN ◽  
WEI ZHOU ◽  
YU ZHOU ◽  
NAIEN WU
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Laser Surface Hardening ◽  
Conventional Laser

Underwater laser hardening might produce better surface mechanical properties than conventional laser hardening in air due to additional cooling effect by water. However, it has not been studied in detail. This study investigates the effect of water layer on laser surface hardening of AISI 1055 steel. It is found that laser surface hardening is feasible with water layer up to 3[Formula: see text]mm above the steel surface. A higher surface hardness is achieved during underwater processing. This is attributed to fast cooling by water which facilitates complete martensitic transformation. Nevertheless, the hardened area is smaller than that in conventional laser hardening in air due to attenuation of laser energy. Above 3[Formula: see text]mm, the laser beam is severely attenuated due to formation of vapor plume. Furthermore, it is found that surface oxidation cannot be prevented completely even during underwater treatment, and the water movement results in random distribution of metal slag on the surface.

The effect of laser surface melting on the retained austenite and wear properties of AISI D2 tool steel

Optik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 168469
Author(s):  
Amir Moradiani ◽  
Zeinab Malekshahi Beiranvand ◽  
R.M. Chandima Ratnayake ◽  
Amir Aliabadi ◽  
Mehdi Rasoulinia
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Surface Melting ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Surface Melting ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Aisi D2 ◽  
Aisi D2 Tool Steel

Laser surface treatment of high-speed tool steel (AISI M2)

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Yilbas ◽  
F. Patel ◽  
C. Karatas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Surface Treatment ◽  
Steel Aisi

Laser Surface Modification of Various Tool Steels for Improving Hardness and Corrosion Resistance

2008 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 125-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.T. Kwok ◽  
F.T. Cheng ◽  
Hau Chung Man ◽  
K.I. Leong
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Laser Surface Modification ◽  
Polarization Technique

Laser surface modification of nine tool steels, namely, plastics mold steels (PMSs), high-speed steels (HSSs) and cold/hot-work steels (CHWSs), was achieved by means of a CW Nd:YAG laser. The microstructure and the phases present in the surface of the specimens were analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning-electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The surface hardness of the specimens was measured using a Vickers microhardness tester. The corrosion characteristics of the laser surface-melted steels in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at 25 oC were studied by potentiodynamic polarization technique. The microstructures of the surface of the steels were changed completely after laser surface melting. Some steels showed improved corrosion resistance compared with the conventionally hardened specimens due to dissolution of the alloying elements in solid solution. The hardness and corrosion characteristics of all the laser surface-melted specimens are strongly dependent on the amount of passivating elements in solid solution and also on the morphology of the re-precipitated carbides. Both these factors depend on the laser processing parameters and the substrate compositions.

scholarly journals Infrared Camera Analysis of Laser Hardening

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tesar ◽  
P. Vacikova ◽  
O. Soukup ◽  
S. Houdkova
Keyword(s):  
Laser Energy ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Heated Sample ◽  
Scanning Velocity

The improvement of surface properties such as laser hardening becomes very important in present manufacturing. Resulting laser hardening depth and surface hardness can be affected by changes in optical properties of material surface, that is, by absorptivity that gives the ratio between absorbed energy and incident laser energy. The surface changes on tested sample of steel block were made by engraving laser with different scanning velocity and repetition frequency. During the laser hardening the process was observed by infrared (IR) camera system that measures infrared radiation from the heated sample and depicts it in a form of temperature field. The images from the IR camera of the sample are shown, and maximal temperatures of all engraved areas are evaluated and compared. The surface hardness was measured, and the hardening depth was estimated from the measured hardness profile in the sample cross-section. The correlation between reached temperature, surface hardness, and hardening depth is shown. The highest and the lowest temperatures correspond to the lowest/highest hardness and the highest/lowest hardening depth.

Influence of Laser Surface Melting on Wear Resistance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 607-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Fang Chen ◽  
Xing Cheng Li ◽  
Ren Xing Li ◽  
Lai Di Shen
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Melting ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Surface Melting ◽  
Melted Zone ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Melted Layer

In the present study, an attempt has been made to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of magnesium alloy AZ91D by laser surface melting (LSM) with a 2kW continuous wave CO2 laser. The microstructure of the laser surface melted zone consists of fine dendrites with an average grain size of less than 10μm. Micro hardness of the melted zone was improved to 70-85HV as compared to 53HV of the substrate. The wear behavior of the laser surface melted layer was investigated using a ball-on-flat apparatus under dry sliding condition. Compared with the as-received AZ91D, the wear volume of the laser surface melted layer was decreased by 51%, the wear resistance of the laser surface melted layer was improved significantly.

11410 Friction and wear properties of diamond-like carbon film on high speed tool steel (SKH51)

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008.14 (0) ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Masahiro Kawaguchi ◽  
Saiko Aoki ◽  
Atsushi Mitsuo ◽  
Kazuo Morikawa ◽  
Satoshi Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon Film ◽  
Friction And Wear Properties

Experimental Investigation on 3D Laser Forming of Metal Sheet

2004 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Yang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
M. Djendel ◽  
L.T. Qi
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Laser Forming ◽  
Scanning Strategy ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Scanning Velocity ◽  
Scanning Strategies

In this article, the relations between the formed shapes and process parameters had been studied for 3D laser forming of sheet metals. The investigation was performed on Stainless 1Cr18Ni9Ti sheet using a Nd:YAG laser source. The scanning strategies were being investigated to potentially achieve a more uniform temporal and spatial distribution of the laser energy, possibly leading to reduced part distortion, by scanning the beam across the sheet surface with both continuous and segmented irradiation geometries. The experimental results revealed that the cross spider scanning strategy could form square and circle sheets into spherical domes. And the radial lines scanning strategy could form rectangle sheets into saddle shapes. It was also apparent from the experimental results that the height of the center of the formed sheet increased with the increasing of the laser power and scanning numbers. The height of the formed square sheet firstly decreased with the laser scanning velocity increasing and began to decrease at a certain processing parameters by cross spider strategy, in which the circle sheet was opposite with the square sheet, and in which the rectangle sheet decreased with speed increasing.

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