Effect of Metallurgical Waste Properties on Determining Suitable Recycling Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 297-305
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Omran ◽  
Timo Fabritius ◽  
Ahmed Abdelrahim
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Metallurgical Waste ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Blast Furnace Sludge ◽  
Secondary Raw Material ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Recycling of solid waste generated from metallurgical industries will avoid disposal of wastes, enhance the use of secondary raw material fines and save costs. Numerous hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes, or a combination of both, have been proposed for the utilization of metallurgical waste. Due to insufficient knowledge of the properties of these wastes, most of these attempts still have some technical difficulties. Investigation the properties of metallurgical waste is needed before choosing the suitable recycling process.The present work describes the chemical, morphological and mineralogical properties of blast furnace sludge (BFS) and basic oxygen furnace sludge (BOFS) produced in steel plants in Finland. The investigations indicated that BFS and BOFS show significant contents of iron and coke. The sludges also contain considerable concentrations of unwanted elements such as Zn. The authors propose that microwave dezincing followed by briquetting or pelletization represent a potential method for sludges recycling. Owing to high Fe and C content it can be utilized as self-reducing material.

scholarly journals OXYFINES Technique for Upgrading Zinc Containing Blast Furnace Sludge—Part 2: System Analysis

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Katarina Lundkvist ◽  
Sara Rosendahl ◽  
Fredrik Nyman ◽  
Kristofer Bölke ◽  
Lennart Gustavsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Blast Furnace Sludge

Integrating novel technology in production systems for the upgrading and further use of residual materials is a potential way of improving the resource efficiency. Assessing technology integration prospects, by performing system analysis, assists in the forecasting of effects and opportunities for different concepts. Based on pilot trials results, using Linde’s OXYFINES technique for upgrading zinc containing blast furnace sludge, a system analysis was performed on the prospects of integrating an OXYFINES concept in an iron and steel production route. The calculations were made based on one option for a full-scale OXYFINES concept for indicating the effects on the blast furnace zinc load, raw material consumption, energy use and carbon dioxide emissions from using the OXYFINES sinter product as a raw material in blast furnace ironmaking or in the basic oxygen furnace steelmaking. The summarised system analysis results showed that the most advantageous metallurgical, environmental, and economic potential was realised in the calculations of using the sinter in the basic oxygen furnace. However, the sinter was found as well suitable for use in the blast furnace when considering mainly the metallurgical and the economic effects.

Volatilization of elemental mercury from fresh blast furnace sludge mixed with basic oxygen furnace sludge under different temperatures

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1915-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Földi ◽  
Reiner Dohrmann ◽  
Tim Mansfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Blast Furnace Sludge ◽  
Mercury Volatilization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
First Time

Mercury volatilization from blast furnace sludge mixed with basic oxygen furnace sludge was shown for the first time.

scholarly journals A Holistic and Experimentally-Based View on Recycling of Off-Gas Dust within the Integrated Steel Plant

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Andersson ◽  
Amanda Gullberg ◽  
Adeline Kullerstedt ◽  
Erik Sandberg ◽  
Mats Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Steel Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Steel Plant ◽  
Study Process

Ore-based ironmaking generates a variety of residues, including slags and fines such as dust and sludges. Recycling of these residues within the integrated steel plant or in other applications is essential from a raw-material efficiency perspective. The main recycling route of off-gas dust is to the blast furnace (BF) via sinter, cold-bonded briquettes and tuyere injection. However, solely relying on the BF for recycling implicates that certain residues cannot be recycled in order to avoid build-up of unwanted elements, such as zinc. By introducing a holistic view on recycling where recycling via other process routes, such as the desulfurization (deS) station and the basic oxygen furnace (BOF), landfilling can be avoided. In the present study, process integration analyses were utilized to determine the most efficient recycling routes for off-gas dust that are currently not recycled within the integrated steel plants of Sweden. The feasibility of recycling was studied in experiments conducted in laboratory, pilot, and full-scale trials in the BF, deS station, and BOF. The process integration analyses suggested that recycling to the BF should be maximized before considering the deS station and BOF. The experiments indicated that the amount of residue that are not recycled could be minimized.

scholarly journals The Potential of Recycling the High-Zinc Fraction of Upgraded BF Sludge to the Desulfurization Plant and Basic Oxygen Furnace

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Andersson ◽  
Mats Andersson ◽  
Elsayed Mousa ◽  
Adeline Kullerstedt ◽  
Hesham Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Smelting Reduction ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Endothermic Reactions ◽  
Recycling Potential

In ore-based steelmaking, blast furnace (BF) dust is generally recycled to the BF via the sinter or cold-bonded briquettes and injection. In order to recycle the BF sludge to the BF, the sludge has to be upgraded, removing zinc. The literature reports cases of recycling the low-zinc fraction of upgraded BF sludge to the BF. However, research towards recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge within the ore-based steel plant is limited. In the present paper, the high-zinc fraction of tornado-treated BF sludge was incorporated in self-reducing cold-bonded briquettes and pellets. Each type of agglomerate was individually subjected to technical-scale smelting reduction experiments aiming to study the feasibility of recycling in-plant residues to the hot metal (HM) desulfurization (deS) plant. The endothermic reactions within the briquettes decreased the heating and reduction rate leaving the briquettes unreduced and unmelted. The pellets were completely reduced within eight minutes of contact with HM but still showed melt-in problems. Cold-bonded briquettes, without BF sludge, were charged in industrial-scale trials to study the recycling potential to the HM deS plant and basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The trials illustrated a potential for the complete recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge. However, further studies were identified to be required to verify these results.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Blast Furnace Operation with Scrap Charging

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Zhu Liu ◽  
Zi Yu ◽  
Xuefeng She ◽  
Huiqing Tang ◽  
Qingguo Xue
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Gas Utilization

One approach to reduce CO2 emission in the steelmaking industry is to recycle scrap to the blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) production system. This paper performed a numerical investigation on the BF operation with scrap charging. The investigated BF was with an inner volume of 820 m3, producing 2950 tons of hot metal per day (tHM/d). The simulated results indicated the following: Extra scrap addition in BF causes the decrease of shaft temperature, the decrease of local gas utilization, and the lowering of cohesive zone position, leading to an unstable BF running. The partial replacement of sinter with scrap in BF can mitigate the negative effects induced by scrap charging. The optimal scrap rate in the BF is 178 kg/tHM, under which the BF reaches a productivity of 3310 tHM/d, a top-gas utilization of 48.5%, and a top-gas temperature of 445 K. Compared to the base case, in the BF operation with scrap charging, the BF productivity is increased by 360 kg/tHM, its pulverized-coal rate and coke rate are decreased by 16.3 kg/tHM and 39.8 kg/tHM, respectively.

Characterization of BOF Dust for Pellets Production Used in Blast Furnace

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Pinto da Rocha ◽  
J.A. de Castro ◽  
G.M. Araujo ◽  
L. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Inductively Coupled

In order to minimize the incorrect disposal of dust generated in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) converter and to generate a new application for this solid residue, a simple characterization route was proposed. The powder residue is used to produce self-reducing pellets and can be used in the blast furnace process. The chemical analysis of the dust was carried out using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and some elements as Fe, Si, P, Al and Ca were detected in high amount, as the iron which achieved about 65% concentration. Moreover, the X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the iron was found in the phases, mainly, as magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3) while quartz (SiO2) and calcite (CaCO3) were the major impurities. The spectrometry dispersive energy (SDE) analysis confirmed the presence of such elements and the images obtained by SEM allowed visualizing the morphology of the particles. The average of particle size distribution of the dust was 0.053 mm which is suitable for self-agglomerates pellets.

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