Microstructural Prediction of Heat Treated Steel Forgings for Severe Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Ettore Anelli ◽  
M. Lucchesi ◽  
A. Chugaeva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Simple Shape ◽  
Finite Volume Model ◽  
Volume Model ◽  
Optimal Heat Treatment ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Heat Treated Steel

An in-house 2D finite volume model, specific for components of simple shape, was developed and applied to predict the thermal and microstructural evolution during heat treatment of steel forgings. The results of the thermal metallurgical modelling, including hardness profiles through the thickness, were compared with the experimental ones. Moreover, the 3D FEM software Deform-HT, able to calculate the thermal and microstructural evolution and the stress field during quenching, was specialized for the cases of interest. Examples of optimal heat treatment to develop the target microstructure and strength and reduce the risk of quenching cracks are discussed.

Study of Hydrogen Permeation in a Micro-Alloyed Heat Treated Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lopez-Perrusquia ◽  
Marco Antonio Doñu-Ruíz ◽  
J.A. Ortega-Herrera ◽  
G. Urriolagoitia-Calderón ◽  
Yahir Edgar Vargas-Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Point Test ◽  
Heat Treated Steel ◽  
Type Of Fracture

In this work, an experimental research was conducted to determine of effects hydrogen permeation a micro-alloyed heat treatment steel in order to determine the mechanical properties of the material in this work [1]. Small specimens were taken from the micro-alloyed API-X60 steel. Moreover, by the technique of the three-point test according to ASTM 399-90, the load-displacement curves for each heat treatment with and without hydrogen permeation are determined. Likewise the samples were then mechanically tested for hardness by the technique of nanoindentation to obtain the elastic modulus and hardness of the studied specimens [2]. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) determines the type of fracture; also EDS revealed the type of precipitate formed in the surface of the material [3]. The optical analysis showed the following microstructures; ferrite/pearlite, bainite/ferrite and martensite/retained-austenite [4]. Finally the experimental and statistical results showed effect of hydrogen permeation and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the micro-alloyed API X-60 grade pipeline steel.

scholarly journals Studies of the Properties and Microstructure of Heat Treated 0.27% C and 0.84% Mn Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3484-3487
Author(s):  
M. I. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mn Steel ◽  
Heat Treated Steel

In the present work, different heat treatments like hardening with different cooling rates followed by tempering at different temperatures have been performed. The material used in this study is carbon steel of 0.27% C and 0.84% Mn. Samples of as-rolled steel were subjected to different heat treatment processes. The steel was heated to the austenitizing temperature of 870°C for 2hrs followed by water quenching, oil quenching, air and furnace cooling. Water and oil quenched samples were subjected to tempering for one hour at temperatures of 250°C, 350°C, 450°C and 550°C. Tensile and impact tests were carried out for as rolled and heat-treated steel. Results show that the heat treated steel revealed an excellent combination of tensile strength and impact strength, which is suitable for structural applications. Optical metallographic investigation was carried out for all samples compared with the as rolled steel. The heat treatment revealed remarkable changes in steel morphology and mechanical properties.

Processing and characterization of high strength dual-phase steel by two-step intercritical heat treatment process

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Singh ◽  
Satnam Singh ◽  
Sanchit Mewar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Intercritical Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Treated Steel

A simple approach of two-step intercritical heat treatment has been employed to study the effect of heat treatment on the evolution of microstructures and their effect on the mechanical properties of alloy steel (AISI 1012). The selected steel samples were directly placed in the preheated furnace and were progressively heat treated in two steps, intercritically between the Ac1–Ac3 temperature range. Immediate water quenching (preheated at 30 ℃) was carried out after heat treatment cycles. The processed steels were characterized by examining the X-ray diffraction patterns, microstructures, Vickers microhardness, and tensile strength. The normalized X-ray diffraction results of heat-treated steels revealed the substantial growth in the martenistic phases. The microstructures of heat-treated steel revealed the formation of needle-shape-like structures, which corresponds to the martenistic phase. The increased formation of martenistic phase due to the intercritical heat treatment process improved the overall microhardness (from 188 ± 9 HV of the parent steel to 412 ± 32 HV for 800 ℃ heat-treated steel) up to 2.2 times. The presence of soft and ductile (ferritic and pearlite) phases simultaneously with tough and strong (martenistic) phase allowed the improvement in the ultimate tensile strength. In comparison to parent steel with tensile strength of 510 ± 15 MPa, the intercritical heat treatment steel at 800 ℃ revealed 169.6% higher tensile strength of 1375 ± 35 MPa. However, percentage elongation was reduced by 60%, i.e. from 13 ± 1% for parent steel to 5.2 ± 2% of intercritical heat treatment steel (processed at 800 ℃). An overall study revealed that by a proper intercritical heat treatment process, dual-phase steels with better structure–properties correlation can be obtained for industrial applications.

TATMO V

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Edge Toughness ◽  
Heat Treated Steel

Abstract TATMO-V is a high-speed tool steel with superior abrasion resistance because of its high contents of carbon and vanadium. It is an excellent choice for premium grade tools which require an outstanding balance of red hardness, edge toughness, and wear resistance. Increased tool life of Tatmo-V is noted in the machining of semi-hard, heat-treated steel pats (300-350 Brinell). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-434. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

Effects of Specimen Size and Notch Acuity on the Brittle Fracture Strength of a Heat-Treated Steel

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yukawa ◽  
J. G. McMullin
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Specimen Size ◽  
Root Radius ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Treated Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Heat Treated Steel

Effects of various methods of notch preparation on the notched slow bend fracture strengths of heat-treated alloy steel specimens were studied. The results indicate that several kinds of cracks result in about 35 per cent lower strength than a machined 0.005 in. root radius notch. The importance of testing sufficiently large size specimens to reveal this difference is shown.

The Stability of γ ’-Co3(Al,W) Phase in Co-Al-W Ternary System

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tsukamoto ◽  
Satoru Kobayashi ◽  
Takayuki Takasugi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bulk Alloy ◽  
Epma Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Couple Method

The thermodynamic stability ’- Co3(Al,W) phase (L12) in the Co-Al-W ternary system at 900 °C was investigated through microstructure and EPMA analysis on a heat-treated bulk alloy. To promote microstructural evolution, the bulk alloy was cold rolled before heat treatment. By heating at 900 °C, the ’ phase was formed discontinuously in contact with the -Co (A1) phase. With increasing heat treatment time, however, the fraction of ’ phase decreased while that of , CoAl (B2) and Co3W (D019) phases increased. These results are consistent with our previous work with a diffusion-couple method, indicating that the ’ phase is metastable, and the three phases of, CoAl and Co3W are thermodynamically stable at 900 °C.

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