The Use of Trimethylaluminum for Producing Surface Layers by the PACVD Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 3887-3890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Robert Sobiecki ◽  
R. Sitek ◽  
Tadeusz Wierzchoń
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Aluminum Oxynitride ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Surface Layers

The paper presents the use of trimethylaluminum in PACVD method to obtain the surface layers like alumina or aluminum nitride on Inconel nickel alloy. The glow discharge nitriding at a temperature of 750°C leads to the formation of aluminum oxynitride in the layer, whereas annealing in argon plasma at a temperature of 1050°C – to the formation of nickel and aluminum based intermetallic phases of the NiAl or Ni3Al type with aluminum oxide present within the outer zone of the coating. The presence of the surface layer of the Al2O3+NiAl+Ni3Al type formed on nickel alloys may be significant from the point of view of the applications that require a high heat resistance.

scholarly journals Formation of Al-alloyed Layer on Magnesium with Use of Casting Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mola ◽  
T. Bucki ◽  
A. Dziadoń
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Alloyed Layer ◽  
Molten Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Melt ◽  
Steel Mould

Abstract Al-enriched layer was formed on a magnesium substrate with use of casting. The magnesium melt was cast into a steel mould with an aluminium insert placed inside. Different conditions of the casting process were applied. The reaction between the molten magnesium and the aluminium piece during casting led to the formation of an Al-enriched surface layer on the magnesium substrate. The thickness of the layer was dependent on the casting conditions. In all fabricated layers the following phases were detected: a solid solution of Mg in Al, Al3Mg2, Mg17Al12 and a solid solution of Mg in Al. When the temperature of the melt and the mould was lower (variant 1 – 670°C and 310°; variant 2 – 680°C and 310°C, respectively) the unreacted thin layer of aluminium was observed in the outer zone. Applying higher temperatures of the melt (685°C) and the mould (325°C) resulted in deep penetration of aluminium into the magnesium substrate. Areas enriched in aluminium were locally observed. The Al-enriched layers composed mainly of Mg-Al intermetallic phases have hardness from 187-256 HV0.1.

scholarly journals GEOMETRICAL–TOPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUBSOLIDUS STRUCTURE IN THE MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Oksana Borysenko ◽  
Sergii Logvinkov ◽  
Halyna Shabanova ◽  
Igor Остапенко ◽  
Vita Шумейко
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Topological Characteristics ◽  
Elementary Triangle ◽  
Spinel Materials

Among the materials that attract attention from the point of view of creating refractory products with increased heat resistance, one can single out materials based on compositions of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system. As a result of the thermodynamic analysis of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system, it was found that the partition of the system into elementary triangles will change in three temperature ranges: I – up to 1537 K, II – in the temperature range 1537 – 2076 K and above 2076 K. It has been established that up to a temperature of 2076 K there is a concentration range of spinel phases: magnesium aluminate spinel – quandylite. Above 1537 K, there is a concentration range: tialite – karroite, which meets the requirements for materials with high heat resistance. The elementary triangle TiO2 – Al2TiO5 – MgTi2O5 can be used to obtain heat–resistant materials based on Al2TiO5 stabilized by MgTi2O5. To obtain heat–resistant periclase–spinel materials, an elementary triangle Mg2TiO4 – MgAl2O4 – MgO is recommended, in which only compounds with a cubic crystal lattice are present. Thus, the division of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system into elementary triangles and the analysis of the geometrical–topological characteristics of the phases of the system made it possible to select in the system under study the regions of compositions that have optimal properties for obtaining materials with the specified optimal properties.

The Measurement of Residual Stresses in the Surface Layers of the Materials after Machining

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Králik ◽  
Vladimír Jerz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Method ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Factors Affecting

This paper deals with the problem of stresses in the surface layer of materials after machining. It analyzes residual stresses as one of the factors affecting the state of the surface layer after machining. It describes the methods for measuring residual stresses and evaluates them from the point of view of suitability for industrial practice. A new method of measuring residual stresses in the surface layer of a workpiece for laboratory use has been proposed and experimentally tested. At the end of the article the options for further solutions in this area are proposed.

PRESSURDIE-1

Alloy Digest ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Steel Industries

Abstract PRESSURDIE-1 is an air-hardening hot work tool and die steel having high heat resistance and good high temperature strength properties. It is recommended for die casting dies, extrusion and forging dies. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-191. Producer or source: Continental Copper & Steel Industries Inc..

PEERLESS LCT2

Alloy Digest ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Crucible Steel ◽  
High Degree

Abstract PEERLESS LCT2 is a hot work steel which possesses high heat resistance and a high degree of working hardness at elevated temperatures. This steel is best applied where hardness and resistance to abrasion are of more importance than toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-140. Producer or source: Crucible Steel Company of America.

Adjustable wetting of Liquid Flame Spray (LFS) TiO2-nanoparticle coated board: Batch-type versus roll-to-roll stimulation methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Tuominen ◽  
Hannu Teisala ◽  
Janne Haapanen ◽  
Mikko Aromaa ◽  
Jyrki M. Mäkelä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flame Spray ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Batch Type ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Liquid Flame Spray

Abstract Superhydrophobic nanoparticle coating was created on the surface of board using liquid flame spray (LFS). The LFS coating was carried out continuously in ambient conditions without any additional hydrophobization steps. The contact angle of water (CAW) of ZrO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 coating was adjusted reversibly from >150° down to ~10−20° using different stimulation methods. From industrial point of view, the controlled surface wetting has been in focus for a long time because it defines the liquid-solid contact area, and furthermore can enhance the mechanical and chemical bonding on the interface between the liquid and the solid. The used stimulation methods included batch-type methods: artificial daylight illumination and heat treatment and roll-to-roll methods: corona, argon plasma, IR (infra red)- and UV (ultra violet)-treatments. On the contrary to batch-type methods, the adjustment and switching of wetting was done only in seconds or fraction of seconds using roll-to-roll stimulation methods. This is significant in the converting processes of board since they are usually continuous, high volume operations. In addition, the creation of microfluidic patterns on the surface of TiO2 coated board using simple photomasking and surface stimulation was demonstrated. This provides new advantages and possibilities, especially in the field of intelligent printing. Limited durability and poor repellency against low surface tension liquids are presently the main limitations of LFS coatings.

scholarly journals Clustering rooting for the high heat resistance of some CHNO energetic materials

FirePhysChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Xingyu Huo ◽  
Fanfan Wang ◽  
Liang Liang Niu ◽  
Ruijun Gou ◽  
Chaoyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heat Resistance

scholarly journals The Use of Statistical Functions for the Selection of Laser Texturing Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 454-461
Author(s):  
Piotr Sęk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Laser Surface Texturing ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Machine Elements ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Statistical Functions

AbstractLaser surface texturing is currently the most developed technique for producing fully reproducible microcavities on the surfaces of machine elements. From the point of view of texture technology, an important aspect is the proper selection of process parameters to obtain texture elements with desirable and repetitive geometries and physicochemical properties. Surface texturing improves mottling and fretting resistance and is also used wherever the adhesion properties of surface layers (printing techniques, bonding materials, biological and chemical activity, coatings, etc.) are important. The article shows the possibility of applying statistical functions to the selection of appropriate machining parameters to obtain microgeometry useful in the application of textured surfaces [1].

scholarly journals Molecular Physiological Characterization of a High Heat Resistant Spore Forming Bacillus subtilis Food Isolate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Tu ◽  
Peter Setlow ◽  
Stanley Brul ◽  
Gertjan Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Dipicolinic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Food Isolate ◽  
Wet Heat

Bacterial endospores (spores) are among the most resistant living forms on earth. Spores of Bacillus subtilis A163 show extremely high resistance to wet heat compared to spores of laboratory strains. In this study, we found that spores of B. subtilis A163 were indeed very wet heat resistant and released dipicolinic acid (DPA) very slowly during heat treatment. We also determined the proteome of vegetative cells and spores of B. subtilis A163 and the differences in these proteomes from those of the laboratory strain PY79, spores of which are much less heat resistant. This proteomic characterization identified 2011 proteins in spores and 1901 proteins in vegetative cells of B. subtilis A163. Surprisingly, spore morphogenic protein SpoVM had no homologs in B. subtilis A163. Comparing protein expression between these two strains uncovered 108 proteins that were differentially present in spores and 93 proteins differentially present in cells. In addition, five of the seven proteins on an operon in strain A163, which is thought to be primarily responsible for this strain’s spores high heat resistance, were also identified. These findings reveal proteomic differences of the two strains exhibiting different resistance to heat and form a basis for further mechanistic analysis of the high heat resistance of B. subtilis A163 spores.

P-57: A Transparent Plastic Film having Excellent Optical Properties and High Heat Resistance for Flexible Display Substrates

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Watanabe ◽  
Ken-ichi Makita ◽  
Yasuyoshi Fujii ◽  
Hisanori Okada ◽  
Naoto Obara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
High Heat Resistance ◽  
Flexible Display ◽  
Transparent Plastic
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