Addition of Calcareous Quarry to Bricklaying Mortars - Analysis of the Properties in Fresh State

2010 ◽  
Vol 636-637 ◽  
pp. 1286-1291
Author(s):  
M. Luiza Lopes O. Santos ◽  
Antonio Eduardo Martinelli ◽  
M.A.F. Melo ◽  
D.M.A. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Fresh State

One of the major current environmental concerns is the excessive or inefficient consumption of non-renewable natural resources. The construction industry is one of the largest consumers of natural raw materials, playing an important role in the degradation of the environment. Recycling and reusing are concepts that can be effectively applied in the formulation of construction materials, especially mortars. In particular, calcareous quarry can replace, at least to some extent, the cement used in the composition of bricklaying mortars. The objective of this study was to prepare and characterize mortars containing calcareous quarry. The mortars were prepared using Portland CP II F – 32 cement, CH I hydrated lime, river sand and tap water. Different concentrations of residues, ranging from 5 to 30% were used to replace the cement. Mortars with volume ratio of 1:0.5:4.5, commonly used in bricklaying structural masonry, were evaluated. The water to cement ration was set to 1.45. The residue used was fully characterized to determine their specific mass, unitary mass, particle size distribution and morphology, and composition. The mortars were characterized both in their fresh and the results compared to those obtained from a residue-free composition. The results showed that the use of calcareous quarry partially replacing the cement did not significantly affect the performance of the mortars. Compositions containing up to 30% of calcareous quarry can be classified according to NBR 13281 (ABNT, 2005) as bricklaying mortars, and can be used by the construction industry.

scholarly journals Bio-based construction materials for a sustainable future

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rijk Block ◽  
Barbara Kuit ◽  
Torsten Schröder ◽  
Patrick Teuffel
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Flax Fibres ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Building ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
Primary Materials

<p>The structural engineering community has a strong responsibility to contribute to a more efficient use of natural resources. Nowadays the construction industry is by far the most resource intense industry sector, approximately 40-50% of all primary raw materials are used, which raises the question about the architects and engineer’s accountability. In this context and as a result of the Paris Climate agreement the Dutch government defined the program “Nederland Circulair in 2050”, which states the ambition to use 50% less primary materials in 2030 and to have a full circular economy in 2050.</p><p>One possible approach to achieve these ambitious goals is the application of renewable, bio-based materials in the built environment and to replace traditional, typically cement-based, materials. Already in the past natural building materials, such as timber and bamboo have been used widely, but in recent years new materials came up and provide new opportunities to be used in the construction industry. The authors explored various alternatives, such as hemp and flax fibres, mycelium and lignin-based fibres for composite materials, which will be described with various experimental and realised case studies.</p>

scholarly journals ¿Es compatible la durabilidad con la sostenibilidad en la industria de la construcción?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
P. Garcés Terradillos ◽  
Emilio Zornoza ◽  
F. Baeza Brotons ◽  
O. Galao ◽  
J. Payá
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Agricultural Byproduct ◽  
Sludge Ash

RESUMENEn este artículo se presentan resultados obtenidos en distintas propiedades relacionadas con la durabilidad y características resistentes de morteros de cemento parcialmente sustituidos con diferentes residuos agrícola e industriales que presentan actividad puzolánica: ceniza de lodo de depuradora (CLD), ceniza volante (CV), residuo de catalizador de craqueo catalítico (FCC), ceniza de cascara de arroz (CCA), reforzados con acero. Los resultados presentados demuestran que es posible un desarrollo sostenible de la industria de la construcción. Esto puede conseguirse mediante la reducción del contenido de clinker en los cementos y reutilizando subproductos industriales y agrícolas con un adecuado nivel de durabilidad de los materiales de construcción elaborados a partir de ellos.Palabras claves: durabilidad; sostenibilidad; subproductos industriales; subproductos agrícolasABSTRACTThis paper presents the results obtained in the evaluation of a series of properties related to durability and strength of steel reinforced cement mortars partially substituted with different agricultural and industrial residues presenting pozzolanic activity: sewage sludge ash (SSA), fly ash (FA), spent catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC) and rice husk ash (RHA). These results show that it is possible to achieve a sustainable development in the construction industry. This can be obtained by reducing the clinker content in cement and reusing industrial and agricultural byproducts with an appropriate level of durability of the construction materials fabricated from them.Key words: durability; sustainability; industrial byproduct; agricultural byproduct

scholarly journals Radiological and physico-chemical characterization of red mud as an Al-containing precursor in inorganic binders for the building industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Sabina Dolenec ◽  
Katarina Ster ◽  
Mustafa Hadzalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Alkali Activated

The potential re-use of red mud in the building and construction industry has been the subject of research of many scientists. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution of this environmental issue through the synthesis of potential construction materials based on red mud. A promising way of recycling these secondary raw materials is the synthesis of alkali-activated binders or alkali activated materials. Alkali-activated materials or inorganic binders based on red mud are a new class of materials obtained by activation of inorganic precursors mainly constituted by silica, alumina and low content of calcium oxide. Since red mud contains radioactive elements like 226Ra and 232Th, this may be a problem for its further utilization. The content of naturally occurring radionuclides in manufactured material products with potential application in the building and construction industry is important from the standpoint of radiation protection. Gamma radiation of the primordial radionuclides, 40K and members of the uranium and thorium series, increases the external gamma dose rate. However, more and more precedence is being given to limiting the radiological dose originating from building materials on the population these days. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible influence of alkali activation-polymerization processes on the natural radioactivity of alkali activated materials synthesized by red mud (BOKSIT a. d. Milici, Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and their structural properties. This research confirmed that during the polymerization process the natural radioactivity was reduced, and that the process of alkali activation of raw materials has an influence on natural radioactivity of synthesized materials.

scholarly journals Case Study: LCA Methodology Applied to Materials Management in a Brazilian Residential Construction Site

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
João de Lassio ◽  
Josué França ◽  
Kárida Espirito Santo ◽  
Assed Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Life Cycle Thinking ◽  
Lca Methodology

The construction industry is increasingly concerned with improving the social, economic, and environmental indicators of sustainability. More than ever, the growing demand for construction materials reflects increased consumption of raw materials and energy, particularly during the phases of extraction, processing, and transportation of materials. This work aims to help decision-makers and to promote life cycle thinking in the construction industry. For this purpose, the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was chosen to analyze the environmental impacts of building materials used in the construction of a residence project in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The LCA methodology, based on ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 guidelines, is applied with available databases and the SimaPro program. As a result, this work shows that there is a substantial waste of nonrenewable energy, increasing global warming and harm to human health in this type of construction. This study also points out that, for this type of Brazilian construction, ceramic materials account for a high percentage of the mass of a total building and are thus responsible for the majority of environmental impacts.

Properties of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin ◽  
Fareed Ahmed Memon
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Cement Manufacture ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

Concrete has been used in the construction industry since long times. It is probably the most widely used construction material in the world, largely due to the abundance of the raw materials for cement manufacture, low relative cost and the versatility and adaptability of concrete in forming various structural shapes. Massive production of concrete and the associated substantial manufacture of cement have however been observed to have a very negative impact. One of the biggest issues of growing concern at the moment faced by concrete industries is the impact of cement production on the environment. The production of cement not only depletes significant amount of natural resources, but also liberates a considerable amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of decarbonation of limestone and the combustion of fossil fuels. In addition, cement is among the most energy intensive construction materials, after aluminium and steel [1].

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION AND FRAMEWORK IN INDIA - A MINI REVIEW WITH BEST PRACTICES IN C & D WASTE MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar Raj ◽  
Ar. S Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Systematic Collection

The construction industry in Indian cities has grown rapidly in recent decades due to population growth, industrialization and the introduction of new infrastructure projects, which has led to a tremendous growth in the construction industry.A key demand as a result of the growth of the Indian construction sector is expected to be the supply gap in terms of construction materials such as sand, limestone, and aggregate. The Supreme Court has had a major impact on the construction industry due to the ban on river sand and stone mining. It is designed to find an alternative source of natural raw materials.An alternative source in the field of aggregate construction recycled by C&D Waste could replace a significant amount of natural aggregates that run abroad in countries such as the United States, France, Denmark, Germany and Japan. Has been While various methods of waste have been suggested in the literature, the quantification of waste produced in India is insufficient.This inadequacy is due to lack of proper classification control procedures, lack of joint C&D waste estimation procedures, and knowledge of C&D waste processing among generators, collectors, operators, regulators, and the general public. The C&D Waste Management Rules 2016 to address the responsibilities of all stakeholders for the systematic collection, storage, transport, treatment / processing, and disposal of C&D bins in India was introduced. This comprehensive study seeks to analyze current legislation and challenges, and proposes an informational framework for systematic collection, storage, treatment / processing, and C&D waste disposal.This article examines the current methods of C&D waste in India. It also studies the institutional, regulatory and legislative framework in India in the field of construction and demolition waste management.

Water sludge: utilization in the production of construction materials and agriculture Alternative coagulants (a review)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Я. Кофман
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Tree Seeds ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Oil ◽  
Made In

При производстве строительных материалов и в сельском хозяйстве могут быть использованы значительные объемы водопроводных осадков, обеспечивая при этом их утилизацию. Следствием применения осадков в строительной промышленности может стать существенная экономия традиционных сырьевых материалов без ухудшения качества продукции. Налаженных поставок водопроводных осадков на предприятия стройиндустрии, однако, пока не происходит, и в качестве основной причины называют непостоянство их состава. Вместе с тем достигнутые результаты свидетельствуют о значительных усилиях, предпринимаемых в этой области. На основе использования водопроводных осадков разработаны технологии производства цемента, строительного раствора, бетона, кирпича, кровельной черепицы, керамических изделий. Сельскохозяйственное применение водопроводных осадков считается наиболее доступным и масштабным вариантом их утилизации. Содержание органики и тяжелых металлов в водопроводных осадках достаточно ограниченно, что выгодно отличает их от осадков сточных вод и позволяет классифицировать как безопасные. К настоящему времени в целом ряде стран проведены многолетние масштабные эксперименты по использованию водопроводных осадков для корректировки содержания растворимого фосфора в почвах, для связывания растворимых форм мышьяка и хрома и корректировки содержания микроэлементов. Кардинальное решение проблемы водопроводных осадков должно быть связано с уменьшением их образования в процессе водоподготовки. В этом направлении ведется поиск альтернативных коагулянтов, прежде всего растительного происхождения. Достигнутые результаты позволили провести опытно-промышленные испытания водного экстракта семян масличного дерева Moringa oleiferaв качестве коагулянта при очистке поверхностной воды. Utilization of water sludge in significant amounts can be provided by using it in the production of construction materials and in agriculture. The use of water sludge in the construction industry can result in significant savings in traditional raw materials without compromising product quality. However, the supply of water sludge to the construction industry enterprises, has not been established so far, and the instability of its composition is posed as the main reason. At the same time, the results achieved evidence significant efforts made in this area. Based on the use of water sludge, technologies have been developed for the production of cement, building mortar, concrete, brick, roofing tiles, and ceramic products. Agricultural use of water sludge is considered as a most affordable and large-scale option of its disposal. The concentration of organics and heavy metals in water sludge is quite limited, which sets it apart from wastewater sludge and allows it being classified as safe. To date, in a number of countries many years of large-scale experiments have been conducted on the use of water sludge for adjusting the concentration of soluble phosphorus in soils; binding soluble forms of arsenic and chromium, and adjusting the concentration of trace elements. A radical solution to the problem of water sludge disposal should be associated with reducing its amount generated during water purification process. In this direction, studies are being conducted on alternative coagulants, primarily of plant origin. The results achieved made it possible to carry out pilot tests of using aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera oil-tree seeds as a coagulant in the purification of surface water.

scholarly journals Radiological and physico-chemical characterization of red mud as an Al-containing precursor in inorganic binders for the building industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Sabina Dolenec ◽  
Katarina Ster ◽  
Mustafa Hadzalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Alkali Activated

The potential re-use of red mud in the building and construction industry has been the subject of research of many scientists. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution of this environmental issue through the synthesis of potential construction materials based on red mud. A promising way of recycling these secondary raw materials is the synthesis of alkali-activated binders or alkali activated materials. Alkali-activated materials or inorganic binders based on red mud are a new class of materials obtained by activation of inorganic precursors mainly constituted by silica, alumina and low content of calcium oxide. Since red mud contains radioactive elements like 226Ra and 232Th, this may be a problem for its further utilization. The content of naturally occurring radionuclides in manufactured material products with potential application in the building and construction industry is important from the standpoint of radiation protection. Gamma radiation of the primordial radionuclides, 40K and members of the uranium and thorium series, increases the external gamma dose rate. However, more and more precedence is being given to limiting the radiological dose originating from building materials on the population these days. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible influence of alkali activation-polymerization processes on the natural radioactivity of alkali activated materials synthesized by red mud (BOKSIT a. d. Milici, Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and their structural properties. This research confirmed that during the polymerization process the natural radioactivity was reduced, and that the process of alkali activation of raw materials has an influence on natural radioactivity of synthesized materials.

scholarly journals Utilization of Cow-dung Ash, Granite Powder and Marble Stone to Enhance Strength of Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
J Arthika ◽  
C Venkatasubramanian ◽  
D Muthu ◽  
Neha P Asrani ◽  
R Gayathri
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Granite Powder

The construction industry has been responsible for degrading the environment due to ecological imbalance caused during the extraction and production of building materials. To make this production of construction materials cleaner, the dependency on conventional materials has to be reduced. With this aim, this article presents an experimental study on partial replacement of cement, sand and aggregate by cowdung ash(CDA), granite powder(GP) and marble stone(MS) respectively. For this, four series of mix proportions were prepared to evaluate the compressive strength and the split tensile strength. Replacement ratios of the first, second, third and fourth mixes are (5%CDA, 10%GP, 15%MS), (5%CDA, 15%GP, 30%MS), (10%CDA, 15%GP, 30%MS), (5%CDA, 7.5%GP, 15%MS) respectively. Results revealed that the partial replacement of binders and fillers is effective to enhance compressive and split tensile strength of   concrete. This would enable the construction industry to reduce their dependency on river sand and natural coarse aggregate.  

scholarly journals Status of Agro-Industrial Waste Used to Develop Construction Materials in Andhra Pradesh Region – India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1197 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
Sravan Chilukuri ◽  
Sanjeet Kumar ◽  
Ashwin Raut
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Environmental Implication ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Supplementary Material

Abstract In today’s world concrete is one of the major construction materials. With the growth in industrialization and urbanization the demand for the concrete has taken a new pace. Therefore, to fulfill the demand huge amounts of natural resources has to be exploited for the production of the cement because natural resources and raw materials are major constituents in the production. At the same time huge quantities of industrial and agricultural wastes are generating in developing countries and are posing serious risk to the environment as well as human health. So, by utilizing these wastes as a supplementary material in construction reduces the usage of natural resources in the cement as well as decreases the threat of wastes in the environment. Many researchers have proved the effective utilization of wastes in the construction industry as they are more reliable and promote sustainability. This paper reviews waste generation and its statistics as well as environmental implication caused by wastes. It also high lights the possible ways of wastes that can be used in construction, preparation of blocks, insulators etc. This study also provides summary of existing research about usage of Agri and industrial wastes in the construction industry. In addition, paper shows application of wastes in real time construction.

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