Influences of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of WCp/40CrNi2Mo Metal Matrix Composites

A metal matrix composite 40CrNi2Mo strengthened with nanoscale WC particulate was fabricated through conventional casting in this work. The microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of this material were studied. The diffusion annealing processing was conducted at 900°C for 6.5h, and the quenching process with oil at 880°C for 2h. The temper process was conducted at 180°C, 220°C, 260°C and 500°C for 2h. It was found that the WC particulates surrounding the Fe3C phase were distributed evenly within the matrix. The segregation was discovered in the cast and was eliminated through annealing at the cost of hardness. The quenching, annealing at 180°C for 2hrs plus air cooling induced the tempered martensite, some ferrite and few retained austenite. The microstructure changed into the tempered sorbite after tempering at higher temperatures. The amount of precipitated carbides increased with the tempering temperature, but the hardness decreased gradually. Diffusion tempering, treated at 880°C for 2h followed by oil quenching, annealing at 180°C for 2h plus air cooling can give rise to the best wear resistance, which equals to 124.5% of the material currently employed.

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Effect of Al2O3-MoS2 on hardness and wear loss of Al-6061 hybrid metal matrix composite

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2070/1/012159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2070 (1) ◽

pp. 012159

Author(s):

K R Suchendra ◽

M Sreenivasa Reddy

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Wear Loss ◽

Light Weight ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

The Matrix ◽

Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite

Abstract Aluminium Composites are presently conquering their massive practice in aerospace, marine, automobile and other industrial applications due to their vital properties such as better strength, light weight etc. The main Purpose the present research is to investigate the role of Al2O3-MoS2 on Al6061 Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs). Composites with varying weight percentages of reinforcements like Al2O3 (3, 6 and 9%) and MoS2 (3, 6 and 9%) manufactured by using stircasting method. The result shows that uniform dispersal of reinforcements with in the matrix. Increasing the wt. % of Al2O3-MoS2 in Al6061 leads to improve in hardness and exhibits the better wear resistance of the composites. SEM analysis reveals the Al6061 alloy shows the deepest and widest wear tracks and whereas in hybrid composite (Al6061/Al2O3/MoS2), width and depth of wear tracks are considerably smaller which leads to improve the wear resistance

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The Microstructure and the Wear Resistance of the Hypoeutectic High Carbon Fe-B Cast Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.1009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 146-147 ◽

pp. 1009-1012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ji Wen Li ◽

Guo Shang Zhang ◽

Shi Zhong Wei

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Cast Steel ◽

Metallic Matrix ◽

Air Cooling ◽

High Carbon ◽

Quenching Temperature ◽

Tempering Temperature ◽

The Matrix ◽

The Impact

A new wear resistance material named the hypoeutectic high carbon Fe-B cast steel with fine hard carbides dispersive distributed in the matrix have been investigated. The results show that the solidified structures of high carbon Fe-B steel consist of ferrite, pearlite and boride, and borides were distributed along grain boundary in interconnected network. After heat treatment, the metallic matrix changes into martensite and retained austenite. The eutectic borides are appeared to be less continuous network and isolated particles. The increasing of the quenching temperature leads to the improvement of hardness. Quenching at 980°C, impact toughness is increased with the increasing of the tempering temperature. The optimum heat treatment is quenching at 980°C(oil cooling) and tempering at 330°C(air cooling). The wear resistance of modified high carbon Fe-B cast steel is corresponding to Cr26 alloy. The impact wear mechanism is mainly plastic deformation and fatigue spalling.

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Predictive Computational Model for Damage Behavior of Metal-Matrix Composites Emphasizing the Effect of Particle Size and Volume Fraction

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14092143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 2143

Author(s):

Shaimaa I. Gad ◽

Mohamed A. Attia ◽

Mohamed A. Hassan ◽

Ahmed G. El-Shafei

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Particulate Composites ◽

Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Zone Method ◽

Stress Strain ◽

The Matrix

In this paper, an integrated numerical model is proposed to investigate the effects of particulate size and volume fraction on the deformation, damage, and failure behaviors of particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs). In the framework of a random microstructure-based finite element modelling, the plastic deformation and ductile cracking of the matrix are, respectively, modelled using Johnson–Cook constitutive relation and Johnson–Cook ductile fracture model. The matrix-particle interface decohesion is simulated by employing the surface-based-cohesive zone method, while the particulate fracture is manipulated by the elastic–brittle cracking model, in which the damage evolution criterion depends on the fracture energy cracking criterion. A 2D nonlinear finite element model was developed using ABAQUS/Explicit commercial program for modelling and analyzing damage mechanisms of silicon carbide reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The predicted results have shown a good agreement with the experimental data in the forms of true stress–strain curves and failure shape. Unlike the existing models, the influence of the volume fraction and size of SiC particles on the deformation, damage mechanism, failure consequences, and stress–strain curve of A359/SiC particulate composites is investigated accounting for the different possible modes of failure simultaneously.

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Interfacial Aspects of Metal Matrix Composites Prepared from Liquid Metals and Aqueous Solutions: A Review

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10101400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1400

Author(s):

Peter Baumli

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Liquid Metals ◽

Interfacial Phenomena ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Good Adhesion ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

The Matrix

The paper reviews the preparation of the different metallic nanocomposites. In the preparation of composites, especially in the case of nanocomposites, interfacial phenomena play an important role. This review summarizes the literature on various interfacial phenomena, such as wettability and reactivity in the case of casting techniques and colloidal behavior in the case of electrochemical and electroless methods. The main contribution of this work lies in the evaluation of collected interfacial phenomena and difficulties in the production of metal matrix composites, for both nano-sized and micro-sized reinforcements. This study can guide the composite maker in choosing the best criteria for producing metal matrix composites, which means a real interface with good adhesion between the matrix and the reinforcement. This criterion results in desirable mechanical and physical properties and homogenous dispersion of the reinforcement in the matrix.

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Improvement in Hardness and Wear Behaviour of Iron-Based Mn–Cu–Sn Matrix for Sintered Diamond Tools by Dispersion Strengthening

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14071774 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1774

Author(s):

Elżbieta Cygan-Bączek ◽

Piotr Wyżga ◽

Sławomir Cygan ◽

Piotr Bała ◽

Andrzej Romański

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Base Material ◽

Wear Behaviour ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Diamond Tools ◽

Abrasion Wear ◽

Sintered Diamond ◽

Abrasive Stone

The work presents the possibility of fabricating materials for use as a matrix in sintered metallic-diamond tools with increased mechanical properties and abrasion wear resistance. In this study, the effect of micro-sized SiC, Al2O3, and ZrO2 additives on the wear behaviour of dispersion-strengthened metal-matrix composites was investigated. The development of metal-matrix composites (based on Fe–Mn–Cu–Sn–C) reinforced with micro-sized particles is a new approach to the substitution of critical raw materials commonly used for the matrix in sintered diamond-impregnated tools used for the machining of abrasive stone and concrete. The composites were prepared using spark plasma sintering (SPS). Apparent density, microstructural features, phase composition, Young’s modulus, hardness, and abrasion wear resistance were determined. An increase in the hardness and wear resistance of the dispersion-strengthened composites as compared to the base material (Fe–Mn–Cu–Sn–C) and the commercial alloy Co-20% WC provides metallic-diamond tools with high-performance properties.

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Creep Deformation of Particle-Strengthened Metal-Matrix Composites

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.3226440 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 99-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Z. G. Zhu ◽

G. J. Weng

Keyword(s):

Constitutive Equation ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Creep Strain ◽

Creep Deformation ◽

Creep Resistance ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Order Approximation ◽

Stress Redistribution ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

The Matrix

A multiaxial theory of creep deformation for particle-strengthened metal-matrix composites is derived. This derivation is based on the observation that there are two major sources of creep resistance in such a system. The first, or metallurgical effect, arises from the increased difficulty of dislocation motion in the presence of particles and is accounted for by a size- and concentration dependent constitutive equation for the matrix. The second, or mechanics effect, is due to the continuous transfer of stress from the ductile matrix to the hard particles and the corresponding stress redistribution is also incorporated in the derivation. Both power-law creep and exponential creep in the matrix, each involving the transient as well as the steady state, are considered. The constitutive equations thus derived can provide the development of creep strain of the composite under a combined stress. The multiaxial theory is also simplified to a uniaxial one, whose explicit stress-creep strain-time relations at a given concentration of particles are also given by a first- and second-order approximation. The uniaxial theory is used to predict the creep deformation of an oxide-strengthened cobalt, and the results are in reasonably good agreement with the experiment. Finally, it is demonstrated that a simple metallurgical approach without considering the stress redistribution between the two constituent phases, or a simple mechanics approach without using a modified constitutive equation for the metal matrix, may each underestimate the creep resistance of the composite, and, therefore, it is important that both factors be considered in the formulation of such a theory.

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Development of High-Performance SiCp/Al-Si Composites by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Metals ◽

10.3390/met8100738 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 738 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Qiong Xu ◽

Aibin Ma ◽

Junjie Wang ◽

Jiapeng Sun ◽

Jinghua Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽

High Performance ◽

Adhesive Wear ◽

Processing Route ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

New Approach ◽

Angular Pressing ◽

The Matrix ◽

Industry Applications

Relatively low compactness and unsatisfactory uniformity of reinforced particles severely restrict the performance and widespread industry applications of the powder metallurgy (PM) metal matrix composites (MMCs). Here, we developed a combined processing route of PM and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) to enhance the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the SiCp/Al-Si composite. The results indicate that ECAP significantly refined the matrix grains, eliminated pores and promoted the uniformity of the reinforcement particles. After 8p-ECAP, the SiCp/Al-Si composite consisted of ultrafine Al matrix grains (600 nm) modified by uniformly-dispersed Si and SiCp particles, and the composite relative density approached 100%. The hardness and wear resistance of the 8p-ECAP SiCp/Al-Si composite were markedly improved compared to the PM composite. More ECAP passes continued a trend of improvement for the wear resistance and hardness. Moreover, while abrasion and delamination dominated the wear of PM composites, less severe adhesive wear and fatigue mechanisms played more important roles in the wear of PM-ECAP composites. This study demonstrates a new approach to designing wear-resistant Al-MMCs and is readily applicable to other Al-MMCs.

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Physical, mechanical properties and wear resistance of iron-base matrix materials for sintered diamond tools fabricated by HP and SPS

Mechanik ◽

10.17814/mechanik.2018.10.140 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (10) ◽

pp. 846-849

Author(s):

Elżbieta Bączek

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Full Density ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Base Matrix ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Sintered Diamond

Metal matrix composites were prepared by hot pressing (HP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. Ball-milled ironbase powders were consolidated to near full density by these methods at 900°C. The physical and mechanical properties of the resulting composites were investigated. The specimens were tested for resistance to both 3-body and 2-body abrasion. The composites obtained by HP method (at 900°C/35 MPa) had higher density, hardness and resistance to abrasion than those obtained by SPS method.

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COMPUTATIONAL MICROSTRUCTURE-BASED ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL STRESS EVOLUTION IN METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITE MATERIALS DURING THERMOMECHANICAL LOADING

Facta Universitatis Series Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.22190/fume201228011b ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 241

Author(s):

Ruslan Balokhonov ◽

Varvara Romanova ◽

Eugen Schwab ◽

Aleksandr Zemlianov ◽

Eugene Evtushenko

Keyword(s):

Residual Stress ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Two Phase ◽

Irregular Shapes ◽

The Matrix ◽

Stress Formation ◽

Mechanical Fragmentation

A technique for computer simulation of three-dimensional structures of materials with reinforcing particles of complex irregular shapes observed in the experiments is proposed, which assumes scale invariance of the natural mechanical fragmentation. Two-phase structures of metal-matrix composites and coatings of different spatial scales are created, with the particles randomly distributed over the matrix and coating computational domains. Using the titanium carbide reinforcing particle embedded into the aluminum as an example, plastic strain localization and residual stress formation along the matrix-particle interface are numerically investigated during cooling followed by compression or tension of the composite. A detailed analysis is performed to evaluate the residual stress concentration in local regions of bulk tension formed under all-round and uniaxial compression of the composite due to the concave and convex interfacial asperities.

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Transmission Electron Microscope Specimen Preparation of Metal Matrix Composites Using the Focused Ion Beam Miller

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1007/s100050010048 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 452-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Julie M. Cairney ◽

Robert D. Smith ◽

Paul R. Munroe

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Metal Matrix Composites ◽

Transmission Electron Microscope ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Focused Ion Beam ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

The Matrix ◽

Ceramic Reinforcement

AbstractTransmission electron microscope samples of two types of metal matrix composites were prepared using both traditional thinning methods and the more novel focused ion beam miller. Electropolishing methods were able to produce, very rapidly, thin foils where the matrix was electron transparent, but the ceramic reinforcement particles remained unthinned. Thus, it was not possible in these foils to study either the matrix-reinforcement interface or the microstructure of the reinforcement particles themselves. In contrast, both phases in the composites prepared using the focused ion beam miller thinned uniformly. The interfaces in these materials were clearly visible and the ceramic reinforcement was electron transparent. However, microstructural artifacts associated with ion beam damage were also observed. The extent of these artifacts and methods of minimizing their effect were dependent on both the materials and the milling conditions used.

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