Tubing String Thread Sealing Surfaces Damage Evaluation Based on Acoustic Elasticity Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 944 ◽  
pp. 828-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Wang ◽  
Jian Hua Sun ◽  
Shang Yu Yang ◽  
Yao Rong Feng ◽  
Kai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Elasticity Theory ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Tubing String ◽  
Acoustic Elasticity

During the processing of tubing premium threaded made up, the degree of the thread sealing surface intactness will directly affect the sealing performance of the string. Nevertheless, there are some difficulties to detect the damage of the engaged sealing surface effectively. In the present study the sealing surface damage was judged by the sealing surface contact stress’s relative changes according to the acoustic elasticity theory,. At the same time, the wear defects generated at the tubing sealing surface, during the tubing made up, contrasted with the wear and unworn surface roughness of coupling ultrasonic detected about the sealing surface. The results showed that with the acoustic amplitude evaluated the sealing contact stress was susceptible to the influence of surface roughness of coupling. But the reflection wave with the center frequency on the sealing surface characterization of the contact stress could avoid this problem effectively.

scholarly journals Post-Processing and Surface Characterization of Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel 316L Lattice: Implications for BioMedical Use

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Alex Quok An Teo ◽  
Lina Yan ◽  
Akshay Chaudhari ◽  
Gavin Kane O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Particulate Debris

Additive manufacturing of stainless steel is becoming increasingly accessible, allowing for the customisation of structure and surface characteristics; there is little guidance for the post-processing of these metals. We carried out this study to ascertain the effects of various combinations of post-processing methods on the surface of an additively manufactured stainless steel 316L lattice. We also characterized the nature of residual surface particles found after these processes via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Finally, we measured the surface roughness of the post-processing lattices via digital microscopy. The native lattices had a predictably high surface roughness from partially molten particles. Sandblasting effectively removed this but damaged the surface, introducing a peel-off layer, as well as leaving surface residue from the glass beads used. The addition of either abrasive polishing or electropolishing removed the peel-off layer but introduced other surface deficiencies making it more susceptible to corrosion. Finally, when electropolishing was performed after the above processes, there was a significant reduction in residual surface particles. The constitution of the particulate debris as well as the lattice surface roughness following each post-processing method varied, with potential implications for clinical use. The work provides a good base for future development of post-processing methods for additively manufactured stainless steel.

Assessment of Quantitative Methodology for Evaluation of Retrieved Metallic Femoral Components From Total Knee Replacements

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Alvarez ◽  
Marcella E. Elpers ◽  
Hillary M. Cash ◽  
Michelle E. Wabler ◽  
John D. DesJardins
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
Visual Damage

The metallic surfaces of total joint replacement components are subject to surface damage and roughening that can severely limit the service lifetime of the bearing system. To date, there are no standards by which to characterize the severity and modes of this critical surface damage, and therefore it remains difficult to accurately assess how femoral damage influences total joint replacement longevity. This study introduces a novel femoral component damage scoring methodology that combines a semi-quantitative visual damage scoring assessment and a fully quantitative non-contact characterization of the articular surface profile. The femoral surface was divided into 6 pre-determined zones, with 5 possible modes of damage and 4 (0–3) levels of damage severity, to produce a maximum possible damage score of 90. The 5 modes of metallic surface damage were; number of scratches, scratch depth, third body wear, abrasion and pitting. Three independent examiners were trained and then evaluated 33 retrieved TKRs systems (n = 11 Oxinium and n = 23 CoCr) with in-situ times of 3.6 ± 4.2 yrs (range of 0.1–20 yrs). The average damage score was 19.9 ± 30.8 with an inter-observer variability of only 1.5% Articular damage mode frequency was calculated and found to be 61% for scratching, 15% for pitting and 52% for abrasion. The quantitative characterization of the articular surface profile of the femoral component using non-contact profilometry (n = 150/retrieved component) illustrated a positive correlation between damage score and the average surface roughness for implants with an Ra greater than 65 nm (R2 of 0.865). This methodology identified a critical Ra threshold above the standard manufacturing tolerance (∼50nm) wherein visual damage scoring was predictive of increases in quantitative surface roughness. This study validates the use of this novel methodology across most TKR material pairings. Future work will correlate damage scores and measured surface roughness with patient demographic and functional information.

scholarly journals Simplified micrometric surface characterization of different implant surfaces available on the Brazilian market

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos do Carmo Filho ◽  
Ana Paula Pinto Martins ◽  
Amália Machado Bielemann ◽  
Anna Paula da Rosa Possebon ◽  
Fernanda Faot
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Surface Contaminants ◽  
Cervical Portion

Aim: This study characterized the implant surfaces available on the Brazilian market in terms of topography, chemical composition, and roughness. Methods: The following brands were selected according to their surfaces: Kopp (Ko), Signo Vinces (Sv), Neodent (Ne), Osseotite (Os) NanoTite (Nt), SIN (Si), Titanium Fix (Tf), conventional Straumann (Str), Active SLA (SLA). The morphological analysis and the alloy impurities and implant surface contaminants were analyzed by SEM-EDS. Surface roughness parameters and 3-D reconstructions were obtained by laser microscopy (20x). Two distinct areas were evaluated: i) the cervical portion (no surface treatment), and ii) the middle third (treated surface). Results: The characterization of the implant surfaces by SEM showed morphological differences between the thread geometries and surface morphology at 800x and 2000x magnification. The EDS elemental analysis showed a predominance of titanium (Ti) for all implants. The SLA surface showed only peaks of Ti while other implants brands showed traces of impurities and contaminants including Al, C, PR, F, Mg, Na, Ni, O, P, and SR. The implant surface roughness in the cervical portion did not exceed Ra 0.5–1.0 μm, constituting a minimally rough surface and obtaining acceptable standards for this region. Only Nt, Str, and SLA presented Ra above 2 μm in the middle third area showing a rough surface favorable for osseointegration. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no established standard for morphology, chemical composition and implant surface roughness that allows a safe comparison between the available dental implant surfaces. National implant brands generally contain more impurities and surface contaminants than their international counterparts and were consequently more sensitive to the surface treatment techniques.

Surface characterization of paper and paperboard using a stylus contact method

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Young Chan Ko ◽  
Lili Melani ◽  
Na Young Park ◽  
Hyoung Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Friction Measurements

AbstractSurface characterization is important and has many applications in the paper industry. Surface characterization requires both surface roughness and surface friction. The relationship between the two has not been fully established for paper and paperboard. It has been a common practice that only the average property and the standard deviation with the coefficient of variation (COV) are reported for surface roughness and friction measurements. This practice, however, provides few information on surface structure and can lead to wrong judgments because two samples having the same average and the COV can have different physical properties. To avoid such mistake, a new surface characterization method has been developed. To this end, surface roughness- and friction-profiles have been obtained using a latest version of Kawabata surface tester (Model: KES-SESRU, Kato Tech, Kyoto Japan). This new version uses the same stylus for both measuring surface roughness and friction under the same operating conditions. It was found that a correlation between the surface roughness and surface friction was very low. This indicates that they should be independent of each other. Therefore, both should be determined for surface characterization.

Surface Roughness Characterization of ZnO: TiO2-Organic Blended Solar Cells Layers by Atomic Force Microscopy and Fractal Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ştefan Ţălu ◽  
Sebastian Stach ◽  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Dinesh Pathak ◽  
Tomas Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

The objective of this work is to quantitatively characterize the 3D complexity of ZnO : TiO 2-organic blended solar cells layers by atomic force microscopy and fractal analysis. ZnO : TiO 2-organic blended solar cells layers were investigated by AFM in tapping-mode in air, on square areas of 25 μm2. A detailed methodology for ZnO : TiO 2-organic blended solar cells layers surface fractal characterization, which may be applied for AFM data, is presented. Detailed surface characterization of the surface topography was obtained using statistical parameters, according with ISO 25178-2: 2012. The fractal dimensions Df values (all with average ± standard deviation), obtained with morphological envelopes method, for: blend D1 ( P 3 HT : PCBM : ZnO : TiO 2 blend with ratio 1:0.35:0.175:0.175 mg in 1 ml of Chlorobenzene) is Df = 2.55 ± 0.01; and for blend D2 ( P 3 HT : PCBM : ZnO : TiO 2 blend with ratio 1:0.55:0.075:0.075 mg in 1 ml of Chlorobenzene) is Df = 2.45 ± 0.01. Denoting the ratios in 1 ml of Chlorobenzene with D1 and D2 articles. The 3D surface roughness of samples revealed a fractal structure at nanometer scale. Fractal and AFM analysis may assist manufacturers in developing ZnO : TiO 2-organic blended solar cells layers with better surface characteristics and provides different yet complementary information to that offered by traditional surface statistical parameters.

Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform and Power Spectrum for Surface Roughness in three Dimensions

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
W P Dong ◽  
K J Stout
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Fast Fourier Transform ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Extract Information

Two-dimensional power spectrums of engineering surfaces contain plenty of information that is important and valuable for surface characterization. However, the characteristics of the two-dimensional spectrums are largely unknown and the algorithm to implement them is not familiar to many engineers or researchers. This paper describes a detailed procedure to implement the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform and power spectrum for surface roughness in three dimensions. Methods used to extract information from the spectrums are introduced. In order to perform two-dimensional spectral analysis and to have a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of engineering surfaces, an atlas of the two-dimensional spectrums of representative engineering surfaces are presented. The properties of the spectrums are discussed in conjunction with theoretical analysis and visual characterization of the presented spectrums.

scholarly journals Cytocompatibility of Plasma and Thermally Treated Biopolymers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Slepička ◽  
Iva Michaljaničová ◽  
Nikola Slepičková Kasálková ◽  
Petr Sajdl ◽  
Zdeňka Kolská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Biocompatible Polymers ◽  
Surface Polarity ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation ◽  
Thermally Treated

This paper is focused on the surface characterization of plasma and consequently thermally treated biocompatible polymers. PLLA (poly(L-lactide acid) and PMP (poly-4-methyl-1-pentene) are studied. The influence of Ar plasma treatment on the surface polarity of substrate measured immediately after treatment and during the polymer surface aging is studied. Surface roughness, morphology, wettability, and surface chemistry were determined. Plasma treatment leads to significant changes in PLLA surface morphology and chemistry, with the PMP being slightly affected. The higher resistance to plasma fluence results in smaller ablation of PMP than that of PLLA. The plasma treatment improves cell adhesion and proliferation on the PMP. Plasma treatment of PLLA influences mostly the homogeneity of adhered and proliferated VSMC.

scholarly journals Laboratory Characterization of In-Service Full-Mouth Rehabilitation with Monolithic Translucent Zirconia Restorations

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1755
Author(s):  
Susana M. Salazar Marocho ◽  
Mary Beth VanLandingham ◽  
Firas Mourad ◽  
Andres Pappa ◽  
Sreenivas Koka
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Golden Proportion ◽  
Laboratory Characterization ◽  
Full Mouth Rehabilitation ◽  
Zirconia Crowns

The chance to critically and microscopically inspect the quality of bonded restorations once they are delivered to the patient after several pre-cementation steps is rare or nonexistent. Replicas of in-service restorations can provide a wealth of information on the integrity of the restorations and moreover make it possible to bring this information to the laboratory for further detailed analysis. This study aimed to characterize the epoxy replicas of 27 cemented monolithic yttria-stabilized zirconia crowns of the maxillary and mandibular arch to assess surface roughness, topography, and symmetry. The topography of the facial, lingual, and occlusal/incisal surfaces of each crown was observed under the optical microscope and further characterized using the scanning electron microscope. Surface roughness measurements were performed using the atomic force microscope. The optical microscope was used to measure the golden proportion and visible width of the anterior maxillary crowns. Surface damage consistent with unpolished adjustment was identified mostly in the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth. Other irregularities, such as scratch marks, small pits, and coarse pits were also found. The surface roughness had great variability. Not all of the anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth followed the golden proportion concept. This study design allows in vitro characterization of in-service restorations. It provides a framework for using replicas for early identification of patterns or features that can trigger fracture and for analysis of morphology and symmetry.

scholarly journals Surface characterization of polytetrafluoroethylene treated by atmospheric plasma

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Al-Maliki ◽  
Z. Károly ◽  
Sz. Klébert ◽  
G. Kalácska
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Mild Reduction ◽  
Polar Functional Groups

Polytetrafluoroethylene surface was treated by atmospheric DBD plasma for 1 min in ambient conditions. The effect of DBD plasma introduces signifi cant increasing of the surface energy (wettability) within 24 hours after treatment. However, the surface starts recovering to the original state with ageing. The surface elemental composition shows enhancing in oxygen content which suggests presenting the polar functional groups. The surface roughness exhibits a mild reduction within 24 hours after treatment. Whereas, the roughness values start to increase with the function of time.

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