Estimation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Width with Golden Proportion in Undergraduate Students

Aim: To estimate the frequency of coinciding width of maxillary front teeth and golden proportion ratio in undergraduate students. Study design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Place and Duration of Study: Department of Prosthodontics, Liaquat Medical University Hospital from June 2019 to January2020. Methodology: Total numbers of 96 students with maxillary anterior teeth were selected in this study. Appropriate size of upper maxillary impression of maxillary arch was made using alginate impression material with manufacturer prescribed instructions. The cast was retrieved between one and three hours of pouring. Digital caliper was used to measure for the spaces in the. The final recordings were entered in proforma. The data was analyzed by SPSS version-20. Results: Among the participants 65% were males and 35% females. The mean age of the participants was 21.02±1.88 years. Rate of coinciding was significantly high in 18 to 20 years of age (p=0.032).Coinciding width of maxillary anterior teeth and golden proportion ratio was significantly high in 1st year student (p=0.038) Conclusion: It was concluded that esthetics in dentistry cannot be justified mathematically and individuals should not be standardized. Whereas the dentists should follow few fundamental guidelines in the planning for esthetic treatment, it should be acknowledged that esthetics alters from person to person. That’s why it is important to consider the dento-facial specificities of every person and the inconstant natural tooth proportion during restoration or replacement of the maxillary front teeth.

Laboratory Characterization of In-Service Full-Mouth Rehabilitation with Monolithic Translucent Zirconia Restorations

The chance to critically and microscopically inspect the quality of bonded restorations once they are delivered to the patient after several pre-cementation steps is rare or nonexistent. Replicas of in-service restorations can provide a wealth of information on the integrity of the restorations and moreover make it possible to bring this information to the laboratory for further detailed analysis. This study aimed to characterize the epoxy replicas of 27 cemented monolithic yttria-stabilized zirconia crowns of the maxillary and mandibular arch to assess surface roughness, topography, and symmetry. The topography of the facial, lingual, and occlusal/incisal surfaces of each crown was observed under the optical microscope and further characterized using the scanning electron microscope. Surface roughness measurements were performed using the atomic force microscope. The optical microscope was used to measure the golden proportion and visible width of the anterior maxillary crowns. Surface damage consistent with unpolished adjustment was identified mostly in the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth. Other irregularities, such as scratch marks, small pits, and coarse pits were also found. The surface roughness had great variability. Not all of the anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth followed the golden proportion concept. This study design allows in vitro characterization of in-service restorations. It provides a framework for using replicas for early identification of patterns or features that can trigger fracture and for analysis of morphology and symmetry.

Face Proportions, and Analysis of Maxillary Anterior Teeth and Facial Proportions in a Thai Population

Background: Esthetics is the primary consideration for patients looking for prosthetic treatment. Determining the facial types of Thai populations is important because most studies conducted in Caucasian populations mention their facial types, and describe the gender comparisons, and GP of the teeth. Objectives: This study compared facial proportions, analyzed the maxillary anterior teeth proportions and determined the relationships between teeth with facial measurements using the Golden Proportion (GP) and Golden Standard (GS) in a Thai population. Methods: A total of 200 students (18-35 years) with well-aligned maxillary anterior teeth participated in this study. Face heights and widths were measured from the face using digital calipers and faces were classified as narrow, average, and broad. Teeth and face proportions were compared with GP and GS. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare maxillary anterior teeth proportions and facial proportions with different face types (α= 0.05). Pearson’s correlation was used (α= 0.05) to determine the correlation between facial proportion and teeth dimension among different facial types. Results: The findings showed 82.50% narrow face, 13.50% average, and 4% broad face among Thai subjects. No GP or GS was found in the face and anterior teeth, but teeth and face proportions other than GP and GS were found. No significant correlation was found between the Width of the Central Incisor (WCI) with interpupillary distance and alar width. Conclusion: In this study, the GP was not found in the facial and teeth proportion. The data obtained from this study may help to provide guidelines for prosthetic and orthodontic management and help to select the proper size and form of the maxillary anterior teeth to achieve proper esthetic outcomes in the Thai population.

Determination of the Vertical Dimension and the Position of the Occlusal Plane in a Removable Prosthesis Using Cephalometric Analysis and Golden Proportion

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the use and the effectiveness of cephalometry and golden proportions analysis of the face in planning prosthetic treatments in totally edentulous patients. In order to apply this method, latero-lateral and posterior-anterior X-rays must be performed in addition to the common procedure. Two main concerns for totally edentulous patients are the establishment of the vertical dimension and the new position of the occlusal plane. The divine proportion analysis was carried out by the use of a golden divider. The prosthetic protocol was divided into three steps and a case was selected for better understanding. Referring to the golden relations, if the distance from the chin to the wing of the nose is 1.0, the distance from the nose to eye is 0.618. This proportion is useful and effective in determining the correct prosthetic vertical dimension. The incisal margin of the lower incisor must be positioned between Point A (A) and protuberance menti (Pm) according to the gold ratio 0.618 of the total height A-Pm. Posteriorly the occlusal plane must be placed 2 mm below the divine occlusal plane (traced from the incisal margin of lower incisors to Xi point). A prosthesis made in accordance with cephalometric parameters and divine proportions of the face helps to improve the patient’s aesthetics, function and social personality.

Paes Go Sebagai Aplikasi Paes Pengantin Solo Putri

Pembuatan paes pengantin solo putri mempunyai tingkat kesulitan tersendiri bagi perias pemula. Untuk membuat itu diperlukan ketekunan dan ketelitian sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang proporsional dengan bentuk wajah pengantin wanita. Biometrik face recognition dapat membantu perias pemula membuat paes pengantin solo yang proporsional, cepat dan rapi. Makalah ini menjelaskan sistem biometric face recognition dalam membuat paes pengantin solo dengan tujuan mengurangi tingkat kesalahan membuat paes pengantin solo bagi perias pemula. Fitur ini menggunakan smartphone sebagai alatnya. Bentuk paes yang proporsional didapatkan dengan menggabungkan skor pencocokan biometric dari beberapa bentuk wajah yang disesuaikan berdasarkan golden proportion wajah. Dari fitur ini didapatkan ukuran paes yang disarankan untuk masing-masing orang. Ditinjau dari isi materi, kelengkapan komposisi aplikasi, dan kejelasan berada pada kategori baik. Sedangkan jika ditinjau dari aspek penampilan, warna, dan kemudahan pemakaian aplikasi paes go memperoleh kategori sangat baik.

The Beauty of Malay Woodcarving Motif Ornamentation

Woodcarving art has been bequeathed throughout the generations until present time and is a hidden heritage gem. The aim of this research was to interpret the motif of Malay woodcarving ornamentation. This was done by scrutinizing the golden proportion in the structural design of Malay woodcarving and elucidating the Malay aesthetic elements and fundamental principles of the new motif design in contemporary artwork. This research revolved around a master carver who with his own eccentric style incorporates the Malay aesthetic elements and principles into his work. In order to understand the intricate motifs of woodcarving artwork, it is vital to look at the structural motifs. Referring to Malay Arts such as Nakula, Abdullah Mohamed and Awan Larat Philosophy, each motif interpretation has its own distinctive meaning. This can serve as a guideline for any associated artwork fields, especially for an artist to create a new design by implementing depth and meaning into the whole artwork, while keeping the distinct Malay identity. Keywords: motif, Malay woodcarving, meaning

Inner Canthal Distance, Inter Pupillary Width, and Golden Proportion, as Predictors of Width of the Maxillary Central Incisors - An In Vivo Study

BACKGROUND The mesio-distal width of anterior teeth can be determined by certain anthropometric measurements of face. The inter pupillary width is a facial landmark that is stable and does not modify after the age of 14 years. This study intended to determine if any relationship exists between inner canthal distances (ICD), inter-pupillary width (IPW), and golden proportion in determining the association between them and the maxillary central incisor width (CIW). METHODS 252 adult dentate subjects of age group 18 - 26 years who were free from dentofacial deformities were evaluated in the present in vivo study. The mesiodistal measurement of each maxillary central incisor, inner canthal distance (ICD), interpupillary width (IPW) was measured. The inner canthal distance of each subject was multiplied by a decreasing function of the geometric progression value (0.618) to provide the total width of two central incisors. The product was divided by 2 to get the width of a maxillary central incisor. A 't' test was used to establish significant differences if any in the mesiodistal width of the maxillary central incisors (CIW), inner canthal distance (ICD), and inter-pupillary width (IPW). Concurrence between the measured and calculated central incisor widths was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficients. RESULTS The mean ICD of male and female subjects was 33.03 ± 3.037 mm and 30.75 ± 2.89 mm, respectively. The mean IPW of male and female subjects was 62.26 ± 2.99 mm and 58.46 ± 2.73 mm, respectively. The mean CIW of male and female subjects was 19.98 ± 1.96 mm and 18.54 ± 1.87 mm, respectively. A high correlation was found between the measured and calculated width of central incisors (r=0.954 and r=0.974 in males and females). CONCLUSIONS There is a high positive correlation between ICD and CIW and it exists in the golden proportion. On the other hand, it was seen that the IPW and CIW were not in golden proportion. The mean of calculated CIW was significantly higher compared to the measured CIW in both males and females. ICD was seen as a significant factor in determining the CIW in males and females. All the facial and dental measurements were greater for men than for women; however, no significant differences were found between sexes with respect to ICD. KEY WORDS Inner Canthal Distance (ICD), Inter Pupillary Width (IPW), Central Incisor Width (CIW), Golden Proportion