The Relationship between Entropy and the Reliability Function in Application of Physical and Statistical Approach to Nanosystems

The paper considers application of the physical and statistical approach to the issue of nanosystems reliability. A general method of solving the main equation in this approach is suggested and the solution in quadratures is obtained in one-dimensional stationary case. It is used to study the behaviour of entropy and the reliability function under certain assumptions. The cases of constant, linear, and quadratic degradation rates are analysed. In the first two cases the results correspond to physical intuition while in the last case (quadratic rate) the formal solution demonstrates counterintuitive behaviour. Numerical correlations between the distribution entropy dynamics and the reliability function are given.

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‘Each Song Was Just Like a Little Sermon’

10.1093/oso/9780198812425.003.0014 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Isaac Land

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Golden Age ◽

Military Training ◽

One Dimensional ◽

National Pride ◽

Recent Scholarship ◽

The Relationship

This chapter is central to the volume’s chronological contentions, as its argument accounts for the specialized, one-dimensional Dibdin of ‘Tom Bowling’ that has endured into recent scholarship. Focusing on Dibdin’s posthumous reception, it examines the moral and rhetorical difficulties of repackaging Dibdin’s works for a Victorian sensibility; it explores the specifics of mid-century concert culture previously highlighted by Derek Scott and William Weber as central to changes in nineteenth-century taste and programming; and it develops the theme of nostalgia into a revelatory consideration of the relationship between new naval technologies, national pride, and military training, and the songs, people, and language of a remembered Napoleonic ‘golden age’—to which Dibdin proves to have been as central, in the Victorian imagination, as Nelson.

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Effect of mechanical restraint on the rate of corrosion in concrete

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l97-042 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

N Hearn ◽

J Aiello

Keyword(s):

Mix Design ◽

Concrete Repair ◽

Accelerated Corrosion ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Mechanical Restraint ◽

Corrosion Rates ◽

Accelerated Corrosion Tests ◽

The Matrix ◽

The Relationship

Experimental work on prismatic concrete specimens was conducted to determine the relationship between mechanical restraint and the rate of corrosion. The current together with the changes in strain of the confining frame were monitored during the accelerated corrosion tests. The effect of mix design and cracking on the corrosion rates was also investigated. The results show that one-dimensional mechanical restraint retards the corrosion process, as indicated by the reduction in the steel loss. Improved quality of the matrix, with and without cracking, reduces the rate of steel loss. In the inferior quality concrete, the effect of cracking on the corrosion rate is minimal.Key words: corrosion, concrete, repair.

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Assessment of Urban Thermal Field Variance Index and defining the relationship between land cover and surface temperature in Chattogram city: A remote sensing and statistical approach

Environmental Challenges ◽

10.1016/j.envc.2021.100107 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100107

Author(s):

Md. Nazmul Huda Naim ◽

Abdulla- Al Kafy

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Cover ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Thermal Field ◽

Statistical Approach ◽

The Relationship ◽

Variance Index

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A Novel Approach to the Analysis of the Soil Consolidation Problem by Using Non-Classical Rheological Schemes

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11051980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1980

Author(s):

Kazimierz Józefiak ◽

Artur Zbiciak ◽

Karol Brzeziński ◽

Maciej Maślakowski

Keyword(s):

Constitutive Models ◽

Organic Soil ◽

Organic Soils ◽

Soil Consolidation ◽

Flexible Tool ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Soil Skeleton ◽

The One ◽

The Relationship

The paper presents classical and non-classical rheological schemes used to formulate constitutive models of the one-dimensional consolidation problem. The authors paid special attention to the secondary consolidation effects in organic soils as well as the soil over-consolidation phenomenon. The systems of partial differential equations were formulated for every model and solved numerically to obtain settlement curves. Selected numerical results were compared with standard oedometer laboratory test data carried out by the authors on organic soil samples. Additionally, plasticity phenomenon and non-classical rheological elements were included in order to take into account soil over-consolidation behaviour in the one-dimensional settlement model. A new way of formulating constitutive equations for the soil skeleton and predicting the relationship between the effective stress and strain or void ratio was presented. Rheological structures provide a flexible tool for creating complex constitutive relationships of soil.

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Estimation for Two-Dimensional Nonsymmetric Coherently Distributed Source in L-Shaped Arrays

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation ◽

10.1155/2018/5247919 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Tao Wu ◽

Zhenghong Deng ◽

Qingyue Gu ◽

Jiwei Xu

Keyword(s):

Expectation Maximization ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Signal Distribution ◽

Distributed Source ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Least Squares Estimators ◽

Iterative Calculation ◽

Symmetric Source ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

We explore the estimation of a two-dimensional (2D) nonsymmetric coherently distributed (CD) source using L-shaped arrays. Compared with a symmetric source, the modeling and estimation of a nonsymmetric source are more practical. A nonsymmetric CD source is established through modeling the deterministic angular signal distribution function as a summation of Gaussian probability density functions. Parameter estimation of the nonsymmetric distributed source is proposed under an expectation maximization (EM) framework. The proposed EM iterative calculation contains three steps in each cycle. Firstly, the nominal azimuth angles and nominal elevation angles of Gaussian components in the nonsymmetric source are obtained from the relationship of rotational invariance matrices. Then, angular spreads can be solved through one-dimensional (1D) searching based on nominal angles. Finally, the powers of Gaussian components are obtained by solving least-squares estimators. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the nonsymmetric CD model and estimation technique.

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Parent-Child Profile Similarity and Aggression: A Preliminary Study

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1966.18.2.440 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 440-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

James Neal Butcher ◽

David M. Messick

Keyword(s):

Teacher Ratings ◽

Adolescent Aggression ◽

Profile Similarity ◽

Child Personality ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Personality Similarity ◽

The Relationship ◽

Mmpi Profile ◽

General Method ◽

Parent Child

This investigation was directed toward studying the relationship between parent-child personality similarity and adolescent aggression and to illustrate the utility of a general method of assessing profile similarity suggested by Overall (1964). Peer and teacher ratings of aggression were used to group eighth-grade boys on manifest aggression. Ss and their parents (volunteers) were administered the MMPI. The d∗ measure of dissimilarity was used to compare parent-child profile configurations in the three aggression groups. Although the small and biased sample preclude major conclusions, the results support the use of the d∗ statistic for assessing MMPI profile similarity and suggest that further work in the area of parent-child personality similarity might be fruitful.

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Land subsidence and hydrodynamic compaction of sedimentary basins

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-2-159-1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 2 (2/3) ◽

pp. 159-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

H. Kooi ◽

J. J. de Vries

Keyword(s):

Response Time ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Sedimentary Basins ◽

Sediment Loading ◽

Dimensional Model ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Model Equations ◽

Sediment Layers ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. A one-dimensional model is used to investigate the relationship between land subsidence and compaction of basin sediments in response to sediment loading. Analysis of the model equations and numerical experiments demonstrate quasi-linear systems behaviour and show that rates of land subsidence due to compaction: (i) can attain a significant fraction (>40%) of the long-term sedimentation rate; (ii) are hydrodynamically delayed with respect to sediment loading. The delay is controlled by a compaction response time τc that can reach values of 10-5-107 yr for thick shale sequences. Both the behaviour of single sediment layers and multiple-layer systems are analysed. Subsequently the model is applied to the coastal area of the Netherlands to illustrate that lateral variability in compaction-derived land subsidence in sedimentary basins largely reflects the spatial variability in both sediment loading and compaction response time. Typical rates of compaction-derived subsidence predicted by the model are of the order of 0.1 mm/yr but may reach values in excess of 1 mm/yr under favourable conditions.

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In vitro estimation of rumen fermentable organic matter using enzymes

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v44i2.550 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.W. Cone ◽

A.H. Van Gelder ◽

A.M. Van Vuuren

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Fermentation Products ◽

In Situ Method ◽

Degradation Rates ◽

Digestible Organic Matter ◽

Similar Accuracy ◽

The Relationship

The amount of rumen fermentable organic matter (FOM) can be calculated using tables, taking into account the amount of digestible organic matter, the content of fat and fermentation products, and the amount of starch and protein escaping rumen fermentation, or FOM can be calculated using in situ incubations. An in vitro method is described to predict FOM using amylase and other carbohydrate degrading enzymes. FOM estimated by the enzymic method showed a moderate correlation (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.71) with FOM estimated by the in situ method. The relationship could be improved by separating the high crude fibre samples (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.88) from the other samples (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.77). Because degradation rates with the enzymic method were high compared with the assumed rumen passage rates, it proved that FOM could be predicted with a similar accuracy (Rsuperscript 2 = 0.76 - 0.80) by the undegraded fraction after 24 h.

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Investigating two kinds of cellular alternans and corresponding TWA induced by impaired calcium cycling in myocardial ischemia

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering ◽

10.3934/mbe.2021379 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 7648-7665

Author(s):

Jiaqi Liu ◽

◽

Zhenyin Fu ◽

Yinglan Gong ◽

Ling Xia

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Conduction Velocity ◽

Ionic Channel ◽

Calcium Cycling ◽

One Dimensional ◽

T Wave ◽

Cell Simulation ◽

T Wave Alternans ◽

Dimensional Simulation ◽

The Relationship

<abstract> <sec><title>Background</title>The utility of T wave alternans (TWA) in identifying arrhythmia risk has been demonstrated. During myocardial ischemia (MI), TWA could be induced by cellular alternans. However, the relationship between cellular alternans patterns and TWA patterns in MI has not been investigated thoroughly. </sec> <sec><title>Methods</title>We set MI conditions to simulate alternans. Either prolonging Ca2+ release or increasing spark-induced sparks (secondary sparks) can give rise to different patterns of APD alternans and TWA. In addition, different ischemic zones and reduced conduction velocity are also considered in one dimensional simulation. </sec> <sec><title>Results</title>Delay of Ca2+ release can produce discordant Ca2+-driven alternans in single cell simulation. Increasing secondary sparks leads to concordant alternans. Correspondingly, morphology and magnitude of TWA vary in two different cellular alternans. Epi ischemia results in alternans concentrating in the first half of T wave. Endo and transmural ischemia lead to fluctuations in the second half of T wave. In addition, slowing conduction velocity has no effect on TWA magnitude. </sec> <sec><title>Conclusion</title>Specific ionic channel dysfunction and ischemic zones affect TWA patterns. </sec> </abstract>

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