scholarly journals Comprehensive Review of Cardiovascular Involvement in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e19
Author(s):  
Ruff Joseph Macale Cajanding
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement ◽  
Disease Causation ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Clinically Significant

COVID-19 has emerged as one of the most devastating and clinically significant infectious diseases of the last decade. It has reached global pandemic status at an unprecedented pace and has placed significant demands on health care systems worldwide. Although COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, epidemiologic reports have shown that the disease affects other vital organs of the body, including the heart, vasculature, kidneys, brain, and the hematopoietic system. Of importance is the emerging awareness of the effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system. The current state of knowledge regarding cardiac involvement in COVID-19 is presented in this article, with particular focus on the cardiovascular manifestations and complications of COVID-19 infection. The mechanistic insights of disease causation and the relevant pathophysiology involved in COVID-19 as they affect the heart are explored and described. Relevant practice essentials and clinical management implications for patients with COVID-19 with a cardiac pathology are presented in light of recent evidence.

scholarly journals About Psychological Adaptation of Medical Universities Students to the Process of Distance Learning During the Pandemic of the New Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Valerievich Sudakov ◽  
Oleg Valerievich Sudakov ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna Iakusheva ◽  
Artiom Nikolaevich Shevtsov ◽  
Evgenii Vladimirovich Belov
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Almost All

This work is devoted to some aspects of the psychological adaptation of students of a medical university to the distance learning process during a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection. The presented research is relevant for several reasons, the leading of which are: the ongoing reform of the education and health care systems in our country – both of which affect students of medical universities and various aspects of their educational activities, including their psychological adaptation to it; as well as the global pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 that emerged in 2020, as a result of which, almost all scientists at various levels around the world were forced to switch to distance learning. The purpose of this work was to identify and analyze some elements of psychological adaptation of students directly to the distance learning process. The objects of the study were 200 men and women, students of the medical faculty. A certain interest in the study is also due to the fact that the same students were involved in it for 2 semesters (spring and autumn) of 2020. In order to track the development of their possible adaptation mechanisms to distance learning, the level of anxiety, both personal and situational, was determined; identified various depressive states; determined the reasons for the main fears and concerns, both directly to the period of an unfavorable epidemiological situation, and to the distance learning process itself. The main points of psychological adaptation were identified, with the identification of factors contributing to them. This work is of certain interest for all higher school teachers involved in the educational process with students, as well as for psychologists and all kinds of researchers dealing with the psychological health of students.

Developing and Testing a Chart Abstraction Tool for ICU Quality Measurement

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarone Lee ◽  
J. Matthew Austin ◽  
Jungyeon Kim ◽  
Paola D. Miralles ◽  
Haytham M. A. Kaafarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Clinical Area ◽  
Chart Abstraction ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Specific Outcome ◽  
Clinically Significant

Quality measures are increasingly used to measure the performance of providers, hospitals, and health care systems. Intensive care units (ICUs) are an important clinical area in hospitals, given that they generate high costs and present high risks to patients. Yet, currently, few valid and clinically significant ICU-specific outcome measures are reported nationally. This study reports on the creation and evaluation of new abstraction tools that evaluate ICU patients for the following clinically important outcomes: central line–associated bloodstream infection, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, gastrointestinal bleed, and pressure ulcer. To allow ICUs and institutions to compare their outcomes, the tools include risk-adjustment variables that can be abstracted from the chart.

Health Care as Vocation? Practicing Faithfully in an Age of Disenchantment

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Warren A Kinghorn
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
The Face ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Best Offer

AbstractIn his 1917 lecture “Science as a Vocation,” Max Weber challenged current and aspiring scholars to abandon any pretense that science (Wissenschaft) bears within itself any meaning. In a disenchanted age, he argued, science could at best offer “knowledge of the techniques whereby we can control life . . . through calculation,” and any meaning or moral direction to scientific research—including religious meaning—must be imposed on it from without. Weber presciently anticipated that many present-day health care practitioners would struggle to find meaning for their work within complex “state-capitalist” health care systems, along with predictable quasi-religious responses. But how are Christian practitioners to practice faithfully in a disenchanted age? The authors of this special issue lean deeply into the loci of Christian theology and Christian practice, some challenging the views of the body and of nature that informed Weber’s theory of disenchantment, and all offering resources and paths by which practitioners might “look the fate of the age full in the face” with courage and wisdom.

scholarly journals Transitioning the Adolescent with IBD from Pediatric to Adult Care: A Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Bollegala ◽  
Geoffrey C. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Transitional Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Current State ◽  
Child Centered ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has increased in pediatric populations over the last decade. Patients diagnosed during childhood often survive well into adulthood, and therefore their healthcare requires transfer to an adult gastroenterologist, usually at age 18 years. Transition has been defined in the literature as the “purposeful planned movement of adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions from child-centered to adult-oriented health care systems” (Blum et al., 1993). The purpose of this review is to establish the current state of knowledge regarding the transition from pediatric to adult care in IBD. This review highlights that developmentally appropriate transitional care is now recognized as a healthcare priority and thoughtful targeted intervention is needed.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and the Possible Connection to ERs, ACE2 and RAGE: Focus on Susceptibility Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sessa Stilhano ◽  
Angelica Jardim Costa ◽  
Michelle Sayuri Nishino ◽  
Shahin Shams ◽  
Cynthia Silva Bartolomeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Viral Receptor ◽  
Current State ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Host Infection

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has provoked major stresses on the health care systems of several countries, and caused the death of more than a quarter of a million people globally, mainly in the elderly population with pre-existing pathologies. Previous studies with coronavirus (SARS-CoV) point to gender differences in infection and disease progression with increased susceptibility in male patients, indicating that estrogens may be associated with physiological protection against the coronavirus. Therefore, the objectives of this work are threefold. First, we aim to summarize the SARS-CoV-2 infection pathway and the roles both the virus and patient play in COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) progression, clinical symptomology, and mortality. Second, we detail the effect estrogen has on viral infection and host infection response, including its role in both the regulation of key viral receptor expression and the mediation of inflammatory activity. Finally, we describe how ERs (estrogen receptors) and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) play a critical role in metabolic pathways, which we envisage could maintain a close interplay with SARS-CoV and COVID-19 mortality rates, despite a current lack of research directly determining how. Taken together, we present the current state of the field regarding SARS-CoV-2 research and illuminate where research is needed to better define the role both estrogen and metabolic comorbidities have in the COVID-19 disease state, which can be key in screening potential therapeutic options as the search for effective treatments continue.

scholarly journals When Public Policy Is Guided by Misinformation: A Case Study in the Consequences of Fake News

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickey Keenan ◽  
Karola Dillenburger
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Uk

Since autism was first recognised, prevalence has increased rapidly. The growing economic as well as social cost to society can only be mitigated by effective interventions and supports. It is therefore not surprising that most governments have developed public policy documents to address the management of autism. Over the past 40-50 years, meaningful evidence has accrued showing that interventions based on the scientific discipline of Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) can help people with autism reach their potential. In view of this, nearly all of North America has laws to mandate that ABA-based interventions are available through the health care systems. In contrast, across Europe there are no such laws. In fact, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the body guiding health and social policy in the UK, concluded that it could not find any evidence to support ABA, and therefore could not recommend it. This paper addresses the reasons for these diametrically opposed perspectives. In particular, it examines what happens when health and social care policy is misinformed about effective autism intervention.

scholarly journals 1419 Targeted Use of Physiotherapy Resources in The COVID Era: How Does Face to Face Physiotherapy Compare with Simple Advice Sheets After Manipulation Under Anaesthetic for Frozen Shoulder?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Castelhano ◽  
J Woods ◽  
H Akehurst ◽  
A Mitra ◽  
M James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Shoulder Scores ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction This study compares two pathways for patients undergoing MUA for FS, one where physiotherapy advice is only given to the patient (Group 1), and the other where supervised hydrotherapy and physiotherapy occur post operatively (Group 2). Method A descriptive analysis of pre- and post-operative Oxford Shoulder Scores and change scores were performed. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to measure the effect of physiotherapy on post-operative OSS, with pre-operative OSS as the only covariate. Results The results for post-operative OSS were significantly greater for Group 2 than for Group 1 (40.7 for NHS and 44.7 for private, improvement of 17.32 for NHS and 18.23 for Private). The effect of physiotherapy was significant (p < 0.001). The estimated effect of physiotherapy on postoperative OSS was an increase of 3.2 (95% confidence interval 1.5 – 4.8). Conclusions We detected a statistically significant increase in post-operative OSS in patients treated for frozen shoulder with MUA + physiotherapy compared with patients receiving MUA plus advice alone. These results suggest that physiotherapy does confer a real benefit, however the increased OSS is below the clinically significant level. Therefore, in a resource poor environment, such as may exist during and after COVID in many health care systems, MUA plus physio advice alone gives an excellent outcome for the treatment of FS.

scholarly journals Safely Administering Potential QTc Prolonging Therapy Across a Large Health Care System in the COVID-19 Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Saleh ◽  
James Gabriels ◽  
David Chang ◽  
Joanna Fishbein ◽  
Michael Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Provider ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Torsade De Pointes ◽  
Qt Prolongation ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Care Systems

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARs-CoV-2) has resulted in a global pandemic. Hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin have been widely used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite a paucity of evidence regarding efficacy. The incidence of torsade de pointes remains unknown. Widespread use of these medications forced overwhelmed health care systems to search for ways to effectively monitor these patients while simultaneously trying to minimize health care provider exposure and use of personal protective equipment. Methods: Patients with COVID-19 positive who received hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin across 13 hospitals between March 1 and April 15 were included in this study. A comprehensive search of the electronic medical records was performed using a proprietary python script to identify any mention of QT prolongation, ventricular tachy-arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Results: The primary outcome of torsade de pointes was observed in 1 (0.015%) out of 6476 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 receiving hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin. Sixty-seven (1.03%) had hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin held or discontinued due to an average QT prolongation of 60.5±40.5 ms from a baseline QTc of 473.7±35.9 ms to a peak QTc of 532.6±31.6 ms. Of these patients, hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin were discontinued in 58 patients (86.6%), while one or more doses of therapy were held in the remaining nine (13.4%). A simplified approach to monitoring for QT prolongation and arrythmia was implemented on April 5. There were no deaths related to the medications with the simplified monitoring approach and health care provider exposure was reduced. Conclusions: The risk of torsade de pointes is low in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 receiving hydroxychloroquine±azithromycin therapy.

18 Manipulation Under Anaesthetic for Frozen Shoulder: Does Post-Operative Supervised Physiotherapy Affect the Outcome?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Castelhano ◽  
J Woods ◽  
H Akehurst ◽  
A Mitra ◽  
M James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Shoulder Scores ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction This study compares two pathways for patients undergoing MUA for FS, one where physiotherapy advice is only given to the patient (Group 1), and the other where supervised hydrotherapy and physiotherapy occur post operatively (Group 2). Method A descriptive analysis of pre- and post-operative Oxford Shoulder Scores and change scores were performed. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to measure the effect of physiotherapy on post-operative OSS, with pre-operative OSS as the only covariate. Results The results for post-operative OSS were significantly greater for Group 2 than for Group 1 (40.7 for NHS and 44.7 for private, improvement of 17.32 for NHS and 18.23 for Private). The estimated effect of physiotherapy on postoperative OSS was an increase of 3.2 (95% confidence interval 1.5 – 4.8). Conclusions We detected a statistically significant increase in post-operative OSS in patients treated for frozen shoulder with MUA + physiotherapy compared with patients receiving MUA plus advice alone. These results suggest that physiotherapy does confer a real benefit, however the increased OSS is below the clinically significant level. Therefore, in a resource poor environment, such as may exist after COVID in many health care systems, MUA plus physio advice alone gives an excellent outcome for the treatment of FS.

scholarly journals The Application of Nanotechnology for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Diseases and Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi ◽  
Yi-Zhen Wang ◽  
Lei Qian ◽  
Yasmeen Ahmed Saleheldin Hassan Helmy ◽  
Bright Anyomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Research ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
The Brain

Brain is by far the most complex organ in the body. It is involved in the regulation of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional activities. The organ is also a target for many diseases and disorders ranging from injuries to cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Brain diseases are the main causes of disability and one of the leading causes of deaths. Several drugs that have shown potential in improving brain structure and functioning in animal models face many challenges including the delivery, specificity, and toxicity. For many years, researchers have been facing challenge of developing drugs that can cross the physical (blood–brain barrier), electrical, and chemical barriers of the brain and target the desired region with few adverse events. In recent years, nanotechnology emerged as an important technique for modifying and manipulating different objects at the molecular level to obtain desired features. The technique has proven to be useful in diagnosis as well as treatments of brain diseases and disorders by facilitating the delivery of drugs and improving their efficacy. As the subject is still hot, and new research findings are emerging, it is clear that nanotechnology could upgrade health care systems by providing easy and highly efficient diagnostic and treatment methods. In this review, we will focus on the application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases and disorders by illuminating the potential of nanoparticles.

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