DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT AND NYMPHAL POPULATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS), L. ELISUS VAN DUZEE, AND L. BOREALIS (KELTON) (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN RELATION TO SEEDING DATE AND STAGE OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT ON CANOLA (BRASSICACEAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Leferink ◽  
G.H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe development of adult and nymphal populations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), L. elisus Van Duzee, and L. borealis (Kelton) was studied in relation to seeding date and stage of plant development in four seedings of canola (cv. Westar) in field plots at Glenlea, Manitoba, in 1988 and 1989. Lygus lineolaris was the dominant species in all seedings and in both years. Colonizing adults (first-generation adults) of the three Lygus spp. first invaded the plots at about the same time from the late rosette to the early flowering stages of plant development, and Lygus adult numbers reached maxima during flowering in all seedings. The stage of plant development, and not seeding date, was important in attracting colonizing adults of Lygus to canola. Second-generation nymphs first appeared at the flowering stage of canola. All nymphal instars reached maxima and median abundances during the late flowering and pod development stages in all seedings. Second-generation adults were present from early to late pod development stages. Median abundances of second-generation adults of L. lineolaris, L. elisus, and L. borealis usually were reached at the same plant growth stage in each seeding.

SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND NUMBER OF GENERATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS AND L. BOREALIS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Gerber ◽  
I.L. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe seasonal occurrence and number of generations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) were studied on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in field plots at Winnipeg, Manitoba, and in commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields throughout the agricultural areas of Manitoba in 1990–1993. Lygus borealis (Kelton) was studied only during 1993. Lygus lineolaris had two non-overlapping generations in southern Manitoba. Overwintered adults migrated onto host plants during die first 3 weeks of May, and females containing chorionated eggs were found in relatively small numbers for 5–6 weeks until the last 3 weeks of June. First-generation nymphs were present from the last half of May until the last half of July. During the last 2 weeks of June, the overwintered adults disappeared suddenly and were replaced completely by first-generation adults. First-generation adults eclosed during the last 2 weeks of June and in July, and first-generation females containing chorionated eggs were present for about 6–7 weeks until mid-August. Second-generation nymphs first appeared in late July or early August and most completed development by the end of September. Second-generation adults were found from the first half of August until they hibernated in October and November. Most second-generation females contained previtellogenic eggs and. therefore, were in reproductive diapause. In 3 of the 4 years, the overwintered adults appeared to include all second-generation adults plus 0–20% of the first-generation adults. The data from commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields indicated that the seasonal occurrence of L. lineolaris was relatively uniform in most or all agricultural areas of Manitoba. Lygus lineolaris has one generation (the second generation) on oilseed rape, and the eclosion and dispersal of reproductively active first-generation adults were well synchronized with the bud and flower stages of this host plant in southern Manitoba. In 1993, L. borealis had two generations and its seasonal occurrence was similar to that of L. lineolaris.

Field evaluation of the suitability of four Brassica and two Sinapis species (Brassicaceae) as host plants of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Field Plots

The relative suitability of Sinapis alba L., Sinapis arvensis L., Brassica carinata A. Braun, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern, Brassica napus L., and Brassica rapa L. as host plants for Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) was measured by comparing the numbers of colonizing adults (first generation), nymphs (second generation), and new-generation adults (second generation) on these species in field plots during flowering and seed development in July and August 1994. The mean numbers of first-generation adults and second-generation nymphs were not significantly different on the six species of Brassica and Sinapis. The mean number of second-generation adults differed significantly on these species, but the differences were relatively small. The results indicate that the six species of Brassica and Sinapis tested are suitable host plants of L. lineolaris and have similar levels of suitability. Key words: Insecta, Miridae, Lygus lineolaris, host plants, Brassica, Sinapis

PARASITISM OF THE ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH, GRAPHOLITHA MOLESTA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN AN UNSPRAYED PEACH ORCHARD ON THE NIAGARA PENINSULA, ONTARIO

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. H. Phillips ◽  
Jean R. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Grapholitha Molesta ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Peach Orchard

Abstract Eight species of insects parasitic on the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), were reared from host larvae collected in a peach orchard that was unsprayed since 1962. Macrocentrus ancylivorus Rohwer was the dominant species and parasitized between 40 and 50% of first and second generation larvae from 1964 to 1966. Despite this the parasite did not appear to be a controlling factor in these years and population fluctuations of the fruit moth resulted from other causes. In 1967 parasitism rose sharply to 61% in the first generation and 74% in the second. Low adult emergence in the second generation was related directly to the increased parasitism. Effectiveness of the parasite depended both on its numbers and degree of synchronization with the development of the moth population. To determine its total effect parasitism must be measured throughout each generation of the fruit moth, because in most years it tended to reach a maximum early in the generation and then gradually decline.

DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF LYGUS SPP. (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON ALFALFA AND CANOLA IN MANITOBAf

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Timlick ◽  
W.J. Turnock ◽  
I. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Physiographic Regions

AbstractLygus species were sampled from alfalfa and canola fields in Manitoba from 1988 to 1990. Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), L. borealis (Knight), and L. elisus (Van Duzee) were found consistently throughout the agricultural area. The relative abundance of these species varied among crops, physiographic regions, years, and date of collection. The most abundant species in alfalfa and canola fields tended to be L. borealis in the north and west, L. elisus in the south, and L. lineolaris in the east. Each of the species was the most abundant in some collections, however L. borealis tended to be more abundant in alfalfa and L. lineolaris and L. elisus in canola. First-generation nymphs of Lygus species were found on alfalfa and those of the second generation on canola.

Do remittances differ depending on migration pathway and length of stay?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Anita Pugliese ◽  
Julie Ray ◽  
Neli Esipova
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

This paper reports the results from Gallup’s global analysis of the likelihood of first-generation migrants, second-generation migrants and the native-born to send financial help in the form of money or goods to others inside or outside their respective country of residence. The findings in this paper are based on more than 450,000 interviews conducted through Gallup’s World Poll in 157 countries in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The sample includes more than 26,000 first-generation migrants and more than 20,000 second-generation migrants. The large sample enables Gallup to analyze first-generation migrants by the duration of their stay in their adopted country and compare their remittance behaviors with second-generation migrants and the native-born.

Marcuse and Habermas's Political Ideas in English

2019 ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Asaad Abdullwahab AbdulKarim ◽  
Waleed Massaher Hamad ◽  
Salah Ibrahim Hamadi
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Important Impact

Abstract     The Frankfurt School is characterized by its critical nature and it is the result of the Marxist socialist thought as it contributed to the development of the German thought in particular and the Western thought in general through important ideas put forward by a number of pioneers in the various generations of the school and most notably through the leading pioneer in the first generation, Marcuse, and the leading pioneer of the second  generation, Habermas, whose political ideas had an important impact on global thinking and later became the basis of the attic of many critical ideas. In spite of the belief of the school members in the idea of the criticism of power and community, each had his own ideas that distinguish him from the others.

Pharmakotherapie update

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Gerd Laux
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Therapeutische Maßnahmen ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

Für die Therapie schizophrener Erkrankungen sind seit fast 60 Jahren Antipsychotika/Neuroleptika aufgrund ihrer antipsychotischen Wirkung von zentraler Bedeutung. Die Einteilung kann unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten erfolgen (chemische Struktur, neuroleptische Potenz, Rezeptorprofil), heute werden üblicherweise unterschieden typische (traditionelle, klassische, konventionelle) Antipsychotika der ersten Generation ‒ »First Generation Antipsychotics« (FGA) ‒ und sog. atypische (»neuere«) Neuroleptika bzw. Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation ‒»Second Generation Antipsychotics« (SGA). Hierzu zählen Aripiprazol, Asenapin, Cariprazin, Clozapin, Olanzapin, Quetiapin, Risperidon, Sertindol und Ziprasidon. Hierbei handelt es sich um keine homogene Gruppe – sowohl neuropharmakologisch (Wirkmechanismus), als auch hinsichtlich klinischem Wirkprofil und dem Nebenwirkungsspektrum bestehen z. T. erhebliche Unterschiede. Neben der Akut-Medikation ist eine Langzeitmedikation bzw. Rezidivprophylaxe mit Antipsychotika für die Rehabilitation vieler schizophrener Patienten im Sinne eines »Stresspuffers« von grundlegender Bedeutung. In Placebo-kontrollierten Studien trat bei Patienten, die über ein Jahr behandelt wurden, bei etwa 30% unter Neuroleptika ein Rezidiv auf, unter Placebo bei mehr als 70%. Für die Langzeitbehandlung bietet sich der Einsatz von Depot-Neuroleptika an, neu entwickelt wurden Langzeit-Depot-Injektionen mit Intervallen von bis zu 3 Monaten. Grundsätzlich ist die niedrigstmögliche (wirksame) Dosis zu verwenden. Im Zentrum der Nebenwirkungen (UAW) standen lange Zeit extrapyramidal-motorische Bewegungsstörungen (EPMS), mit der Einführung von Clozapin und anderen atypischen Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation gewannen andere Nebenwirkungen an Bedeutung. Hierzu zählen Gewichtszunahme, Störungen metabolischer Parameter und ein erhöhtes Risiko für Mortalität und zerebrovaskuläre Ereignisse bei älteren Patienten mit Demenz. Entsprechende Kontrolluntersuchungen sind erforderlich, für Clozapin gibt es aufgrund seines Agranulozytose-Risikos Sonderbestimmungen. Immer sollte ein Gesamtbehandlungsplan orientiert an der neuen S3-Praxisleitlinie Schizophrenie der DGPPN aufgestellt werden, der psychologische und milieu-/sozial-therapeutische Maßnahmen einschließt. Standard ist heute auch eine sog. Psychoedukation, für Psychopharmaka liegen bewährte Patienten-Ratgeber vor.

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