DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF LYGUS SPP. (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON ALFALFA AND CANOLA IN MANITOBAf

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.H. Timlick ◽  
W.J. Turnock ◽  
I. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Physiographic Regions

AbstractLygus species were sampled from alfalfa and canola fields in Manitoba from 1988 to 1990. Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), L. borealis (Knight), and L. elisus (Van Duzee) were found consistently throughout the agricultural area. The relative abundance of these species varied among crops, physiographic regions, years, and date of collection. The most abundant species in alfalfa and canola fields tended to be L. borealis in the north and west, L. elisus in the south, and L. lineolaris in the east. Each of the species was the most abundant in some collections, however L. borealis tended to be more abundant in alfalfa and L. lineolaris and L. elisus in canola. First-generation nymphs of Lygus species were found on alfalfa and those of the second generation on canola.

SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND NUMBER OF GENERATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS AND L. BOREALIS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Gerber ◽  
I.L. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe seasonal occurrence and number of generations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) were studied on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in field plots at Winnipeg, Manitoba, and in commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields throughout the agricultural areas of Manitoba in 1990–1993. Lygus borealis (Kelton) was studied only during 1993. Lygus lineolaris had two non-overlapping generations in southern Manitoba. Overwintered adults migrated onto host plants during die first 3 weeks of May, and females containing chorionated eggs were found in relatively small numbers for 5–6 weeks until the last 3 weeks of June. First-generation nymphs were present from the last half of May until the last half of July. During the last 2 weeks of June, the overwintered adults disappeared suddenly and were replaced completely by first-generation adults. First-generation adults eclosed during the last 2 weeks of June and in July, and first-generation females containing chorionated eggs were present for about 6–7 weeks until mid-August. Second-generation nymphs first appeared in late July or early August and most completed development by the end of September. Second-generation adults were found from the first half of August until they hibernated in October and November. Most second-generation females contained previtellogenic eggs and. therefore, were in reproductive diapause. In 3 of the 4 years, the overwintered adults appeared to include all second-generation adults plus 0–20% of the first-generation adults. The data from commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields indicated that the seasonal occurrence of L. lineolaris was relatively uniform in most or all agricultural areas of Manitoba. Lygus lineolaris has one generation (the second generation) on oilseed rape, and the eclosion and dispersal of reproductively active first-generation adults were well synchronized with the bud and flower stages of this host plant in southern Manitoba. In 1993, L. borealis had two generations and its seasonal occurrence was similar to that of L. lineolaris.

scholarly journals The Great Migration and Residential Segregation in American Cities during the Twentieth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Leibbrand ◽  
Catherine Massey ◽  
J. Trent Alexander ◽  
Katie R. Genadek ◽  
Stewart Tolnay
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
The South ◽  
Racial Residential Segregation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Great Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
American Cities

ABSTRACTThe Great Migration from the South and the rise of racial residential segregation strongly shaped the twentieth-century experience of African Americans. Yet, little attention has been devoted to how the two phenomena were linked, especially with respect to the individual experiences of the migrants. We address this gap by using novel data that links individual records from the complete-count 1940 Census to those in the 2000 Census long form, in conjunction with information about the level of racial residential segregation in metropolitan areas in 1940 and 2000. We first consider whether migrants from the South and their children experienced higher or lower levels of segregation in 1940 relative to their counterparts who were born in the North or who remained in the South. Next, we extend our analysis to second-generation Great Migration migrants and their segregation outcomes by observing their location in 2000. Additionally, we assess whether second-generation migrants experience larger decreases in their exposure to segregation as their socioeconomic status increases relative to their southern and/or northern stayer counterparts. Our study significantly advances our understanding of the Great Migration and the “segregated century.”

THE EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES ON THE SEASONAL PHENOLOGY OF THE CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl ◽  
B. A. Croft
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Geographic Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Seasonal Heat

AbstractThe photoperiodic reaction in North American codling moth populations displayed clinal-type variation similar to populations in Europe. A latitudinal shift of 10° to the north corresponded to an increase of 1.25 h in the critical photoperiod. Intrapopulation variance in diapause response appeared to be similar in populations of different origin. The critical photoperiod was not constant for a geographic population but varied between years probably due to the modifying effect of prediapause temperatures. In Michigan and other areas in the northeastern United States with similar climate the codling moth is essentially bivoltine with considerable yearly variability in second generation emergence. A graphic model is presented which gives an estimate of voltinism and the proportion of diapausing first-generation larvae based on the seasonal heat unit total at the time of diapause initiation. From an analysis of original data and historical phenological records an algorithm was developed which describes the relationship between effective temperatures and the variance of second generation emergence and which can predict population curves for climatically different years. Use of this predictive method in conjunction with monitoring information provided by a pheromone trap is discussed.

PHENOLOGY OF THE HOMOPTERAN COMPLEX ON ORNAMENTAL HONEYLOCUST IN OHIO, WITH NOTES ON HOST IMPACT1

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
David G. Nielsen ◽  
T. Davis Sydnor
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Empoasca Fabae ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Alternate Hosts ◽  
Gleditsia Triacanthos ◽  
Collection Data

Phenology and relative abundance of the homopteran complex, including Macropsis fumipennis (Gillete and Baker), Stragania alabamensis (Baker), Empoasca fabae (Harris), Erythroneura clavata DeLong (Cicadellidae), and Micrutalis calva (Say) (Membracidae), were monitored on ornamental honeylocust, Gleditsia triacanthos L., near Wooster, Ohio. M. fumipennis, the most abundant species, completed its life cycle by late July. S. alabamensis was present from just after budbreak until frost, with collection data suggesting it is bivoltine. E. fabae and E. clavata adults were present from mid-June to early October. M. calva nymphs emerged in the spring and adults disappeared by mid-July, returning to honeylocust in early September. A second generation may develop on alternate hosts in summer. Observed foliar injury is attributed to the sympatric honeylocust plant bug, Diaphnocoris chlorionis (Say) (Hemiptera: Miridae), and not the homopterans reported here.

Variation of Lygus species assemblages in canola agroecosystems in relation to ecoregion and crop stage

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Cárcamo ◽  
J. Otani ◽  
C. Herle ◽  
M. Dolinski ◽  
L. Dosdall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Species Assemblages ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Boreal Plains ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Proportions

AbstractPlant bugs in the genus Lygus (Hahn) (Hemiptera: Miridae) are sporadic pests of canola, Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae) and Brassica rapa L., in western Canada and infestations appear to have become increasingly common and severe in recent years. Surveys conducted from 1998 to 2000 identified a "northern" assemblage in the boreal ecoregion that was dominated by Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), with minor representation of Lygus borealis (Kelton), Lygus elisus (Van Duzee), and Lygus keltoni (Schwartz). A "southern" assemblage in the grassland ecoregions was dominated by L. keltoni, with a substantial abundance of L. elisus and L. borealis and with few L. lineolaris in the driest areas. The assemblage from the parkland ecoregion was variable but with few L. elisus. The boreal plains and parkland ecoregions of Alberta had the most serious and persistent infestations of Lygus spp. Relative species composition of the Lygus assemblage at the bolting stage was not related to the overall abundance of these bugs at the early pod stage. Lygus species assemblages were similar in terms of composition and relative abundance at the bolting and early pod stages of canola. A shift in species proportions in favour of L. lineolaris in the north and L. keltoni in the south and a decrease of L. elisus has taken place relative to studies conducted in the 1980's.

A shift in reptile diversity and abundance over the last 25 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Rachel Schwarz ◽  
Gavin Stark ◽  
Shai Meiri
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Detection Ability ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Current Survey ◽  
Study Teams ◽  
East West

The south-facing slopes in canyons, oriented along an east-west axis north of the equator, are often hotter and drier than north-facing slopes, promoting differences in the biotic and abiotic characteristics of the opposing slopes. We studied how diversity and abundance patterns have changed in Oren stream (Carmel Mountains, Israel) during the last 25 years. We tested whether temperature and habitat preferences of reptiles affected observation frequencies, to assess potential effects of global warming on the reptiles. We compared the results of a 1993–1994 survey in Oren stream to a survey we conducted during 2017–2018, using similar methods, survey area and effort. Species composition and abundance in Oren stream did not significantly change between studies, but the proportion of observations differed significantly across slopes for four out of the six most abundant species. The number of observations increased monotonically with increasing temperatures on the south-facing slope, but decreased on the north-facing slope above a temperature of 22°C. The major biome species inhabit globally was unrelated to the number of observations across slopes or studies, but species inhabiting warmer ranges were more frequently observed in the current survey. Our results suggest that as global temperatures rise, reptile species which can tolerate higher temperatures, and those which can avoid the hottest temperatures of the day, may be able to cope better. These results however may also derive from better detection ability of some species over others between study teams.

DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT AND NYMPHAL POPULATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS), L. ELISUS VAN DUZEE, AND L. BOREALIS (KELTON) (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN RELATION TO SEEDING DATE AND STAGE OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT ON CANOLA (BRASSICACEAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Leferink ◽  
G.H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe development of adult and nymphal populations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), L. elisus Van Duzee, and L. borealis (Kelton) was studied in relation to seeding date and stage of plant development in four seedings of canola (cv. Westar) in field plots at Glenlea, Manitoba, in 1988 and 1989. Lygus lineolaris was the dominant species in all seedings and in both years. Colonizing adults (first-generation adults) of the three Lygus spp. first invaded the plots at about the same time from the late rosette to the early flowering stages of plant development, and Lygus adult numbers reached maxima during flowering in all seedings. The stage of plant development, and not seeding date, was important in attracting colonizing adults of Lygus to canola. Second-generation nymphs first appeared at the flowering stage of canola. All nymphal instars reached maxima and median abundances during the late flowering and pod development stages in all seedings. Second-generation adults were present from early to late pod development stages. Median abundances of second-generation adults of L. lineolaris, L. elisus, and L. borealis usually were reached at the same plant growth stage in each seeding.

scholarly journals Design and Development of A First- and Second-Generation Balanced Scorecard in a Company in the South of Guanajuato

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Sandra Vianey Mata
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
The South ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
A Company

The purpose of this article is the development of a first and second generation in a manufacturing company in southern Guanajuato. For the development of the first generation BSC, a strategy was identified based on the company´s vision, which consists of making deliveries in the shortest time possible. Strategic objectives were determined in each of the four perspectives: financial, customers, internal processes, and learning and growth. The perspective is highlighted: Financial and Internal Processes, with the strategic objectives: “Reduce the number of returns so as not to reduce the utility of the company” and “Reduce the percentage of failures un the design of the boxes to deliver quality products to the customers”. The goals and indicators were established, as well as at least four initiatives that will help us in the fulfillment of each of the objectives. Subsequently, 3 strategic objectives are identified for each of the perspectives, these objectives are connected through a cause-effect relationship. The main one being: “Increase the speed of delivery of orders to generate reliability in customers”. Once the objectives have been identified, the series of activities to be carried out to meet these goals are described, and with this the second generation BSC is developed. Finally, a management tool is obtained that allow the company to comply with the proposed strategy.

Field evaluation of the suitability of four Brassica and two Sinapis species (Brassicaceae) as host plants of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Field Plots

The relative suitability of Sinapis alba L., Sinapis arvensis L., Brassica carinata A. Braun, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern, Brassica napus L., and Brassica rapa L. as host plants for Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) was measured by comparing the numbers of colonizing adults (first generation), nymphs (second generation), and new-generation adults (second generation) on these species in field plots during flowering and seed development in July and August 1994. The mean numbers of first-generation adults and second-generation nymphs were not significantly different on the six species of Brassica and Sinapis. The mean number of second-generation adults differed significantly on these species, but the differences were relatively small. The results indicate that the six species of Brassica and Sinapis tested are suitable host plants of L. lineolaris and have similar levels of suitability. Key words: Insecta, Miridae, Lygus lineolaris, host plants, Brassica, Sinapis

The Men of the Fifties

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-90
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Great Awakening ◽  
Second Great Awakening ◽  
The South ◽  
Personal Liberty ◽  
Fugitive Slaves ◽  
The North ◽  
Missionary Movement

This lecture looks at a second generation of exiles that left the South in the 1850s. Unlike the dissenters of the 1830s, who were influenced by the evangelical impulses of the Second Great Awakening, these exiles were motivated by sectional politics. Heightened tension over the expansion of slavery westward, the constitutionality of personal liberty laws, and the fate of fugitive slaves hardened divisions between the North and the South. Woodward argued in this lecture that abolitionism was no longer primarily a missionary movement to save the souls of slave owners from sin by bringing salvation through repentance. Hatred of the sin of slaveholding was transferred to hatred of the enslavers and their region. The dissenters of the Fifties exemplified this shift. Their outspoken condemnation of institutionalized slavery drew fire from their compatriots, forcing them to leave the region. With the notable exception of Moncure Daniel Conway, these dissenters typically came from more modest means rather than from the southern elite. These exiles included Hinton Rowan Helper, Benjamin Sherwood Hedrick, Daniel Reaves Goodloe, and John Gregg Fee.

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