scholarly journals The Use of Endophytes to Obtain Bioactive Compounds and Their Application in Biotransformation Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Recco Pimentel ◽  
Gustavo Molina ◽  
Ana Paula Dionísio ◽  
Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior ◽  
Gláucia Maria Pastore
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Biotransformation Process ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Promising Source

Endophytes are microorganisms that reside asymptomatically in the tissues of higher plants and are a promising source of novel organic natural metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activities. The laboratory of Bioaromas (Unicamp, Brazil) develops research in biotransformation processes and functional evaluation of natural products. With the intent to provide subsidies for studies on endophytic microbes related to areas cited before, this paper focuses particularly on the role of endophytes on the production of anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant compounds and includes examples that illustrate their potential for human use. It also describes biotransformation as an auspicious method to obtain novel bioactive compounds from microbes. Biotransformation allows the production of regio- and stereoselective compounds under mild conditions that can be labeled as “natural,” as discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusu ◽  
Fizeșan ◽  
Pop ◽  
Gheldiu ◽  
Mocan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Tree nut by-products could contain a wide range of phytochemicals, natural antioxidants, which might be used as a natural source for dietary supplements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenolic and sterolic composition, as well as the antioxidant and other biological activities, of hazelnut involucre (HI) extracts. Experimental designs were developed in order to select the optimum extraction conditions (solvent, temperature, time) using turbo-extraction by Ultra-Turrax for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive compounds. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS and they revealed important amounts of individual polyphenols and phytosterols, molecules with antioxidant potential. The richest polyphenolic HI extract with the highest antioxidant activity by TEAC assay was further evaluated by other in vitro antioxidant tests (DPPH, FRAP) and enzyme inhibitory assays. Additionally, the cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of this extract on two cancerous cell lines and on normal cells were tested. This is the first study to analyze the composition of both hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in HI extracts. Our findings reveal that this plant by-product presents strong biological activities, justifying further research, and it could be considered an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic industry.

scholarly journals Fungal-Mediated Biotransformation of Soybean Supplemented with Different Cereal Grains into a Functional Compound with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumoral Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8018-8033
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Biotransformation Process ◽  
Soybean Fermentation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aim of this study was to select fungal strains and alternative substrates to increase the production of bioactive compounds by solid-state bioprocessing using soybeans. Initially, from a total of 17 fungi strains, R. oligosporus NRRL 3267, R. oligosporus NRRL 2710, and R. arrhizus NRRL 2582 were pre-selected for presenting the greatest antioxidant activities during soybean fermentation. The three Rhizopus strains were cultured in soybeans supplemented with different cereal grains (brown rice, wheat, corn, and oat) aiming to achieve a higher antioxidant activity. Soybean supplementation with brown rice increased the concentration of phenolic compounds (0.697 to 6.447 mg GAE g-1) significantly compared with the only use of soybean (1.792 to 3.10 mg GAE g-1), using R. oligosporus NRRL 2710. The improved fungal-mediated biotransformation process (R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 with soybeans and brown rice) generated an isoflavone aglycone-rich product, containing different antioxidant compounds, such as trans-cinnamic acid, gallic acid, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The fermented substrate also showed great potential to inhibit hyaluronidase enzyme (anti-inflammatory activity) and against CaCo-2 tumor cells growth (antitumor activity). The resulting compound could serve as a value-added food and/or feed ingredient and a rich source of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Effects and the Signaling Pathways of Natural Bioactive Compounds on Ferroptosis

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
Shenshen Zhang ◽  
Ruizhe Hu ◽  
Yaping Geng ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Regulated Cell Death ◽  
Phospholipid Peroxidation ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Natural bioactive compounds abundantly presented in foods and medicinal plants have recently received a remarkable attention because of their various biological activities and minimal toxicity. In recent years, many natural compounds appear to offer significant effects in the regulation of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is the forefront of international scientific research which has been exponential growth since the term was coined. This type of regulated cell death is driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. Recent studies have shown that numerous organ injuries and pathophysiological processes of many diseases are driven by ferroptosis, such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion injury and acute renal failure. It is reported that the initiation and inhibition of ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in lipid peroxidation, organ damage, neurodegeneration and cancer growth and progression. Recently, many natural phytochemicals extracted from edible plants have been demonstrated to be novel ferroptosis regulators and have the potential to treat ferroptosis-related diseases. This review provides an updated overview on the role of natural bioactive compounds and the potential signaling pathways in the regulation of ferroptosis.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals Derived from Catharanthus roseus and Their Health Benefits

Technologies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Hong Ngoc Thuy Pham ◽  
Quan Van Vuong ◽  
Michael C. Bowyer ◽  
Christopher J. Scarlett
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Promising Source

Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) is an important medicinal plant distributed in many countries. It has attracted increasing attention due to it being shown to possess a range of phytochemicals with various biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Remarkably, vinblastine and vincristine isolated from this plant were the first plant-derived anticancer agents deployed for clinical use. Recently, new isolated indole alkaloids from this plant including catharoseumine, 14′,15′-didehydrocyclovinblastine, 17-deacetoxycyclovinblastine and 17-deacetoxyvinamidine effectively inhibited human cancer cell lines in vitro. Moreover, vindoline, vindolidine, vindolicine and vindolinine isolated from C. roseus leaf exhibited in vitro antidiabetic property. These findings strongly indicate that this plant is still a promising source of bioactive compounds, which should be further investigated. This paper provides an overview of the traditional use and phytochemical profiles of C. roseus, and summarises updated techniques of the preparation of dried material, extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds from this plant. In addition, purported health benefits of the extracts and bioactive compounds derived from this plant were also addressed to support their potential as therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and biological activities of Artocarpus heterophyllus lam (Jackfruit): A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 005-009
Author(s):  
Bhad Pranay Raja ◽  
Bobde Meeneri Vilas ◽  
G Sibi
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Promising Source

Artocarpus (Moraceae) is a deciduous tree with appreciable importance as a source of edible fruit and is widely used in folk medicines. The extracts and metabolites of Artocarpus heterophyllus particularly those from leaves, bark, stem and fruit possess several useful bioactive compounds. This review indents to compile various studies on A. heterophyllus and critically evaluates its ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological properties. Several pharmacological studies from A. heterophyllus have conclusively established their mode of action in anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Based on the available data, it is concluded that Artocarpus as a promising source of useful products and opens up new avenues for novel therapeutics.

scholarly journals Sponges and Their Symbionts as a Source of Valuable Compounds in Cosmeceutical Field

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Roberta Esposito ◽  
Nadia Ruocco ◽  
Thomas Viel ◽  
Serena Federico ◽  
Valerio Zupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Health And Well Being

In the last decades, the marine environment was discovered as a huge reservoir of novel bioactive compounds, useful for medicinal treatments improving human health and well-being. Among several marine organisms exhibiting biotechnological potential, sponges were highlighted as one of the most interesting phyla according to a wide literature describing new molecules every year. Not surprisingly, the first marine drugs approved for medical purposes were isolated from a marine sponge and are now used as anti-cancer and anti-viral agents. In most cases, experimental evidence reported that very often associated and/or symbiotic communities produced these bioactive compounds for a mutual benefit. Nowadays, beauty treatments are formulated taking advantage of the beneficial properties exerted by marine novel compounds. In fact, several biological activities suitable for cosmetic treatments were recorded, such as anti-oxidant, anti-aging, skin whitening, and emulsifying activities, among others. Here, we collected and discussed several scientific contributions reporting the cosmeceutical potential of marine sponge symbionts, which were exclusively represented by fungi and bacteria. Bioactive compounds specifically indicated as products of the sponge metabolism were also included. However, the origin of sponge metabolites is dubious, and the role of the associated biota cannot be excluded, considering that the isolation of symbionts represents a hard challenge due to their uncultivable features.

scholarly journals A Study of Genus Zingiber: The Role of Condiments in Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Anggra Paramita ◽  
◽  
Indra Wibowo ◽  
Muhamad Insanu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Background and purpose: Zingiberaceae family has been widely used as an herbal medicine from generation to generation. This review aimed more in-depth into information and correlation about the empirical uses, bioactive compounds, and biological activities, a literature review genus Zingiber was conducted. Methods: Articles about genus Zingiber were collected from databases (e.g., DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journal), PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and Springer), they were sorted based on inclusions criteria such as; related to bioactive compounds and biological activities of the samples and also articles for the last ten year. Results: The screening results obtained 52 reports to review and grouped according to each plant's bioactive content and pharmacological effect. The extensive constituent in genus Zingiber is essential oil. Therefore, the major activity found in this genus was related to antimicrobial and anti-oxidant. Furthermore, the other activities of plants were related to their factual use during this time. Conclusion: The empirical uses of these rhizomes were in line with the bioactive compounds and biological activities.

scholarly journals NEW PYRAN OF AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS Fusarium sp. ISOLATED FROM THE LEAVES OF BROTOWALI (Tinaspora crispa)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfita Elfita ◽  
Munawar Munawar ◽  
Muharni Muharni ◽  
Suprayetno Suprayetno
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Promising Source

Endophytes are microorganisms that reside asymptomatically in the tissues of higher plants and are relatively unstudied and a promising source of novel organic natural metabolites exhibiting a variety of biological activities. As a part of our systematic search for new bioactive lead structures from endophytic, the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. isolated from the leaves of Brotowali (Tinaspora crispa), was cultured for isolation of metabolite. The endophytic fungus was cultivated on 6 L of Potatos Dextose Broth (PDB) medium at room temperature (no shaking) for 8 weeks. The cultures were then extracted with ethyl acetate to afford 9.4 g of residue after removal of the solvent under reduced pressure. The extract was separated into the fractions by column chromatography (CC) on silica gel. The fractions were further separated by silica gel column chromatography to give one compound. The molecular structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, COSY, and MS. The compound was determined as a new pyran.

scholarly journals Efficacy, Stability, and Safety Evaluation of New Polyphenolic Xanthones Towards Identification of Bioactive Compounds to Fight Skin Photoaging

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana I. S. P. Resende ◽  
Mariana C. Almeida ◽  
Bruna Maciel ◽  
Helena Carmo ◽  
José Sousa Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
Keratinocyte Cell ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Skin Photoaging ◽  
Ph Range

Antioxidants have long been used in the cosmetic industry to prevent skin photoaging, which is mediated by oxidative stress, making the search for new antioxidant compounds highly desirable in this field. Naturally occurring xanthones are polyphenolic compounds that can be found in microorganisms, fungi, lichens, and some higher plants. This class of polyphenols has a privileged scaffold that grants them several biological activities. We have previously identified simple oxygenated xanthones as promising antioxidants and disclosed as hit, 1,2-dihydroxyxanthone (1). Herein, we synthesized and studied the potential of xanthones with different polyoxygenated patterns as skin antiphotoaging ingredients. In the DPPH antioxidant assay, two newly synthesized derivatives showed IC50 values in the same range as ascorbic acid. The synthesized xanthones were discovered to be excellent tyrosinase inhibitors and weak to moderate collagenase and elastase inhibitors but no activity was revealed against hyaluronidase. Their metal-chelating effect (FeCl3 and CuCl2) as well as their stability at different pH values were characterized to understand their potential to be used as future cosmetic active agents. Among the synthesized polyoxygenated xanthones, 1,2-dihydroxyxanthone (1) was reinforced as the most promising, exhibiting a dual ability to protect the skin against UV damage by combining antioxidant/metal-chelating properties with UV-filter capacity and revealed to be more stable in the pH range that is close to the pH of the skin. Lastly, the phototoxicity of 1,2-dihydroxyxanthone (1) was evaluated in a human keratinocyte cell line and no phototoxicity was observed in the concentration range tested.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Aspergillus creber Extract and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
AFAF SAKHRI ◽  
NOREDDINE KACEM CHAOUCHE ◽  
MARIA ROSARIA CATANIA ◽  
ALBERTO RITIENI ◽  
ANTONELLO SANTINI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
High Level ◽  
Promising Source

Among the species belonging to the Aspergillus section Versicolores, Aspergillus creber has been poorly studied and still unexplored for its biological activities. The present study was undertaken to analyze A. creber extract and to evaluate its in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of A. creber extract allowed the characterization of five known fungal metabolites including: asperlactone, emodin, sterigmatocystin, deoxybrevianamide E, and norsolorinic acid. The highest antimicrobial activity was displayed against Candida albicans, with a mean strongest inhibition zone of 20.6 ± 0.8 mm, followed by Gram-positive drug-resistant bacteria. The MIC values of A. creber extract varied from 0.325 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. A. creber extract was shown a potent antioxidant activity and a high level of phenolic compounds by recording 89.28% scavenging effect for DPPH free radical, 92.93% in ABTS assay, and 85.76 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract in Folin-Ciocalteu assay. To our knowledge, this is the first study concerning biological and chemical activities of A.creber species. Based on the obtained results, A.creber could be a promising source of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document