Cymbopogon citratus essential oil bioactivity and the induction of enzymes related to the pathogenesis of Alternaria solani on tomato plants

Dental caries is a pathology of multifactorial origin and currently natural products are an efficient alternative treatment; The work sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and the citral and myrcene components against Streptococcus mutans ATCC UA159, as well as their cytotoxicity on keratinocytes and human fibroblasts. The viability effect against Streptococcus mutans on biofilms was evaluated through exposure to the three substances by using the MBEC technique-high-throughput at concentrations of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL and chlorhexidine as positive control. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated on keratinocytes and fibroblasts through the MTT reduction technique, using 0.5 mM H2O2 as cell-death control (negative control) and ethanol 1% as vehicle control (positive control). The three substances evaluated had effects on the viability of Streptococcus mutans with mortality between 74% and 96%, without significant difference among them (p > 0.393); additionally, no cytotoxicity was evident on keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a 24-h treatment. The substances evaluated showed significant antimicrobial effects; hence, these should be studied further as potential co-adjuvants to prevent dental caries that cause minor adverse effects

Download Full-text

Extraction and Formulation of Perfume from Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass)

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v25i8.27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1461-1463

Author(s):

O.E. Ameh ◽

J.I. Achika ◽

N.M. Bello ◽

A.J. Owolaja

Keyword(s):

Solvent Extraction ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Boiling Point ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Suitable Method ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Solvent Extraction Method

This work aimed to extract perfume from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus using three extraction methods viz: distillation, solvent extraction and expression or effleurage. About 150 g of dried lemons grass were extracted using ethanol as the solvent to obtain essential oils required for the formulation of perfumes. The result of the hydrodistillation process showed that 1.23 g of essential oil per 130g of dry lemongrass produce 0.95% oil at 78 °C, while the effleurage method was 2.55 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample thereby producing 1.96% oil yield. The solvent extraction method gave 2.7 g of essential oil per 130 g of dry lemongrass sample. This gives about 2.08 % yield of essential oil at a temperature of 78°C i.e. the boiling point of ethanol. The solvent extraction method yielded 2.08%, the effleuragemethod yielded 1.96% and the hydrodistillation method yielded 0.95% essential oil respectively. In conclusion, solvent extraction gave the highest yield because of less exposure to air and heat, which is highly recommended as the most suitable method for the extraction of essential oil.

Download Full-text

Essential Oil pada Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf Dan Bioaktivitasnya

Titian Ilmu Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Sciences ◽

10.30599/jti.v12i1.538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Marina Silalahi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus

Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf yang dikenal sebagai serai merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan penghasil essential oil. Essential oil merupakan senyawa aromatis yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam industri farmasi atau dalam bidang pengobatan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan essential oil yang terdapat pada C. citratus dan bioaktivitasnya. Penulisan artikel ini didasarkan pada kajian literatur yang diperoleh secara online maupun offline meliputi Scopus, Pubmed, dan jurnal ilmiah lainnya. Cymbopogon citratus dalam pengobatan tradisional digunakan sebagai ramuan sauna tradisonal, rematik, gangguan saluran pencernaan, gangguan sistem saraf, demam, dan diabetes mellitus. Essential oil merupakan senyawa kompleks, namun oleh berbagai ahli diklasifikasikan ke dalam empat kelompok yaitu (1) senyawa alifatik, (2) terpen dan derivatnya, (3) derivat benzena, dan (4) senyawa miscellaneous. Ektsrak C. citratus memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba, analgesik, dan anti inflamasi. Pemanfaatan C. citratus dalam industri makanan dan minuman perlu diteliti lebih lanjut sehingga dapat berdampak ganda sebagai makanan atau minuman yang menyehatkan.

Download Full-text

Expression profiles of glutathione S-transferases genes in semi-engorged Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) exposed to Cymbopogon citratus essential oil

10.21203/rs.2.24101/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Desmond Onyeka Agwunobi ◽

Tingwei Pei ◽

Xiaoshuang Wang ◽

Zhijun Yu ◽

Jing-Ze Liu

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Pacific Islands ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Effective Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Domestic Sheep ◽

Haemaphysalis Longicornis ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Glutathione S Transferases

Abstract Background: The tick Haemaphysalis longicornis is well known as vector of several zoonotic pathogens responsible for various clinical conditions, increasingly threatens the veterinary and public health. It is mainly distributed in East Asia, New Zealand, Australia, and several Pacific islands, and has been expanded rapidly in United States since its first founding on a nonimported domestic sheep in New Jersey. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are phase II detoxification enzymes, which function via combining with pesticidal molecules and catalyzing the conjugation of molecules by thiol of glutathione, so as to protect tissues from oxidative stress damage. In the tick H. longicornis, glutathione S-transferases (HlGST and HlGST2) have been previously identified. However, the relationship between the expression of glutathione S-transferases and the essential oil treatment in ticks remains unexplored. Hence, in the present study, the expression profiles of HlGST and HlGST2 mRNAs were evaluated in H. longicornis after exposure to Cymbopogon citratus essential oil. Results: At 24 h post-exposure of H. longicornis to different sublethal concentrations of C. citratus essential oil, ANOVA results revealed significant difference (F2,6 = 55.94, P = 0.0001) in the expression of HlGST. Tukey’s test showed that HlGST was significantly induced after treatment with 1% C. citratus essential oil (P = 0.0002); whereas no significant difference (P = 0.3551) was detected after treated by 2% C. citratus essential oil. No significant difference (F2,6 = 0.8990, P = 0.4555) in the expression of HlGST2 between the treatment and the control group of 50% ethanol. Nevertheless, the under-expression of HlGST2 in the treatment groups versus the untreated control group was not significant (F3,8 = 2.643, P = 0.1208). Conclusion: The results implied that GST mRNA is a potential molecular target for C. citratus essential oil in H. longicornis. Further understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the GST at the molecular level could contribute to develop effective control measures for ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Download Full-text